%0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2022 %T Blockchain Implementation Challenges in Developing Countries: An evidence-based systematic review and bibliometric analysis %A Abu Naser Mohammad Saif %A K. M. Anwarul Islam %A Afruza Haque %A Hamida Akhter %A S.M. Masudur Rahman %A Nusrat Jafrin %A Rasheda Akter Rupa and Rehnuma Mostafa %K bibliometric analysis %K blockchain %K challenges %K developing country %K implementation %K PRISMA %K systematic review %K VOSviewer %X Contemporary research on technology and innovation management has gauged blockchain as a catalyst for the electronic-information era. As developing countries around the globe are facing challenges to adopt and implement blockchain, this evidence-based systematic review aims to identify the implementation challenges of blockchain technology for developing countries. A total of 1,298 published documents during the period 2016-2021 from the Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and ScienceDirect databases were explored to recognize 19 appropriate publications for research analysis using a PRISMA flow diagram. Based on the identified challenges from the thorough reviews of these 19 publications, using the association technique, the authors developed four comprehensive themes as broad challenges: technological, governance, organizational and environmental, and knowledge. Later, they performed bibliometric analyses using VOSviewer 1.6.17, and based on the bibliometric evidence constructed term co-occurrence network plots. The results show that developing countries face challenges vis-à-vis technological, governance, organizational and environmental, and knowledge issues when implementing blockchain technology. Hence, to make blockchain adoption and implementation processes successful in developing countries, these broad categories of challenges must be properly addressed. In addition, practitioners of disruptive technology, policymakers, consultants, IT experts, business people, top company managers, and above all, respective governments need to pay attention to these challenges for accelerating the blockchain adoption and implementation process in developing countries. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 12 %P 22010202 %8 05/2022 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1479 %N 1/2 %1 University of Dhaka Abu Naser Mohammad Saif serves as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Management Information Systems at the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. He has published high-impact research articles in the top peer-reviewed Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 journals. His recent Scopus and Web of Science indexed book chapter has appeared in a Taylor & Francis Hardcover. He acted as Resource Person as well as Session Chair in the International Conference organized by Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, India. As well, he has presented research papers at various international conferences held in Malaysia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. He achieved the ‘Best Paper Award’ in the 1st International Youth Conference 2021 jointly organized by Penang Youth Development Corporation and Universiti Sains Malaysia. His research interests include innovation and technology, enterprise information systems, sustainable human resource development, green supply chain management, blockchain, and technology acceptance models for industry-specific studies. %2 The Millennium University K. M. Anwarul Islam serves as an Associate Professor in the Department of Business Administration at The Millennium University, Bangladesh. He completed his graduation from the University of Dhaka and currently is pursuing a PhD in Malaysia. He has over 100 scientific papers, either presented or published, in reputed journals indexed in ABDC, ERA, ABS, Scopus, and WoS. He is an internationally recognized expert in many areas of Islamic Finance and Banking. He has served as a member of various research and scientific societies and acted on a number of institutional committees. Additionally, he has written five books. He is the Founder and Editor-In-Chief of Indian Journal of Finance and Banking, USA (ABDC Rank), International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review, USA (ABDC Rank), and International Journal of Islamic Banking and Finance Research (USA). %3 Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology Afruza Haque serves as a Lecturer in the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences at Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh. She earned her BBA and MBA in Management Information Systems from the University of Dhaka, where she placed third and second, respectively. Ms. Haque has published research articles in several reputed peer-reviewed journals and presented research papers at different international conferences. Her research interests include FinTech, big data, blockchain technology, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), and public policy. %4 University of Dhaka Hamida Akhter serves as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Management Information Systems at the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. She earned an MBA with distinction from the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Her research interests include green technology, social informatics, IoT, and artificial intelligence. %# Swinburne University of Technology S.M. Masudur Rahman is a Master of Business (Research) student in the Faculty of Business, Design and Arts (FBDA) at the Swinburne University of Technology, Sarawak, Malaysia. Mr. Masud has published quality research articles in the top peer-reviewed journals such as Global Business and Economics Review, International Journal of Business Innovation and Research. He also presented research papers at different international conferences held in Malaysia, and Bangladesh. He received BBA with distinction from the University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. He got a Dean’s Merit Award and Dean’s Honor Award for his outstanding academic performance in the BBA program. His current research interests include finance and accounting, financial econometrics, CSR, innovation and entrepreneurship, and sustainable development. %$ University of Dhaka Nusrat Jafrin serves as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Population Sciences at the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Since joining, she has been involved as a core member of national-level research projects related to demography in collaboration with the UNFPA, Bangladesh. She has published quality research articles in top-tier journals such as Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Population Review, Demografie, International Journal of Social Economics, Operations Research and Decisions, and Cogent Education. Her research interests include economic demography, development economics, sustainable development, poverty and inequality, population and environment. Her latest Scopus and Web of Science indexed book chapter appeared in a Taylor & Francis Hardcover. Currently, she is pursuing her PhD at the Faculty of Business and Economics, Universiti Malaya, Malaysia. %] Prime University Rasheda Akter Rupa serves as a Lecturer in the Department of Business Administration at Prime University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. She earned an MBA in Management Information Systems from the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Ms. Rupa achieved the Prime Minister Gold Medal 2017 for her outstanding academic performance in the BBA program at the University of Dhaka. Her research interests include big data, artificial intelligence, and green supply chain management. Her latest research article on green supply chain management appeared in an ABS, ABDC, and Scopus indexed SAGE journal. and Universiti Malaysia Perlis Rehnuma Mostafa is pursuing her PhD in Management at the Faculty of Applied and Human Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia. She earned an MBA in Management from the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. She has published quality research articles in top peer-reviewed journals such as LogForum, Cogent Education. Her research interests include human resource management, innovation management, and media management. She is a well-known Bangladeshi media personality and public relations specialist. %& - %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1479 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2021 %T Discovery and Validation of Business Models: How B2B Startups can use Business Experiments %A Patrick Brecht %A Daniel Hendriks %A Anja Stroebele %A Carsten H. Hahn %A Ingmar Wolff %K B2B Startup %K Business Experiment Design %K Business Experiments %K business model %K Customer Development Process %K Four-Step Iterative Cycle %K Growth Hacking %K lean startup %X Startups searching for a business model face uncertainty. This research aims to demonstrates how B2B startups can use business experiments to discover and validate their business model's desirability quickly and cost-effectively. The research study follows a design science approach by focusing on two main steps: build and evaluate. We first created a B2B-Startup Experimentation Framework based on well-known earlier frameworks. After that, we applied the framework to the case of the German startup heliopas.ai. The framework consists of four steps (1) implementation of a measurement system, (2) hypothesis development and prioritization, (3) discovery, and (4) validation. Within its application, we conducted business experiments, including online and offline advertisements, as well as interviews. This research contributes in several ways to the understanding of how B2B-startups can use business experiments to discover and validate their business models: First, the designed B2B-Startup Experimentation Framework can serve as a guideline for company founders. Second, the results were used to improve the existing business model of the German B2B startup heliopas.ai. Finally, applying the framework allowed us to formulate design principles for creating business experiments. The design principles used in the study can be further tested in future studies. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 11 %P 17-31 %8 03/2021 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1426 %N 3 %1 Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences Patrick Brecht, M.Sc., works as a research associate at the Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences after completing his study in industrial engineering with a focus on sales. In addition to his passion for sales, he has a growing fascination for science and entrepreneurship. In his role as project manager at the xLab, Experimental Lab for Innovation and Entrepreneurship, he supports startups in the area of business model innovation. His focus lies in validating startup potential within the field of smart business experiments and platform business models. %2 Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences Daniel Hendriks, B.Sc., studied business administration and industrial engineering, focusing on service-oriented business model development at the Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences. He works as a research associate at xLab of the University of Applied Sciences as an expert on B2B startup experimentation and Lean Startup. Besides his work, he is perusing a master’s degree at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in business administration and industrial engineering. %3 Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences Anja Ströbele, B.Sc., is a research associate of the xLab at the Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences. Her main research interests are in the fields of innovation, platform business models, and experimentation. During her studies, she developed a passion for research and an interest in innovation and entrepreneurship from analyzing the factors that turn a user innovator into a social entrepreneur with the help of theories of planned behavior. Her current master’s degree focus is on marketing-finance that not only provides an understanding of the interface of these two disciplines, but also gives insights into design process models to create financial innovations. She currently works analyzing service management failures by applying probabilistic Bayesian modeling on collections of text documents. %4 Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences Prof. Dr. Carsten Hahn works as a director of research and innovation at SAP and additionally holds a professorship for Innovation and Entrepreneurship at the University of Applied Sciences Karlsruhe. After studying business informatics at the University of Mannheim and doing his doctorate in Marketing at the University of Mainz, he began his career as an assistant to the executive board of SAP. Carsten serves as a visiting lecturer at the Sloan School of Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In his academic work, he founded the xLab, which deals with entrepreneurship and innovation concepts in research, teaching, and practical application. %# heliopas.ai Ingmar Wolff, M.Sc., is always passionate about innovation and entrepreneurship, has founded two startups, and financed his studies with a sales business. He completed his studies in industrial engineering with a focus on entrepreneurship and computer science at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). Afterwards, he consulted for startups on product-market fit and technology at the SAP startup incubator “innoWerft”. After working at KIT as a research associate in the domain of automated machine learning, he founded his current company heliopas.ai GmbH, which provides AI-powered irrigation advice to farmers. %& 17 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1426 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2021 %T Framing Multi-Stakeholder Value Propositions: A wicked problem lens %A Yat Ming Ooi %A Kenneth Husted %K complexity %K complicatedness %K scaling-up %K stakeholders %K value proposition %K wicked problem %X Balancing various stakeholder (often contradictory) expectations creates tensions when developing value propositions for a new firm. Customers, funders, owners, and society-at-large often expect different value outcomes from a firm. They therefore have different motivations for being involved in the firm. These differences in value expectations are more strongly expressed in technology-based ventures, which often rely heavily on access to heterogeneous external resources such as capital, specialised knowledge, distribution, and service. In this paper, we use a wicked problem lens to explore specific challenges for companies to mediate seemingly contradictory propositions. We use two dimensions of wicked problems involving complexity and complicatedness, and conduct a secondary analysis of seven technology venture case studies from Australia and New Zealand. We then categorise the configuration types of these firms' stakeholder value propositions in the context of their scale-up process. We contribute to the value proposition and business model development research streams by suggesting that the challenge of mediating value propositions that conflict can manifest itself in four types of configurations: easy, complicated, complex and wicked. Complicated and complex propositions are thorny, but with structures and processes in place, they can be adequately addressed. On the other hand, wicked propositions consist of many unknowns and require firms to collaborate with stakeholders to derive outcomes that align company scaling objective with stakeholder value propositions. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 11 %P 26-37 %8 04/2021 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1434 %N 4 %1 University of Auckland Business School Yat Ming Ooi is a Research Fellow at the Department of Management and International Business, University of Auckland Business School. He holds a PhD in Management from the University of Auckland, New Zealand. His research focuses on collaborative forms of innovation activities, digital transformation, problem-solving in grand challenge initiatives, technology commercialisation, and the economic impact of stagnation on developing countries' entrepreneurial activities. Yat Ming has published articles in Research-Technology Management, University of Auckland Business Review, and Kindai Management Review. He is also an editorial review board member for the Technology Innovation Management Review. %2 University of Auckland Business School Kenneth Husted is a Professor of Innovation and Research Management, and Head of the Department of Management and International Business, University of Auckland Business School. He holds a PhD from Copenhagen Business School, Denmark. His research covers innovation and research management, knowledge management, management of R&D and research commercialisation. He has published articles in reputable journals, including Journal of Management Studies, Organizational Dynamics, California Management Review, Technovation, R&D Management, Journal of Knowledge Management, and Creativity and Innovation Management. He is also regional editor for the Journal of Knowledge Management and associate editor for the Technology Innovation Management Review. %& 26 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1434 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2021 %T How Can Firms Effectively Use Technology in Customer Journey Management %A William Boscardini Helouani %K customer experience %K customer journey %K digital transformation %K Managerial Requirements %K Technology Drivers %X Customer Journey (CJ) mapping offers a view of the Customer Experience (CX) from a customer's standpoint, which acts as the first step towards a myriad of actions that can be performed to improve CX. While CJ mapping has proven to be helpful in a wide range of use cases, companies still struggle to apply technology to make it effective. This research performs a literature review to identify how IT and digital assets can be used in the CJ context, providing practical examples for organizations willing to implement a consumer-centered IT strategy. As a result, it was found that IT can be used in three primary contexts for CJ: mapping, enabling, and monitoring. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 11 %P 32-47 %8 10/2021 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1455 %N 7/8 %1 Sao Paulo School of Business Administration William Boscardini Helouani, Lic.Sc.(Tech.) is the Latin America IT Director for Customer Experience at Electrolux. He has more than 15 years of working experience in the manufacturing industry in different digital areas, including IT, product, marketing, and e-commerce. Pursuing an M.Sc degree at Sao Paulo School of Business Administration (FGV EAESP), he researches the impact of companies' IT capabilities on the Customer Experience. %& 32 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1455 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2021 %T Living Labs for Public Sector Innovation: insights from a European case study %A Anne Vorre Hansen %A Lars Fuglsang %A Christine Liefooghe %A Luis Rubalcaba %A David Gago %A Ines Mergel & Nathalie Haug %A Maria Taivalsaari Røhnebæk & Francesco Mureddu %K Citizen engagement %K co-creation %K living labs %K Open innovation %K Public sector innovation %X Living labs have gained increased attention in research and practice as both a practical and theoretical innovation phenomenon that emphasizes co-creation, real-life settings, and user/customer involvement. More recently, living labs have also emerged as a specific approach to open innovation processes in the context of publics across the EU. Nevertheless, it is still not clear how the understanding of living labs can be translated and organized into new sectorial settings, what type of public sector innovation challenges it addresses, and what role citizens and users have. The aim of this article is therefore to explore and analyze how living labs are applied as processes for public sector innovation. Based on a mixed method approach of 21 European living lab cases, the analysis reveals a pattern of three different processes for living lab organizational and actor roles: living labs organized as cross-sectorial collaboration, living labs emerging within the public sector as main initiator and beneficiary, and living labs developed by civil society actors. The findings are presented as three scenarios for implementing living labs, which also acts as a background for the article's final discussion about the potentials and pitfalls of living labs in public sector contexts. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 11 %P 47-58 %8 12/2021 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1464 %N 9/10 %1 Roskilde University Anne Vorre Hansen (Corresponding author) is Associate Professor of Social Entrepreneurship at Roskilde University. Anne is an experienced consultant, project manager and researcher of user- and citizen-driven innovation processes across the private, public and third sector, alongside of civil society led initiatives. In her current research, she focuses on social innovation and value co-creation processes and practices. %2 Roskilde University Lars Fuglsang is Professor at Roskilde University, Denmark. His research is on how institutional and organizational frameworks are created to deal with the impact of innovation, technology and other forms of change on business and society. His current research focuses on practice-based understandings of the innovation process, where innovation is seen as closely connected with practices and routines. %3 Lille University Christine Liefooghe is Lecturer in economic geography at the Faculty of Economic, Social and Territory Sciences, Lille University, France. Her research focuses on innovation, regional development, and urban change in the knowledge, cultural and creative economy. Her latest projects have focused on the creative city, then the spatial diffusion of third places (coworking, Fablabs) and, within the framework of the Co-VAL H2020 project, on Living Labs and the digitalization of public policies. %4 University of Alacala Luis Rubalcaba is Professor of Economics, Department of Economics and Business Administration, University of Alcalá and director of the Master on Innovation Economics, Management and Technology. Previous positions: scientific co-coordinator of the Co-VAL H2020 project on public sector innovation, senior innovation specialist at the World Bank in Washington, DC (US), visiting Fulbright Scholar at Boston University (US), distinguished professor at VTT-Tekes/Academy of Science (Finland), honorary scholar at the University of Birmingham (UK), and president of RESER (European Association for Services Research). %# San Pablo CEU University David Gago is Lecturer at San Pablo CEU University, Spain, and Professor of the Master on Innovation Economics, Management and Technology at the University of Alcalá, Spain. He has researched and published in the areas of service innovation, innovation metrics and impacts of innovation, and public policies. His practical experience includes working extensively both with public and private boards on strategic planning, decision making, and evaluation/impact assessment. Over time he has also served non-profit organizations. %$ University of Konstanz Ines Mergel is full Professor of digital governance at the University of Konstanz, Germany, where she heads the Digital Governance Lab. She is a fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA). Her research focuses on the digital transformation of the public sector. University of Konstanz Nathalie Haug holds a master’s degree in Politics and Public Administration and is currently a PhD Student in the department of Politics and Public Administration at the University of Konstanz. Her research interests cover public sector innovation, digital transformation of organizations, as well as citizen participation in the design and delivery of public services. %] Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences Maria Taivalsaari Røhnebæk is a senior researcher at Inland School of Business and Social Sciences at the Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences. She holds a master’s degree in social anthropology and a PhD in technology, innovation and culture from the University of Oslo. Her research focuses on innovation and digitalization in public services, with emphasis on welfare, care, and social services. She has conducted extensive fieldwork in India and Norway, and she is currently working with research projects focusing on service innovation, service design, and co-creation in public services. Belgian Think Tank Lisbon Council Francesco Mureddu is an analyst and strategist in innovation and technology policies and is currently Director at the Belgian Think Tank Lisbon Council. Aside from his primary activity, he serves as partner and business development consultant for the consultancy start-up DataPower Consulting, as well as consultant for several clients including PwC Italy, KPMG Italy, NOVA, JRC Seville, Outsight, Region Emilia-Romagna (Italy), Manpower, Adecco, Proter, and I2Grow. He holds an MA in Economics from the Catholic University of Louvain and a PhD in Economics from the University of Cagliari. %& 47 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1464 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2021 %T Managing the Disruption of Mobility Services: How to align the value propositions of key ecosystem players %A Joel Wolff %A Esko Hakanen %K Design Framework %K ecosystem %K Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) %K Urban Mobility %K value proposition %X Many industries nowadays are facing drastic changes that enable and require new forms of interdependencies that facilitate complex ecosystems of interconnected actors. This paper investigates such a transformation facing the mobility sector, as user-centric bundles of mobility services are being introduced and compiled, by referring to the Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) concept. In the process, new value propositions arise that call for aligning the established players with new entrants. The implementation of MaaS is still in its infancy, and many open questions remain about how local authorities should support its emergence. One key challenge relates to decomposing the focal offering of the MaaS ecosystem into complementary value propositions for key players in the industry. This paper presents the results of a constructive design research project, building on interviews with a leading MaaS provider, as well as stakeholders representing national and local authorities in four European cities. The findings emphasize the need to balance a shared desire to disrupt conventional ways of offering mobility services against reluctance to overturn the industry's public and private incumbents. The co-design framework that results serves to summarize five steps that enable MaaS by guiding strategic interaction between local authorities and various players in the mobility ecosystem. In addition, the article builds on ecosystem research insights and emphasizes the need to align value propositions among multiple stakeholders. The study suggests that the mobility sector provides a prominent empirical context for future ecosystem research. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 11 %P 13-25 %8 04/2021 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1433 %N 4 %1 Aalto University Joel Wolff, MA (Art & Design), is a strategic service designer and researcher currently focusing on user-centric sustainable development, systems analysis and urban transformation. His forte is in applying co-creative design methods to facilitate sensemaking and strategy development. Mr. Wolff is affiliated with the Department of Industrial Engineering and the Department of Design at Aalto University. %2 Aalto University Esko Hakanen, DSc (Tech), is a postdoctoral researcher in the areas of digitalization, platforms, and value creation and sharing in networks. His work builds on an interdisciplinary background and combines multiple perspectives for analyzing digital transformation as a socio-technical change. Dr. Hakanen is affiliated with the Department of Industrial Engineering and the Design Factory at Aalto University. %& 13 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1433 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2021 %T A Review of Living Lab Research and Methods for User Involvement %A Judy Hong Huang %A Elisa Thomas %K bibliometric analysis %K co-creation %K literature review %K Living lab %K user involvement %X Living lab initiatives attempt to solve challenges by stimulating innovative collaboration and outcomes, which unfold in multifarious activities. This study investigates the progress of Living lab research over time. It explores its current trends, along with methods and tools used by Living labs for user involvement. By employing a two-step approach, the study first presents a bibliometric analysis of 535 publications, including detection of convergence towards areas like the aging problem of societies, smart cities, Urban Living labs, and overall sustainability. Urban Living lab clusters have been growing rapidly and forming their own research domain. Subsequently, a review of 42 empirical papers explores the methods and tools adopted by Living labs for user involvement during the innovation process. We categorize the methods into the following eight groups: 1) Structured interaction, 2) Flexible interaction, 3) Extended network, 4) Special actors, 5) Learning and engaging, 6) Design approaches; 7) Techniques, 8) Operational guidelines. The study contributes both to theoretical and practice-oriented Living lab research and offers potential support especially to practitioners. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 11 %P 88-107 %8 12/2021 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1467 %N 9/10 %1 University of Stavanger Judy Hong Huang is a Ph.D. candidate at the Business School, University of Stavanger, Norway. She works with a research project named “Releasing the Power of Users - articulating user interests to accelerate new innovative pathways in digital health and welfare sector”. It is a four-year international project funded by the Norwegian Research Council. Her study belongs to its work package 2, “Creating boundary innovation space” with a special interest in living labs, their user-driven or user-inspired innovations, and methods for user involvement. %2 Nord University Elisa Thomas is an Associate Professor at Nord University (Norway) and an Adjunct Associate Professor at the University of Stavanger (Norway). She is a leader of the Academic Division in Competences, Behaviour, and Culture for Innovation at the Brazilian Academy of Management (ANPAD), and a leader of the Special Interest Group on Responsible Innovation at the International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM). Her research interests include entrepreneurship and innovation ecosystems, the role of universities in regional development, start-up incubators, technology parks, and open innovation intermediaries. %& 88 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1467 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2021 %T Rural Living Labs: Inclusive Digital Transformation in the Countryside %A Abdolrasoul Habibipour %A Johanna Lindberg %A Mari Runardotter %A Yomn Elmistikawy %A Anna Ståhlbröst %A Diana Chronéer %K Components %K digital transformation %K Living lab %K Rural living lab %K Rural residents %K user engagement %X Digital transformation (DT) has received increasing attention in recent years. Up until now, most of the current studies focus on digital transformation in advanced and dense societies, especially urban areas and technologies. Hence, the phenomenon of DT is under-researched in the context of rural and sparsely populated contexts. This study aims at exploring how a rural living lab (RLL) can be shaped and how this approach can be designed to support digital transformation processes in rural contexts. In so doing, following a design science research methodology (DSRM) approach, we have made an artefact (that is, RLL framework) that is an "instantiation" that supports user centric digitalization of rural areas. The designed framework is developed based on the key components of "traditional" and "urban" living labs, as well as empirical data which was collected within the context of the DigiBy project. The DigiBy project aims at conducting DT pilots in rural areas to elevate peoples' understanding of digitalization and the application of digitalization opportunities for service development in rural areas in the north of Sweden. As a result of these studies, five key components that guide the design of digital transformation pilots in rural areas emerged, namely: 1) rural context, 2) digitalization, 3) governance, control, and business mode, 4) methods facilitating DT processes, and 5) quintuple helix actors. We also offer an empirically derived definition of the rural living lab concept, followed by avenues for future research. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 11 %P 59-72 %8 12/2021 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1465 %N 9/10 %1 Luleå University of Technology Abdolrasoul (Rasoul) Habibipour (Ph.D.) is a postdoctoral researcher in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden and is Managing director of Botnia Living Lab, Sweden. His research focuses on participatory design and user engagement in information systems development processes, with a particular emphasis on users’ motivations and needs. Abdolrasoul has previously worked in information technology (IT) projects for more than 13 years as a project leader and project manager as well as software designer, developer and programmer. He has been involved in teaching and supervising students at the bachelor, master and PhD levels and has published several journal and conference articles in his research topic. He also serves as guest editor, track chair, and reviewer in different international conferences and scientific journals within the information systems field. %2 Luleå University of Technology Johanna Lindberg is a project manager and PhD candidate at Luleå university of technology who has more than 20 years of experience working with regional and local development in different subject areas. She has participated in the development of political goal management both from a researcher's perspective and from an official’s perspective. In short, she has worked to achieve the national political goals in several policy areas: environmental, gender equality, broadband, digitalization, culture, leisure, attractive sustainable growth, commercial service, payment service, and public health policy goals. %3 Luleå University of Technology Associate Prof. Mari Runardotter holds a PhD in Social Informatics from Luleå University of Technology. Her research focuses on social, societal and organizational effects of IT, primarily in the areas of digitalisation/digital transformation and service innovation. She use theories and methods for user engagement and involvement, that emphasize social, societal, cultural, organizational and gender aspects in the interaction between humans and information systems. %4 Luleå University of Technology Yomn Elmistikawy is a PHD candidate at Luleå university of technology. Her research focuses on the complexity of stakeholder involvement in the digital innovation process. She explores the roles stakeholders adopt, as well as, the interconnectedness and conflicts within these roles. She has participated in 5G related research projects focusing on the end user needs. She has experience in design science research and its use in designing solutions for information sharing during industrial crisis. %# Luleå University of Technology Anna Ståhlbröst is a chair professor in Information systems at Luleå University of Technology. Her research is focused on user engagement in innovation processes, with special interest in service innovation designed to create an added value for its users. Annas research is related to different application areas such as IT-use in everyday contexts, Smart Cities and Internet of Things. Anna has participated in numerous European and national innovation and research projects and she has been published in several scientific journals as well as in books and at conferences. %$ Luleå University of Technology Diana Chronéer is an Associate Professor in the Information Systems department at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden. Her main research interests are in the area of digital service innovation, business model development, information logistics, and project management. Her latest research project has been around designing for business value in collaboration platform development. %& 59 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1465 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2021 %T A Year Acquiring and Publishing Drone Aerial Images in Research on Agriculture, Forestry, and Private Urban Gardens %A Olli Niemitalo %A Eero Koskinen %A Jari Hyväluoma %A Esa Lientola %A Henrik Lindberg %A Olli Koskela %A Iivari Kunttu %X Drone imaging has been shown to have increasing value in monitoring and analysing different kinds of processes related to agriculture and forestry. In long-term monitoring and observation tasks, huge amounts of image data are produced and stored. Environmental drone image datasets may have value beyond the studies that produced the data. A collection of image datasets from multiple data producers can, for example, provide more diverse training input for a machine learning model for vegetation classification, compared with a single dataset limited in time and location. To ensure reproducible research, research data such as image datasets should be published in usable and undegraded form, with sufficient metadata. Timely storage in a stable research data repository is recommended, to avoid loss of data. This work presents research datasets of 2020 drone images acquired from agricultural and forestry research sites of Häme University of Applied Sciences, and from Hämeenlinna urban areas. Those images that do not contain personal data are made freely available under a Creative Commons Attribution license. For images containing personal data, such as images of private homes, privacy preserving forms of data sharing may be possible in the future. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 11 %P 5-16 %8 02/2021 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1418 %N 2 %1 HAMK Olli Niemitalo currently works as a data scientist at HAMK. He has a passion in open research and in development of data management practices. Olli has a BSc in biochemistry from Oulu University and a professional background in digital signal processing. %2 HAMK Eero Koskinen is in the last year of his forestry studies at HAMK. Eero has worked in forestry his whole life. During his studies at Evo he got hooked on learning more about GIS. The GIS and drone courses at Evo enabled him to get an internship at the HAMK Evo campus, during which he gathered and processed drone data, including the image datasets presented in this article. %3 Häme University of Applied Sciences Jari Hyväluoma currently works as a Principal Research Scientist at Häme University of Applied Sciences. He received a PhD in Applied Physics from the University of Jyväskylä in 2006. His research interests include soil structure, soil hydraulic properties, and organic soil amendments. %4 HAMK Henrik Lindberg (M.Sc., Forestry) is a senior lecturer in HAMK whose field is forest ecology and silviculture. In his research activities, he has focused especially on nature management, forest biodiversity, and forest restoration. %# HAMK Esa Lientola (Master of Natural Resources, Forestry) is a senior lecturer in forestry at HAMK, who specializes in remote sensing, forest planning, and GIS-applications of forestry. In recent years, he has concentrated particularly on developing the practical use of drones for the study of natural resources. %$ Häme University of Applied Sciences Olli Koskela is currently working as a research manager at Häme University of Applied Sciences with a data science team. His research areas include many bioeconomic processes, such as dairy production, feed quality management, and soil maintenance. He holds a Master of Science in applied mathematics from Helsinki University, and is currently finalizing his PhD thesis in the field of biomedical engineering at Tampere University. %] Häme University of Applied Sciences Iivari Kunttu holds a PhD in Information Technology from the Tampere University of Technology (TUT, 2005), a PhD in Economics (Management) from the University of Vaasa, Finland (2017), and M.A. in Education from Tampere University, Finland (2020). Currently he acts as Leading Research Scientist in Häme University of Applied Sciences. From 2012 to 2017, he held an Assistant Professor position in the Department of Management at the University of Vaasa. He has also held several R&D Manager and R&D Process Development specialist positions in the Nokia Corporation, and Project Manager positions in TUT. His current research interests include R&D and innovation management, data analysis, business development, as well as digital services. His works have been published in such international journals as Pattern Recognition Letters, Machine Vision Applications, Optical Engineering, Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, Annals of Long-term Care, Technovation, Industry and Innovation, and Technology Innovation Management Review. %& 5 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1418 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2020 %T Agile New Solution Development in Manufacturing Companies %A Tuomas Huikkola %A Marko Kohtamäki %K agile development %K innovation practices %K new service development (NSD) %K Open innovation %K servitization and digital servitization %K solution business %K solution development %X This conceptual paper proposes a new agile solution development model for technology and manufacturing companies. The flexible model consists of five key phases: 1) new idea screening, 2) idea nurturing, 3) conversion of ideas into "good enough" solutions, 4) solution productization, and 5) solution revamping. These phases are iterative by nature and follow partial stage model logic, hence combining elements of both the waterfall and agile methods. For technology and manufacturing companies, the new model presents a new way to consider ideas related to new product, service, process, and business model development. It is framed in contrast with older models that are typically product oriented, which potentially restrict companies in the ability to strategically renew themselves fast enough in turbulent product-service markets. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 10 %P 16-24 %8 03/2020 %G eng %N 3 %1 University of Vaasa Dr. Tuomas Huikkola is an Assistant Professor in the School of Management at the University of Vaasa. Huikkola’s research interests are related to (digital) servitization, strategic change, and firm’s strategic renewal in manufacturing companies. Huikkola has published in international journals such as Industrial Marketing Management, Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, and Research-Technology Management. %2 University of Vaasa Dr. Marko Kohtamäki is a Professor of Strategy at the University of Vaasa, and a Visiting Professor at the USN Business School, and Luleå University of Technology. Kohtamäki takes special interest in strategic practices, digital servitization, R&D and innovation, business models, and strategic alliances in technology companies. Kohtamäki has published in distinguished international journals such as Strategic Management Journal, International Journal of Operations and Production Management, Industrial Marketing Management, Long Range Planning, Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, International Journal of Production Economics, Technovation, and Journal of Business Research, amongst others. %& 16 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2020 %T Digitalization, Entrepreneurial Orientation and Internationalization of Micro-, Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises %A Annaële Hervé %A Christophe Schmitt %A Rico Baldegger %K digital entrepreneurship %K digitalization %K Entrepreneurial Orientaton %K international entrepreneurship %K MSMEs %X Nowadays, we are living in a digitally connected global economy that is completely transforming trade in foreign markets and exposing firms, particularly micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), to major changes and new opportunities. As the use of digital technologies is creating more fluidity and nonlinearity across time and space in entrepreneurial processes, our research adopted a conceptual process to investigate how the digital transformation of MSMEs will support decision-makers in international businesses. Based on a quantitative research design, we demonstrate that the more a company digitalizes its functions, the more it favours entrepreneurial behavior to lead successful strategic decisions in foreign markets. Our results are discussed in detail and we propose several ways to benefit from opportunities arising from the use of digital technologies. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 10 %P 5-17 %8 04/2020 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1343 %N 4 %1 Université de Lorraine Annaële Hervé is a PhD candidate at the Université de Lorraine. Her thesis addresses the research streams of digitalization and internationalization of MSMEs. She holds a Bachelor’s degree in Management as well as a Master degree in Entrepreneurship. She is also working part time at the research department of the School of Management Fribourg in Switzerland. Her main research interests are digital transformation of firms, digital business model as well as international entrepreneurship. %2 Université de Lorraine Prof. Christophe Schmitt is a Professor in Entrepreneurship at the Université de Lorraine (IAE de Metz and CEREFIGE), he holds the research Chair “Entreprendre”, and he is responsible for PeeL (the Lorraine Student Entrepreneurship Pole). He is also an Associate Professor at the Louvain School of Management in Belgium and at the School of Management Fribourg in Switzerland. His articles and books mostly concern the notion of value design and knowledge building for action as well as the development of entrepreneurial practices. %3 School of Management Fribourg Prof. Rico Baldegger is Director and Professor of Strategy, Innovation and Entrepreneurship at the School of Management Fribourg (HEG-FR), Switzerland. He has studied at the Universities of St. Gallen and Fribourg, Switzerland. His research activities concentrate on innovative start-ups, the entrepreneurial behavior of individuals and organizations, as well as the phenomenon of rapid-growth companies. He has published several books and articles and, since the beginning of the 1990s, he has been the manager of a business for company development. Moreover, he is a business angel and serial entrepreneur, as is demonstrated by the many companies he has created. %& 5 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1343 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2020 %T Internationalization and Digitalization: Applying digital technologies to the internationalization process of small and medium-sized enterprises %A Annaële Hervé %A Christophe Schmitt %A Rico Baldegger %K digital entrepreneurship %K digital technologies %K digitalization %K international business %K internationalization %K SMEs. %X Digitalization is playing an increasingly important role in the growth of firms and is leading to structural and strategic transformations. The use of digital technologies presents new opportunities for SMEs to expand and succeed in foreign markets. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the impact of digital technologies on the internationalization process of SMEs has been acknowledged in the literature. It offers an in-depth analysis of five of the most highly relevant recent scientific research papers. The findings are synthetized through key points that highlight how SMEs acting in foreign markets could benefit from digital technologies. This paper complements previous research on the international trade transition initiated by digital technologies and provides a new perspective on contemporary research regarding the internationalization of firms. It concludes by identifying implications for research by scholars seeking to further study the digital aspects of traditional theoretical models of internationalization. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 10 %P 29-41 %8 07/2020 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1373 %N 7 %1 Université de Lorraine Annaële Hervé is a PhD candidate at the Université de Lorraine. Her thesis addresses the research streams of digitalization and internationalization of MSMEs. She holds a Bachelor’s degree in Management as well as a Master degree in Entrepreneurship. She is also working part time at the research department of the School of Management Fribourg in Switzerland. Her main research interests are digital transformation of firms, digital business model as well as international entrepreneurship. %2 Université de Lorraine Prof. Christophe Schmitt is a Professor in Entrepreneurship at the Université de Lorraine (IAE de Metz and CEREFIGE), he holds the research Chair “Entreprendre”, and he is responsible for PeeL (the Lorraine Student Entrepreneurship Pole). He is also an Associate Professor at the Louvain School of Management in Belgium and at the School of Management Fribourg in Switzerland. His articles and books mostly concern the notion of value design and knowledge building for action as well as the development of entrepreneurial practices. %3 School of Management Fribourg Prof. Rico Baldegger is Director and Professor of Strategy, Innovation and Entrepreneurship at the School of Management Fribourg (HEG-FR), Switzerland. He has studied at the Universities of St. Gallen and Fribourg, Switzerland. His research activities concentrate on innovative start-ups, the entrepreneurial behavior of individuals and organizations, as well as the phenomenon of rapid-growth companies. He has published several books and articles and, since the beginning of the 1990s, he has been the manager of a business for company development. Moreover, he is a business angel and serial entrepreneur, as is demonstrated by the many companies he has created. %& 29 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1373 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2020 %T Is Porter's Five Forces Framework Still Relevant? A study of the capital/labour intensity continuum via mining and IT industries %A Diane Isabelle %A Kevin Horak %A Sarah McKinnon %A Chiara Palumbo %K internationalization %K IT industry %K mining industry %K Porter's Five Forces framework %K regulation %X Porter's Five Forces (P5F) framework, published in 1979, helps us to understand the attractiveness of an industry. The five competitive forces are: the threat of new entrants, the bargaining power of buyers, the bargaining power of suppliers, the threat of substitute products of services, and the rivalry among existing competitors. This framework has recently come under scrutiny and been called into question. To contribute to the debate, this paper investigates the relevance of Porter's framework by contrasting vastly different industries. The use cases consist of a resource-based, capital-intensive industry, the mining industry, and a knowledge-based, labor-intensive industry, the information technology industry. Drawing from research on Porter's Five Forces framework, and through an internationalization lens, the paper proposes a modified framework augmented with four additional forces. These additional forces are: the competitor's level of innovativeness, exposure to globalization, threat of digitalization, and industry exposure to de/regulation activities. These forces were added to capture the increased interconnectivity and complexity of businesses operating in the 21st century. The paper contributes to this body of knowledge by augmenting a popular framework and applying it to vital industrial sectors. The findings aim to incite researchers, managers, entrepreneurs and policymakers to go beyond the traditional five forces as a way to help monitor their business environment and enhance decision-making processes, particularly in a post-COVID-19 world. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 10 %P 28-41 %8 06/2020 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1366 %N 6 %1 Carleton University Dr. Isabelle is an Associate Professor of International Business. Her research focuses broadly on the areas of science, innovation and techno-entrepreneurship within a global context. Specifically, her research is organized around the following three inter-related themes: 1) International entrepreneurship & ecosystems, 2) Internationalization (International New Ventures and SMEs), 3) Global collaborative research and Science, Technology and Innovation policy. In addition to these themes, she is researching and publishing on Technology-integrated and international interdisciplinary experiential learning in higher education. Prior to joining Sprott in 2011, Dr. Isabelle worked in several senior executive roles related to science, technology and industrial research (Industrial Research Assistance Program - IRAP) at the National Research Council of Canada (NRC), the Government of Canada’s premier research and technology organization. She started her career as a project engineer for several multinational firms, including General Electric, Esso and Boeing Aerospace. %2 Carleton University Graduate Kevin Horak, B. International Business, Carleton University, is a supply chain planner at Martin-Brower of Canada Co. Fluent in Spanish, he spent a year abroad studying commerce and economics at the Universidad de Chile (Santiago). %3 Carleton University Graduate Sarah McKinnon, B. International Business, Carleton University, is an Associate with Tailwind Associates, a Calgary-based firm dedicated to launching innovative entrepreneurs. She is inspired by the work ethic and tenacity of the entrepreneurial spirit and supports preparing small businesses for growth and investment. Previously, she worked at Sampford Advisors, a firm facilitating mergers and acquisitions for mid-market Canadian technology companies. %4 Carleton University Graduate Chiara Palumbo is currently pursuing a Master of Science in Finance degree from Bocconi University, while working as Real Estate Investment Analyst for Italian company Generali Real Estate. She holds a Bachelor of Commerce (Finance) degree from Carleton University. Her past work experience includes investment banking at Lazard & Co. in Debt Capital Markets and equity research for the Sprott Student Investment Fund. %& 28 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1366 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2020 %T A Systematic Analysis of how Practitioners Articulate Business Models across Disruptive Industries %A Alina Marie Herting %A Alexander Lennart Schmidt %K business model components %K business models %K content analysis %K disruptive innovation %K industries %K secondary data %X Ongoing debates surround the role of business models in understanding the dynamics related to disruptive innovation. Too little is still known about how practitioners highlight different characteristics of business models across industries confronted with disruptive dynamics. This shortcoming in current debates hampers a better understanding of the context-dependent phenomenon of "disruption", ultimately limiting the development of adequate business strategies for incumbents and entrepreneurs alike. Consequently, we generated a systematic database of communicated business models from 1,095 relevant press releases and company reports published between 1995 and 2019. The business models from the retrieved articles were assigned to their corresponding industry using the Global Industry Categorization Standard (GICS) to allow for diverse categorization. Subsequently, we performed a deductive coding procedure, building on accepted business model component classifications. Our study contributes insights about relevant business model components, drawing on practitioner experiences in the face of disruptive dynamics. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 10 %P 29-42 %8 10/2020 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1394 %N 10 %1 University of Münster Alina Marie Herting is a master student of Business Administration at the University of Münster (WWU Münster) with a study focus in Marketing and Management and a research associate at the Science-to-Business Marketing Research Centre (S2BMRC) at the Münster University of Applied Science with a focus on disruptive innovation and business model innovation. %2 Science-to-Business Marketing Research Centre Alexander Lennart Schmidt is a research associate at the Science-to-Business Marketing Research Centre (S2BMRC), a lecturer for Marketing and Innovation management at the Münster School of Business at Münster University of Applied Sciences, and a PhD candidate in a cooperative PhD program at the Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam and Münster University of Applied Sciences. He is doing his PhD on the topic of innovation management while focusing on disruptive innovation and business model innovation. %& 29 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1394 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Applying a Living Lab Approach Within an eHealth Accelerator %A Lotta Haukipuro %A Satu Väinämö %A Leena Arhippainen %A Timo Ojala %K accelerator %K case study %K ehealth %K Living lab %K Open innovation %K SME %K startup %X Through this study, we seek to understand the impact of the use of the living lab approach on product and business development in an eHealth accelerator. In the case accelerator, 20 startups developed innovative products atop the European FIWARE Future Internet technology platform. The novel design element of the case accelerator was the use of the living lab approach that was included for the purpose of engaging end users in the development and testing of new product prototypes. Our main result is that the living lab approach provided added value to participating companies and resulted in changes in their product development and marketing strategies. Overall, the case accelerator and the use of the living lab approach had a significant impact on the development, growth, and market success of the companies. Based on the results of the case accelerator, we propose the generic accelerator model presented by Pauwels and co-authors in 2016 to be extended with a new design element, the living lab approach. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 6-19 %8 03/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1221 %N 3 %1 University of Oulu Lotta Haukipuro is a Coordinator of the project “Generation Z and Beyond: Co-Evolution of Human Capabilities and Intelligent Technologies in the 21st Century (GenZ)” in the Faculty of Humanities at the University of Oulu, Finland. She received her doctorate degree in 2019 from Oulu Business School. Her research has focused on user involvement through the living lab approach in different contexts. Since 2011, she has worked in several national and international RDI projects related to living labs and user involvement. %2 University of Oulu Satu Väinämö is a User Research Expert and Program Manager at the University of Oulu in Finland. She has comprehensive experience of leading international projects, managing and creating user interface designs, and defining innovation processes. Her career includes over 15 years in the ICT industry in several leadership and user-experience design positions. She has led more than 100 development activities within Oulu Urban Living Labs. She is currently in charge of establishing a Digital Health Knowledge Hub in Oulu. %3 University of Oulu Leena Arhippainen is a Postdoctoral Researcher and Teacher in the Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, INTERACT Research Unit at the University of Oulu, Finland. Leena received her Master’s degree in the Department of Information Processing Science at University of Oulu in 2002 and her PhD degree in 2009. Her research interests include user experience, UX methods, human-computer interaction, 3D user interfaces and virtual environments, user involvement, and living labs. %4 University of Oulu Timo Ojala is a Professor of Computer Science and Engineering and Director of the Center for Ubiquitous Computing at the University of Oulu, Finland. He obtained his doctorate degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Oulu in 1997. His research activities have included living lab studies of ubiquitous computing and virtual reality systems in real-world urban settings. He is a member of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1221 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Beyond the Hype: A Bibliometric Analysis Deconstructing Research on Digitalization %A Andrea Holand %A Silje Svadberg %A Karl Joachim Breunig %X The accelerating emergent field of research addressing digitalization and related topics is complex, unstructured and hyped. Consequently, both research and practice lack a rigorous foundation of prior published research to underpin and direct future exploration into the opportunities and challenges provided by these exciting new digital technologies. This study employed a bibliometric analysis to explore extant published research within the digitalization field. We identified key articles that have enabled us to distinguish between interrelated digitalization concepts. Subsequently, we propose a taxonomy with characteristics for different levels of digitalization. The taxonomy contributes dimensions that create different commercial and organizational opportunities and challenges at various levels. The taxonomy offers a vantage point for subsequent empirical and conceptual research to extend insights on related digitalization themes, and especially those related to innovation and strategy decisions on scalability, automation, channel selection and connectivity. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 48 %8 10/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1274 %N 10 %1

Columbus

Andrea Holand is a business consultant at the Norway office in the IT-consulting firm Columbus. Ms. Holand graduated with a MSc in Business Administration from Oslo Business School, Oslo Metropolitan University – OsloMet in 2019. The article “Beyond the Hype: A Bibliometric Analysis Deconstructing Research on Digitalization” is based on research for her masters dissertation conducted in collaboration with the research group on Digital Innovation and Strategic Competence in Organizations (DISCO), at Oslo Metropolitan University – OsloMet. Prior to enrolling into the graduate program at Oslo Business School Ms. Holand graduated with a BA in Business Administration in 2017 from the University of South-Eastern Norway with a specialization in innovation and entrepreneurship management.

%2

PA Consulting

Silje Svadberg is an analyst at PA Consulting in Norway. Ms Svadberg graduated with a MSc graduate in Business Administration at Oslo Business School, Oslo Metropolitan University – OsloMet in 2019. The article “Beyond the Hype: A Bibliometric Analysis Deconstructing Research on Digitalization” is based on research for her masters dissertation conducted in collaboration with the research group on Digital Innovation and Strategic Competence in Organizations (DISCO), at Oslo Metropolitan University – OsloMet. Prior to enrolling into the graduate program at Oslo Business School Ms. Svadberg graduated with a BA in Business Administration from Oslo Business School in 2017. In her bachelor thesis, she focused on digitalization of the financial sector. Ms. Svadberg has worked as an IT consultant for a Nordic Microsoft partner, responsible for financial applications, in parallel with full time enrolment and progress in the graduate program at Oslo Business School.

%3
Oslo Metropolitan University

Karl Joachim Breunig is a Full Professor of Strategic Management at the Oslo Business School, Oslo Metropolitan University – OsloMet, where he is heading the research group on Digital Innovation and Strategic Competence in Organizations (DISCO), at Oslo Metropolitan University – OsloMet. He received his Ph.D. from BI Norwegian Business School, and holds a MSc from London School of Economics. Prof. Breunig’s research concentrates on the interception of strategy- and innovation theory, and involves topics such as service- and business model innovation as well as digitalization in knowledge intensive firms.

%& 38 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1274 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Bridging Participatory Policy Trends and Research Traditions through Social Innovation %A Malin Lindberg %A Daniel Hallencreutz %A Anna Tengqvist %K action research %K co-creation %K innovation %K participatory research %K social innovation %X This study explores whether social innovation may serve as a bridge between participatory policy trends and research traditions when striving for improved societal relevance and impact of research and innovation (R&I). Despite their shared aim of relevance and impact through civic involvement, European R&I policies and participatory action research approaches seldom refer to each other or harness each other’s resources. The study advances the knowledge regarding how the participatory elements in the policies and research approaches relate through a participatory case study of a joint R&I process to develop a model for social innovation support in Sweden. The case study helps distinguish potential synergies between various degrees of involvement advocated in the policies and research approaches, as well as between the reliance on trending policy concepts vs. scientific notions of validity. Social innovation is perceived as a potential bridge between these elements, as it draws upon participatory academic traditions, while simultaneously tapping into current policy trends of co-creation, in the development of new approaches and solutions to societal challenges. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 27-36 %8 04/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1231 %N 4 %1 Luleå University of Technology Malin Lindberg is a Professor at Luleå University of Technology, Sweden, where he specializes in participatory action research, in which knowledge is developed jointly by researchers and societal stakeholders. Her main topic of interest is inclusive forms of innovation and organization, with specific focus on social innovation, participatory innovation, and sustainable development. She has published several studies on policies, support, and management of inclusive innovation and organization in international anthologies and journals, for example, the International Journal of Innovation Management, the International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development, the International Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation, and the European Public & Social Innovation Review. %2 WSP Daniel Hallencreutz is a Senior Consultant for WSP in Sweden. He specializes in participatory processes of regional development with a scholarly base in human geography. His main topic of interest is mechanisms of growth and societal change in clusters and innovation systems in various industrial and geographical contexts. His PhD thesis scrutinized growth patterns in Swedish clusters of design-intensive and cultural-products industries, such as multimedia, fashion, and music. He has managed several participatory evaluation processes of regional and national clusters and innovation systems, for example, in the European Regional Development Fund. %3 WSP Anna Tengqvist is a Senior Consultant for WSP in Sweden. She specializes in participatory processes of social sustainability, equality management, and gender mainstreaming. One of her main topics of interest is social innovation development and support, and in this area she has managed several co-creative evaluations of multi-actor platforms and projects on regional level. She has also managed several participatory model development processes for gender equality, equal opportunities, intersectionality, and accessibility in the private, public, and nonprofit sectors. This work includes the development of a European standard for gender mainstreaming in the European Social Fund. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1231 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Choosing an Outlet for Action Research: Publication Patterns in Innovation Journals %A Magnus Hoppe %K action research %K bibliography %K case study %K innovation %K journals %K participative %K participatory action research %X With the aim to help innovation researchers choose outlets for articles based on participatory and action research methods, this article describes and discusses publication patterns of action research. A bibliographic study of 33 innovation journals ranked 4, 3, 2, and 1 in the 2018 Academic Journal Guide is complemented by a case study of this journal, the Technology Innovation Management Review, as an example of an established open access journal in the field with a wider scope and target group. From these two studies, we learn that the overall trend is towards more publications of action research articles in a diversity of outlets. Indirectly, the study supports the general view that articles striving towards adding practical relevance to research are becoming more frequent. There is no support for the notion that more renowned and higher-ranked journals would be more hesitant to accept articles with action research methods. The study also notes that there are interesting outlets beside those highly ranked and indexed in more conventional ways. The conclusion reached is that we lack a clear answer to the question of what are the best outlets for those of us who are interested in both innovation and action research. Instead, the study invites us to reflect upon what kind of impact we want to have and then act accordingly. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 66-77 %8 04/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1234 %N 4 %1 Mälardalen University Magnus Hoppe is an Associate Professor at the School of Economics, Society and Engineering at Mälardalen University, Sweden. At the university, he is member of the Faculty Board, and leads processes for collaborative research in sustainable development. Magnus holds a PhD in Business Administration from Åbo Akademi University in Finland, where he presented his thesis on organized intelligence work in modern organizations. His current research concerns both private and public organizations and spans intelligence, entrepreneurship, and innovation. A special research interest lies in questioning dominating perspectives that bind our understanding of specific topics, and he now works to establish new ways of talking and thinking about innovation. His aim is to help organizations build new insights that will enhance their ideation processes and strategy building and, thereby, improve their innovative capabilities. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1234 %0 Map %D 2019 %T Connected Health Innovation: Data Access Challenges in the Interface of AI Companies and Hospitals %A Laura Kemppainen %A Minna Pikkarainen %A Pia Hurmelinna-Laukkanen %A Jarmo Reponen %K artificial intelligence %K connected health %K Data access %K data management %K governance %K information mobility %K innovation %K orchestration %K patient- centered %X The purpose of this paper is to explore the challenges and potential solutions regarding data access for innovation in the realm of connected health. Theoretically, our study combines insights from data management and innovation network orchestration studies, taking thereby a new approach into issues that have emerged in these research streams. Empirically, we study these issues in the context of a development endeavor involving an AI-driven surgery journey solution in collaboration with hospitals and companies. Our study indicates that the challenges and solutions in data access can be categorised according to the level where they emerge: individual, organisational, and institutional. Depending on the level, the challenges require solutions to be searched from different categories. While solutions are generally still scarce, organizational level solutions seem The purpose of this paper is to explore the challenges and potential solutions regarding data access for innovation in the realm of connected health. Theoretically, our study combines insights from data management and innovation network orchestration studies, taking thereby a new approach into issues that have emerged in these research streams. Empirically, we study these issues in the context of a development endeavor involving an AI-driven surgery journey solution in collaboration with hospitals and companies. Our study indicates that the challenges and solutions in data access can be categorised according to the level where they emerge: individual, organisational, and institutional. Depending on the level, the challenges require solutions to be searched from different categories. While solutions are generally still scarce, organizational level solutions seem to hold wide-ranging potential in addressing many challenges. By discussing these dynamics, this paper provides new knowledge for academics and practitioners on the challenges and solutions for data access and management in networked contexts. The greatest challenges among healthcare providers and health technology companies lay on uncertainties and interpretations concerning regulation, data strategy, and guidelines. Creating guidelines for data use and access in a hospital can be a first step to creating connected health innovations in collaboration with AI companies. For their part, these companies need to put effort into gaining in-depth knowledge and understanding of the processes and standards in healthcare context. Our paper is one of the first to combine data management and innovation network orchestration literatures, and to provide empirical evidence on data access related issues in this setting.to hold wide-ranging potential in addressing many challenges. By discussing these dynamics, this paper provides new knowledge for academics and practitioners on the challenges and solutions for data access and management in networked contexts. The greatest challenges among healthcare providers and health technology companies lay on uncertainties and interpretations concerning regulation, data strategy, and guidelines. Creating guidelines for data use and access in a hospital can be a first step to creating connected health innovations in collaboration with AI companies. For their part, these companies need to put effort into gaining in-depth knowledge and understanding of the processes and standards in healthcare context. Our paper is one of the first to combine data management and innovation network orchestration literatures, and to provide empirical evidence on data access related issues in this setting. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 43-55 %8 12/2019 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1291 %N 12 %1 University of Oulu M.Sc. Laura Kemppainen is a Doctoral Candidate at Martti Ahtisaari Institute of Global Business and Economics at the AACSB accredited Oulu Business School, Finland. She holds a M.Sc. in Marketing from Oulu Business School. Laura's research interests include platform business models, human-centered personal data management, digital innovations and value creation. In her doctoral dissertation, the aim is to build understanding about the creation, capture and co-creation of value in the emerging data- and platform-driven ecosystems through the lens of service-dominant logic of marketing. %2 VTT Technical Research Centre & University of Oulu Minna Pikkarainen, is a joint Connected Health professor of VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland and University of Oulu / Oulu Business School, Martti Ahtisaari Institute and Faculty of Medicine. As a professor of connected health Minna is doing on multidisciplinary research on innovation management, service networks and business models in the context of connected health service co-creation. Professor Pikkarainen has extensive record of external funding, her research has been published large amount of journal and conference papers e.g. in the field of innovation management, software engineering and information systems. During 2006-2012 Professor Minna Pikkarainen has been working as a researcher in Lero, the Irish software engineering research centre, researcher in Sirris, collective “centre of the Belgian technological industry” and business developer in Institute Mines Telecom, Paris and EIT (European Innovation Technology) network in Paris and Helsinki. Her key focus areas as a business developer has been in healthcare organizations. Previously, Minna’s research has been focused on the areas of agile development, software innovation and variability management. %3 University of Oulu Dr. Pia Hurmelinna is a Professor of Marketing, especially International Business at the Oulu Business School, University of Oulu, and an Adjunct Professor (Knowledge Management) at the Lappeenranta University of Technology, School of Business and Management. She has published over 70 refereed articles in journals such as Journal of Product Innovation Management, Industrial and Corporate Change, Industrial Marketing Management, International Business Review, R&D Management, and Technovation. She has contributed to book chapters, over 160 conference papers, and other scientific and managerial publications. She is a member of editorial boards of, e.g., Industrial Marketing Management and Journal of Innovation Management. She also has been serving as a quest editor and a reviewer for many journals and conferences. Most of her research has involved innovation management and appropriability issues, including examination of different knowledge protection and value capturing mechanisms. The research covers varying contexts like internationalization and inter-organizational collaboration. %4 University of Oulu Jarmo Reponen, MD, PhD, Radiologist and Professor of Practice in Health Information Systems at Research Group of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology (MIPT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland. He has more than 30 years of experience in implementing and teaching the usage of digital systems in health care environment. His current research focus is on assessment of hospital information systems from a clinical perspective, including studies of user experience, decision support systems and artificial intelligence. %& 43 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1291 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Digital User Involvement in a Multi-Context Living Lab Environment %A Lotta Haukipuro %A Satu Väinämö %K Digital user involvement %K living lab. %K user community %X This article provides new knowledge on the long-term use and value of a digital user involvement tool as a part of a living lab particularly in ICT, health and public service development contexts. Research has been carried out within the authentic living lab environment in 2011–2018. Empirical evidence is gathered from case living lab digital user involvement platform and activities conducted in multiple contexts. The primary source of information are the 70 in-depth interviews with the customer companies, public organizations and other stakeholders. The digital user community and user involvement tool-specific value for the development of products and services are a fast, easy and efficient user involvement regardless of time and location, tailored online methods based on the need of the customer, and the richness and quality of the end-user feedback. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 27-37 %8 10/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1273 %N 10 %1
University of Oulu
 
Lotta Haukipuro, D.Sc (Econ. & Bus. Adm.) coordinates the multidisciplinary Generation Z and beyond: Co-evolution of human capabilities and intelligent technologies in the 21st century (GenZ) project (2018-2022) at the University of Oulu. She received her Dr. degree in 2019 at Oulu Business School. Her research interests lie in the area of living labs, co-creation and user-centric development of products and services. She has worked in several national and international RDI projects.
%2
University of Oulu
 
Satu Väinämö, M. Sc. (Tech.), has comprehensive experience of leading international projects, creating user experience (UX) and service designs as well as defining and managing innovation processes.  Her career includes over 15 years in ICT industry in several leadership and UX design positions. Her tasks included e.g. creating smartphone UIs which were used in more than 500 million phones. Recently she coordinated 7,8 MEUR EU project, which accelerated European SMEs and startups to co-develop innovative application and businesses in eHealth market.  During the last seven years in University of Oulu she has led 100+ development activities within Oulun Urban Living Labs, where she oversaw innovation and living lab related projects. Currently, she is working at Centre for Health and Technology (CHT) at University of Oulu, where she is responsible of development of Digihealth Hub and its ecosystem collaboration.
%& 27 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1273 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Editorial: Action Research (April 2019) %A Chris McPhee %A Magnus Hoppe %A Erik Lindhult %K action research %K innovation %K participative %K participatory research %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 3-6 %8 04/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1228 %N 4 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada. He has nearly 20 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Mälardalen University Magnus Hoppe is an Associate Professor at the School of Economics, Society and Engineering at Mälardalen University, Sweden. At the university, he is member of the Faculty Board and leads processes for collaborative research in sustainable development. Magnus holds a PhD in Business Administration from Åbo Akademi University in Finland, where he presented his thesis on organized intelligence work in modern organizations. His current research concerns both private and public organizations and spans intelligence, entrepreneurship, and innovation. A special research interest lies in questioning dominating perspectives that bind our understanding of specific topics, and he now works to establish new ways of talking and thinking about innovation. His aim is to help organizations build new insights that will enhance their ideation processes and strategy building and, thereby, improve their innovative capabilities. %3 Mälardalen University Erik Lindhult (Ph.D.) is a Senior Lecturer in Innovation Management and Entrepreneurship at Mälardalen University in Sweden. He received his doctoral degree in Industrial Management from the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, in the area of Scandinavian dialogue democratic approach to innovation and action research. His main area of research is participatory, collaborative, and democratic innovation and change management, as well as entrepreneurship for a sustainable development of society. His research interests also involve collaborative research methodologies, including action research and interactive research. He has been involved in a wide range of collaborative R&D projects in the private, public, and cooperative sectors, in areas such as organizational development, incubator and science park development, service innovation, societal entrepreneurship, sustainable innovation, and school development. He is a board member of the Swedish Participatory Action Research Society (SPARC) and the Swedish Interactive Research Association (SIRA), as well as an expert advisor to the EU SWAFS Horizon 2020 research committee. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1228 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Editorial: Action Research (May 2019) %A Chris McPhee %A Magnus Hoppe %A Erik Lindhult %K action research %K innovation %K participative %K participatory research %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 3-5 %8 05/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1236 %N 5 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada. He has nearly 20 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Mälardalen University Magnus Hoppe is an Associate Professor at the School of Economics, Society and Engineering at Mälardalen University, Sweden. At the university, he is member of the Faculty Board and leads processes for collaborative research in sustainable development. Magnus holds a PhD in Business Administration from Åbo Akademi University in Finland, where he presented his thesis on organized intelligence work in modern organizations. His current research concerns both private and public organizations and spans intelligence, entrepreneurship, and innovation. A special research interest lies in questioning dominating perspectives that bind our understanding of specific topics, and he now works to establish new ways of talking and thinking about innovation. His aim is to help organizations build new insights that will enhance their ideation processes and strategy building and, thereby, improve their innovative capabilities. %3 Mälardalen University Erik Lindhult (Ph.D.) is a Senior Lecturer in Innovation Management and Entrepreneurship at Mälardalen University in Sweden. He received his doctoral degree in Industrial Management from the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, in the area of Scandinavian dialogue democratic approach to innovation and action research. His main area of research is participatory, collaborative, and democratic innovation and change management, as well as entrepreneurship for a sustainable development of society. His research interests also involve collaborative research methodologies, including action research and interactive research. He has been involved in a wide range of collaborative R&D projects in the private, public, and cooperative sectors, in areas such as organizational development, incubator and science park development, service innovation, societal entrepreneurship, sustainable innovation, and school development. He is a board member of the Swedish Participatory Action Research Society (SPARC) and the Swedish Interactive Research Association (SIRA), as well as an expert advisor to the EU SWAFS Horizon 2020 research committee. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1236 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Editorial: Living Labs (March 2019) %A Chris McPhee %A Anna Ståhlbröst %A Abdolrasoul Habibipour %A Mari Runardotter %A Diana Chronéer %K accelerators %K business models %K frameworks %K innovation %K living labs %K Open innovation %K stakeholders %K sustainability %K tools %K UN Sustainable Development Goals %K urban living labs %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 3-5 %8 03/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1220 %N 3 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada. He has nearly 20 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Luleå University of Technology Anna Ståhlbröst is the Chair Professor in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology, Sweden. Her research interests focus on the possibilities and challenges with the ongoing digital transformation for people, organizations, and society. In particular, she is interested in the citizen perspective when digital service innovations are developed within the context of urban living labs for smart cities and regions. Her research is related to different application areas such as smart cities and regions, crowdsourcing, everyday use, and online privacy. Her research has been published in several international journals, conference proceedings, and books. %3 Luleå University of Technology Abdolrasoul Habibipour is a PhD student in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden and is a User Engagement Expert at Botnia Living Lab, Sweden. His research focuses on user engagement in living lab context, with a particular emphasis on users’ motivations and needs. Abdolrasoul has experience teaching and supervising students at the undergraduate and postgraduate level and also serves as a reviewer in various international conferences and scientific journals. He has been involved in international innovation and research projects such as Privacy Flag and USEMP projects and is currently working in UNaLab and U4IoT projects, all of which are financed by the European Commission. %4 Luleå University of Technology Mari Runardotter is a PhD in Social Informatics from the Luleå University of Technology. Since 2009 she has been working as Senior Lecturer, at the division Computer Science, at Luleå University of Technology. Her research focuses on social, societal and organizational effects of IT, primarily in the area of e-government and e-governance. She is also interested in issues related to availability and accessibility of cultural heritage materials. In her research Runardotter uses theories and methods that emphasize social, societal, cultural, organizational and gender aspects in the interaction between humans and information systems. %# Luleå University of Technology Diana Chronéer is an Associate Professor in the Information Systems department at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden. She teaches organizational development through IT and sustainable business models from a digital perspective. Her main research interests are in the areas of digital service innovation, business model development, information logistics, and project management. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1220 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Employee-Driven Innovation: An Intervention Using Action Research %A Mats Holmquist %A Anna Johansson %K development %K dialogue %K ideas %K learning %K organizational innovation %X This article describes an intervention to design and test a method for employee-driven innovation and a model for learning among managers and development leaders. The empirical basis for the intervention focused on personal assistants in the home service within a municipality in Sweden. The intervention was carried out using action research in on a series of workshops with a group of employees, managers, development leaders. Using a “stage” and “stands” theatre metaphor, employees engaged in collective, innovative learning “on the stage” combined with observations and reflections from managers and development leaders “in the stands”. This article contributes a method that can generate creative ideas among the employees and a model that can stimulate experience-based learning through observations. The intervention also shows that action research can be used to develop and test methods and models. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 44-53 %8 05/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1240 %N 5 %1 Halmstad University Mats Holmquist has a background in Sociology and is now Associate Professor in Work Science at Halmstad University in Sweden. At the university, he has been working with a multi-disciplinary research group on innovation with a societal perspective for many years and is now working with a newly started multi-disciplinary research group on sustainable work environments and health. His doctoral thesis was about learning networks as a social support in the development process and was presented at Luleå Technological University in 2010. His research focus is on learning, innovation, and sustainability in development processes in and between organizations. Currently, his research covers social entrepreneurs, social innovations, and social enterprises; project work and effects; local innovation system; as well as health innovation. %2 Halmstad University Anna Johansson is a Lecturer at Halmstad University in Sweden. She holds a master’s degree in Work Science from Gothenburg University, and her thesis was on motives for working with gender within elderly care in the public sector. Currently, she is teaching in organizational change, work organization, and work environments. She is particularly interested in organizational change in public organizations. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1240 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Exploring Participation Needs and Motivational Requirements When Engaging Older Adults in an Emerging Living Lab %A Tiziana C. Callari %A Louise Moody %A Janet Saunders %A Gill Ward %A Nikki Holliday %A Julie Woodley %K family views %K Living lab %K motivation to participate %K older adults %K research participation %K user expectations %K user needs %X There is a growing body of literature regarding living labs, which are seen as an effective way to develop and evaluate research for novel products and services with the actual end users. With growth in the living labs model, there is an increasing need for guidelines to steer and support the set-up and maintenance of initiatives, and to facilitate relationships and engagement with stakeholders and users in this context. This study seeks to address this need, in part, by exploring the needs, expectations, and motivations that older adults have in relation to research participation in an emerging living lab. This work is part of a wider research project to develop an integrated framework to guide emerging living labs. Eight semi-structured interviews were undertaken with six residents and two family members from two residential settings for older adults that were collaborating to establish a living lab environment. A concept-driven coding frame supported the coding and analysis of the interview transcripts. The results provide insights in relation to participant motivation to take part in research, and they identify some issues of concern for participants, both residents and family members, related to living lab initiatives. As a first step in developing a successful living lab culture of collaborative research, this study has demonstrated that open discussion with residents and their families should continue to guide processes and research design as the emerging living lab initiative continues. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 38-49 %8 03/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1223 %N 3 %1 Coventry University Tiziana C. Callari is a Human Factors Researcher at Coventry University in England. She has an interest in the organizational and cognitive processes of living and working environments. Within the Centre for Arts, Memory and Communities at Coventry University, she is involved in projects that seek to improve the quality of life/work of targeted users by incorporating ergonomics principles in the design of products, services, and processes. Methodologically, she has a deep knowledge of the use of qualitative research strategy approaches. %2 Coventry University Louise Moody is Professor of Health Design and Human Factors in the Centre for Arts, Memory and Communities at Coventry University in England. Her research is focused on the development of products, interventions, and services to benefit health and wellbeing. With a background in Psychology and Human Factors, she employs a range of research methods as well as art-based approaches to ensure that new products, systems, services, and interventions are functional as well as being desirable and acceptable to end users and stakeholders. %3 Coventry University Janet Saunders is a specialist in user research and user centred design, with extensive experience in e-commerce and several projects as a Research Assistant with Coventry University in England. Her background includes qualitative research for user needs and digital information design, such as usability testing, co-creation, focus groups, and interviews, with an additional interest in diverse groups such as people with disabilities, people with learning difficulties, and older people. %4 Royal College of Occupational Therapists Gillian Ward is a Visiting Professor at Coventry University in England. Her research interests include the design and user experience of assistive and digital health technologies. She is the Research and Development Manager at the Royal College of Occupational Therapists. %# Coventry University Nikki Holliday is a Researcher in the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences at Coventry University in England, where she specializes in informing assisted living technology design via multi-stakeholder involvement, using techniques such as co-creation, co-production, usability studies, focus groups and interviews, and rapid prototyping. She is experienced in exploring health and wellbeing technology perceptions and design with service users, carers, and a wide range of health and social care staff, and running user-focused co-creation activities and projects. %$ University of West England Julie Woodley is a Senior Lecturer in Diagnostic Imaging at the University of West England in Bristol, where she specializes in research and healthcare ethics. She is also the Chair of Central Bristol’s NHS Research Ethics Committee. She is experienced in the ethical dilemmas associated with new technologies and the setting up of complex research projects. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1223 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Giving Science Innovation Systems a 'Nudge' %A Kirsty de Jong %A Urs Daellenbach %A Sally Davenport %A Jarrod Haar %A Shirley Leitch %K behavioural economics %K behavioural science %K choice architecture %K innovation policy %K mission-led science %K research impact. %X In this article we consider the role that contextual factors play in science innovation systems – that is, the choice architecture, that influences the orientation and outcomes of publicly-funded research. More specifically, we examine how choice architects, particularly policymakers and funding administrators, can affect the decision-making behaviour of researchers. The context for today’s science innovation systems continues to shift as governments seek solutions to the world’s “grand societal challenges”, such as climate change and ageing populations, in addition to greater and more demonstrable impact from funded research. This means that the assumptions of “basic research [being] performed without thought of practical ends” (Bush, 1945) that have shaped such projects, actually run counter to the growing expectations of greater commercialisation and use of multidisciplinary mission-led approaches. We argue that a closer examination of the choice architecture for publicly-funded research is required to understand and address how these potentially conflicting objectives may be pursued most productively through interventions that could form the basis of a novel, behaviourally-based toolkit for science innovation policy. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 51-61 %8 10/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1275 %N 10 %1

Victoria Business School

Kirsty de Jong is an early career researcher in the ‘Science for Technological Innovation’ National Science Challenge based out of the Victoria Business School in Wellington, New Zealand. Her research focuses on the behavioural aspects of the 30+ “high risk and reward” Seed projects and the larger Rangatahi (youth-led) Spearhead project involved in the Challenge. Prior to joining the Challenge, Kirsty was with The Behavioural Insights Team - a social purpose research company who advise on, and redesign public services using behavioural science. She has a Master’s in Museum and Heritage Practice from Victoria University of Wellington.

 

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Victoria University of Wellington

Urs Daellenbach is a Reader in Management at Victoria University of Wellington’s business school. His research interests have focused on value creation and capture, drawing on the resource-based view of the firm, with specific emphasis on contexts associated with strategic decision making for R&D and innovation. He has published in leading journals including Strategic Management Journal; R&D Management; Long Range Planning; Industrial & Corporate Change; and the Journal of Management Studies and Strategic Organization. With Dr Katharina Ruckstuhl, he is a co-Leader of the Building New Zealand’s Innovation Capacity Spearhead in the Science for Technological Innovation National Science Challenge.

%3
Victoria University Business School 
 
Sally Davenport is a Professor of Management at Victoria University Business School. On the strength of her research into sustainable collective productivity in New Zealand firms, she was appointed a Commissioner at the New Zealand Productivity Commission in 2011. Professor Davenport’s publications include topics such as technology management; strategic discourse; R&D management and science; and public policy. She has led large research grants covering projects on competitive advantage in NZ firms, and sustainability and firm-level productivity in NZ’s biotechnology and food and beverage sectors. Professor Davenport is now the Director of the Science for Technological Innovation National Science Challenge.
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Auckland University of Technology

Professor Jarrod Haar (PhD) is of Ngati Maniapoto/Ngati Mahuta descent and is a Professor of Human Resource Management at AUT in New Zealand. His research includes (1) work-life balance; (2) indigenous (Maori) and minority employees, (3) leaders and followers; (4) wellbeing, and (5) entrepreneurship and R&D. Professor Haar is a world-class ranked researcher; has won Industry and best-paper awards; research grants (Marsden, FRST) and is currently on a National Science Challenge (Science for Technological Innovation) and a Marsden Grant (Living Wage). He has over 375 refereed outputs (91 articles) and convenes the NZ Marsden Fund panel on Economics and Human Behaviour.

%#
Australian National University

Professor Shirley Leitch holds a Professorial Fellowship at the ANU Australian Studies Institute. Much of her research has focused on science-society engagement in relation to controversial science and technology. Her publications include the book, Social Media and Public Relations: Fake Friends and Powerful Publics which received the 2016 US National Communication Association PRIDE Award for best book. Professor Leitch’s research teams have received more than $5m in national competitive grants across Australasia. She co-founded the successful, education technology company, Online Education Services (OES) in partnership with SEEK which was recognised as Australia's fastest growing company in the BRW Fast 100 in 2015.

%& 51 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1275 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Innovation Management in Living Lab Projects: The Innovatrix Framework %A Dimitri Schuurman %A Aron-Levi Herregodts %A Annabel Georges %A Olivier Rits %K assumption %K business modelling %K Innovation management %K living labs %K testing %K user research %K validation %X Despite living labs being described as “orchestrators” and innovation intermediaries, there is scant literature providing concrete guidelines and tools for living lab practitioners on the topic of project-related innovation management. To address this need, we propose Innovatrix, an innovation management framework built upon existing business model and innovation management tools and frameworks and iterated based on practical experience in living lab projects. In this article, we illustrate the added value of the proposed framework through three practical case studies that lead to three propositions regarding innovation management in living lab projects. First, Innovatrix helps to scope the user involvement activities, which leads to greater efficiency and faster decision making. Second, Innovatrix forces the project owner to focus on a limited number of customer segments, which increases the speed of learning as the scarce entrepreneurial resources are dedicated to a limited number of segments. Third, Innovatrix allows practitioners to capture the iterations and pivots that were made during an innovation project, which helps to link specific outcomes with certain living lab activities. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 63-73 %8 03/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1225 %N 3 %1 imec.livinglabs Dimitri Schuurman is the Team Lead of the Business model and User Research Team at imec.livinglabs. He holds a PhD and a Master’s degree in Communication Sciences from Ghent University in Belgium. Together with his imec colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at entrepreneurs in which he has managed over 100 innovation projects. He is also active in the International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM) and in the European Network of Living Labs (ENoLL) as a living labs specialist. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. %2 imec.livinglabs Aron-Levi Herregodts is an Innovation Manager at imec.livinglabs. He holds Master’s degrees in Communication Sciences (2013) and Complementary Business Economics (2014). He is the imec.livinglabs product owner of Innovatrix and applies this methodological approach on a day-to-day basis to a wide-variety of innovation projects. %3 imec.livinglabs Annabel Georges is an Innovation Manager at imec.livinglabs. Within this “living-lab-as-a-service” she conducts user research to structurally support innovation development for SMEs. Next to this, she is also involved in several smart city projects. Her main research topics are drop-out and user engagement within field tests and working on the processes of current living lab practices. Annabel holds a Master’s degree in Communication Sciences with a specialization in New Media and Society from Ghent University. %4 imec.livinglabs Olivier Rits is Program Manager at imec.livinglabs. He holds a Master’s degree in Applied Physics (Engineering) from Ghent University in Belgium. Previously, Olivier worked as a business developer for Alcatel-Lucent, where he was involved with many different technologies, and for the research group SMIT, where he was responsible for the business modelling practice in the context of SME living lab innovation projects. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1225 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Live and Let Die: On the Management of Creativity %A Michael Hartmann %A Désirée Laubengaier %A Kai Foerstl %K case study %K creativity %K Feedback %K Innovation management %K Qualitative Research. %X Literature has pointed to the importance of feedback on creative ideas in innovation management processes. However, little is known about the practices that constitute the feedback process and their effect on employees’ future willingness to consistently and recurrently contribute with creative ideas to organized innovation management efforts. In this research, we draw on data from a single case study at a German multinational manufacturing firm. We show the flip side of managerial attempts to provide feedback and foster employees’ creative output. In particular, we identify distinct practices organizational actors employ along the sequence of idea generation, elaboration, championing, and implementation, and find that the practices can turn organized innovation management efforts into a political process. Furthermore, we present a virtuous and a vicious circle of managerial attempts to manage creativity in innovation processes. In doing so, we highlight the value of taking a practice lens to better understand the challenges in organized innovation management efforts and propose future research in other contexts. We suggest that managers should flexibly design organized innovation management processes to account for radical ideas and to pay close attention to a coherent communication when providing feedback and encouraging employees to contrive creative ideas. Our work contributes to the body of research on innovation management by shedding light on the dark side of organized innovation management efforts. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 16-26 %8 10/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1272 %N 10 %1
Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts
 
Michael Hartmann is Professor for Industrial Marketing and Sales at Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Germany. He received his PhD from European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder), Germany, where he joined the doctoral program „Dynamic Capabilitites and Relationships“. Before entering academia, he has been working in industry as a Key Account Manager and Business Unit Manager. In his teaching, he focuses on (industrial) marketing and personal selling. His research interest centers around the management and marketing of creative ideas and innovations in business-to-business settings and personal selling interactions.
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Politecnico di Milano
 
Désirée Laubengaier holds a Master of Science degree in Business Management from Julius-Maximilians-University of Wuerzburg, Germany. At present, she is pursuing her doctoral studies at the Politecnico di Milano, Italy. Her research interests are in the fields of innovation management, process innovation and organizational culture. She is also particularly interested in qualitative research and process studies. Her previous professional experience includes examining organizational cultural aspects of innovativeness in an industrial context.
%3
German Graduate School of Management and Law
 
Kai Foerstl (Dr. rer. pol. habil., EBS Business School) is Professor of Supply Chain Management and Logistics at German Graduate School of Management and Law, Heilbronn. In his research and teaching he focuses on cross-functional supply chain teams, reshoring/insourcing and sustainable global sourcing. He has been involved in publicly funded and industrial research projects in the pharmaceutical, chemical, automotive and automation industries as well as research projects involving logistics service providers and international retailers. His research has been published in leading outlets such as Journals of Supply Chain Management, Journal of Business Ethics, International Journal of Operations and Production Management, and other scholarly and managerial outlets such as Supply Chain Management Review. He serves on numerous editorial review boards as associate editor and reviewer.
%& 16 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1272 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Open Data and Open Source Enabling Smart City Development: A Case Study in Häme Region %A Jari Jussila %A Joni Kukkamäki %A Mikko Mäntyneva %A Juuso Heinisuo %K Smart city, %X Open data offers possibilities to accelerate both innovations and co-creation activities in cities and regions. Likewise, open source software development is an efficient way to create new services. Open data can be used to promote better information sharing and offers various opportunities for third-party developers. Co-creation improves the commitment of different stakeholders and ensures that the created solutions are based on real needs. For these reasons, it is only logical that these two themes are linked together in smart city activities. This paper presents a practical open data and co-creation development made in the region of Häme, Finland. This paper contributes to smart cities research by describing the development of two smart city services: the Tavastia Events API and "Hämeenlinna in pocket" smartphone application. It describes strategies that facilitate beneficial participation and collaboration in smart city open data initiatives. Based on Linked Events, an open source solution developed for the city of Helsinki, modification and implementation were made to create a centralized and open service, to collect and publish event-related data via an application programming interface (API) in the Häme region. A smartphone application was then developed, making use of the developed Events API and other data sources, to provide citizens with the most common digital services, and a platform for digital participation in Häme. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 26-35 %8 09/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1266 %N 9 %1
Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK)
Dr. Jari Jussila holds a PhD degree in Information and Knowledge Management from Tampere University of Technology (TUT, 2015). Currently he is working as Principal Research Scientist at HAMK Smart Research Unit. His research is currently focused on knowledge management, business intelligence, social media, big social data analytics, and health informatics. 
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Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK)
Mr. Joni Kukkamäki is a Research Manager in the HAMK Smart Research Unit. He runs the DISP (Digital Solutions & Platforms) team whose role is to provide technology-based research & development activities for the needs of HAMK Research and also for industry. Focus areas for the team are software development, Internet of Things, game engines, and data analytics. Kukkamäki holds a Bachelor of Business Administration (IT) degree and is currently working for his M.Sc (Computer Science) at Tampere University.
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Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK)

Dr. Mikko Mäntyneva holds a PhD degree in Strategic Management from Tampere University of Technology (TUT, 2004). Currently he is the Principal Research Scientist at Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK). His research is currently focused on smart services, innovation management, knowledge management, and customer relationship management. He has authored several scientific articles as well as six books on various management topics.

Dr. Juuso Heinisuo holds a PhD degree from the Faculty of Business and Built Environment of Tampere University of Technology (TUT, 2013). Currently he is the Strategy Manager for the City of Hämeenlinna. His work is currently focused on knowledge management, ecosystems, data analytics, strategy, and urban planning. His works have been recognized in such international communities as TED. 
Acknowledgments 
The financial support from the Regional Council of Häme is gratefully acknowledged.
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City of Hämeenlinna
Dr. Juuso Heinisuo holds a PhD degree from the Faculty of Business and Built Environment of Tampere University of Technology (TUT, 2013). Currently he is the Strategy Manager for the City of Hämeenlinna. His work is currently focused on knowledge management, ecosystems, data analytics, strategy, and urban planning. His works have been recognized in such international communities as TED. 
 
%& 26 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1266 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Open Strategy in a Smart City %A Suvi Einola %A Marko Kohtamäki %A Harri Hietikko %X To attract new companies and a talented workforce in a way that increases income streams, cities are searching for strategic capabilities by using a variety of strategic practices. The present study participates in the theoretical debate between micro- and macro-strategizing by focusing on the interplay between the city organization and its institutional environment. As such, the study elucidates the open strategy process used in the strategy work of a medium-sized city in Finland. To make the strategy work open and encourage citizens’ participation, the city decided to utilize crowdsourcing as a tool that was part of a broader strategy process to develop a city strategy in a participative manner. The present study analyzes the responses of almost 2000 citizens who addressed the role of an open strategy in developing a smart city. The study contributes by depicting how the open strategy was utilized in practice and what types of outcomes it produced. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 36-44 %8 09/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1267 %N 9 %1
University of Vaasa
D.Sc. (Admin) Suvi Einola is Assistant Professor at the University of Vaasa. She acts as a program manager of the Master’s Programme in Strategic Business Development. Before joining academia, she worked in the public sector for fifteen years, holding managerial, training, and development responsibilities. In her research, Einola focuses on strategic practices and servitization challenges both in public and private organizations. Her articles have been published in journals and books focused on both the public sector and industrial marketing.
 
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University of Vaasa
D.Sc. (Econ) Marko Kohtamäki is Professor of Strategy and Director of the ‘Strategic Business Development’ (SBD) research group at the University of Vaasa. Professor Kohtamäki is also an Adjunct Professor at the University of South-Eastern Norway (USN). He takes special interest in industrial service business or servitization, strategic practices, and business intelligence in technology companies. He has published in several distinguished international journals, such as Strategic Management Journal, International Journal of Operations and Production Management, Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, and Industrial Marketing Management, among others.
 
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City of Vaasa

D.Sc. (Admin) Harri Hietikko is Development Manager at the City of Vaasa and a published author of several works. He has written crime fiction, nonfiction and plays that have been performed on several theater stages. In 2008, Hietikko received his doctorate from the University of Tampere on the subject “Power, Leadership, Destruction and Hope in J.R.R. Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings.” In 2010, a Finnish publisher launched Hietikko’s nonfiction work Management by Sauron – The Lord of the Rings Guide to Leadership, a guidebook on the practicalities of working life and leadership skills that draws on the characters and events of Tolkien’s famous novel. In 2018, this work was also published in Germany by Franz Vahlen.

%& 36 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1267 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Urban Living Labs: Towards an Integrated Understanding of their Key Components %A Diana Chronéer %A Anna Ståhlbröst %A Abdolrasoul Habibipour %K definition %K innovation %K key components %K Living lab %K nature-based solutions %K NBS %K ULL %K UNaLab %K urban living lab %X In today’s ongoing urbanization and escalating climate change, there is an increasing demand on cities to be innovative and inclusive to handle these emerging issues. As an answer to these challenges, and in order to generate and adopt sustainable innovations and nature-based solutions in the urban areas, the concept of urban living labs has emerged. However, to date, there is confusion concerning the concept of the urban living lab and its key components. Some interpret the urban living lab as an approach, others as a single project, and some as a specific place – and some just do not know. In order to unravel this complexity and better understand this concept, we sought to identify the key components of an urban living lab by discussing the perspective of city representatives in the context of an urban living lab project. To achieve this goal, we reviewed previous literature on this topic and carried out two workshops with city representatives, followed by an open-ended questionnaire. In this article, we identify and discuss seven key components of an urban living lab: governance and management structure; financing models; urban context; nature-based solutions; partners and users (including citizens); approach; and ICT and infrastructure. We also offer an empirically derived definition of the urban living lab concept. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 50-62 %8 03/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1224 %N 3 %1 Luleå University of Technology Diana Chronéer is an Associate Professor in the Information Systems department at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden. She teaches organizational development through IT and sustainable business models from a digital perspective. Her main research interests are in the areas of digital service innovation, business model development, information logistics, and project management. %2 Luleå University of Technology Anna Ståhlbröst is the Chair Professor in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology, Sweden. Her research interests focus on the possibilities and challenges with the ongoing digital transformation for people, organizations, and society. In particular, she is interested in the citizen perspective when digital service innovations are developed within the context of urban living labs for smart cities and regions. Her research is related to different application areas such as smart cities and regions, crowdsourcing, everyday use, and online privacy. Her research has been published in several international journals, conference proceedings, and books. %3 Luleå University of Technology Abdolrasoul Habibipour is a PhD student in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden and is a User Engagement Expert at Botnia Living Lab, Sweden. His research focuses on user engagement in living lab context, with a particular emphasis on users’ motivations and needs. Abdolrasoul has experience teaching and supervising students at the undergraduate and postgraduate level and also serves as a reviewer in various international conferences and scientific journals. He has been involved in international innovation and research projects such as Privacy Flag and USEMP projects and is currently working in UNaLab and U4IoT projects, all of which are financed by the European Commission. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1224 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T World Heritage meets Smart City in an Urban-Educational Hackathon in Rauma %A Anu Helena Suominen %A Seija Halvari %A Jari Jussila %X UNESCO World Heritage cities can become smart cities if they take into account their cultural heritage and integrate diverse actors, including universities in their innovation practices. This article addresses the hackathon as an innovation contest method in the urban and educational context. Specifically, it concentrates on hackathon design, particularly the focus of the event, as well as the outputs. Although the design plays an integral part in a hackathon, particularly in goal achievement, design has not yet been thoroughly studied in mainly descriptive hackathon research. To address the subject, this article presents a case study of a dual-focused, i.e., combined urban and educational hackathon in the City of Rauma, which has a World Heritage Old Town that aims to integrate its historical uniqueness with modern city services. As a result, the article portrays the process and outputs of a hackathon carried out with the collaboration of two higher education institutions (HEIs) and the Entrepreneur Association of Rauma. Presenting conclusions for both academics and the public sector, the article contributes to the literature on urban and educational hackathons in smart cities with a heritage context. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 45-54 %8 09/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1268 %N 9 %1
Tampere University
Anu Helena Suominen, D.Sc. (Tech.), is a university teacher at Tampere University, Finland. She defended her doctoral thesis on legitimacy building in inter-organizational networks in 2017. Besides working for years in the field of research and education, Anu has several years of practical working experience in industry: in export, managing networking, and training projects. Anu is responsible for teaching four Master’s level courses in Knowledge Management, Innovation, Procurement, and Project Business Management. Her research is currently focused on hackathons for both industrial and educational purposes, knowledge sharing and integration, and innovation in inter-organizational networks.
 
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Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK)
Seija Halvari, M.Sc. (Tech.) and B.Eng., is a lecturer in Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK). Her research has focused on startup companies’ business model evolution and innovations. In addition, she has studied hackathons in an industrial and educational context. Seija has a strong industrial background and over a decade of experience in external and internal project management in various positions, together with experience in IT systems and business process improvement. 
 
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Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK)

Dr. Jari Jussila holds a PhD in Knowledge Management from Tampere University of Technology (TUT, 2015). At present, he is Principal Research Scientist at Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK). His research is currently focused on knowledge management, business intelligence, social media, big social data analytics, and health informatics. His works have been published in such international journals as Computers in Human Behavior, Industrial Management & Data Systems, International Journal of Knowledge Management, and Knowledge Management Research & Practice.

%& 45 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1268 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T Collaboration Strategies in Innovation Ecosystems: An Empirical Study of the German Microelectronics and Photonics Industries %A Fabian Schroth %A Johann Jakob Häußermann %K business ecosystem %K collaboration %K development and innovation %K innovation ecosystem %K innovation ecosystem strategies %K knowledge ecosystem %K microelectronics %K photonics %K research %X Effective collaboration between companies and research organizations is key to successful innovation systems. Against the background of digitalization, a shift from traditional innovation systems towards innovation ecosystems can be observed. In this article, we investigate how companies operating in innovation ecosystems address the challenge of collaboration in dynamic innovation ecosystems. We focus on microelectronics and photonics in Germany as examples of knowledge- and research-intensive industries and analyze the strategies of companies to collaborate with research organizations. We explore whether and to what extent companies develop different and new strategies for collaborating with research institutions within innovation ecosystems, on the basis of which we identify two ideal types of strategies. Whereas ideal type A is aiming towards obtaining specific knowledge in order to further develop a particular technology or product (i.e., towards incremental innovation), ideal type B seeks to harness the new and full potential of innovation ecosystems (i.e., aiming at rather radical innovation). Finally, our findings contribute to a better understanding of innovation ecosystems and give managerial implications for collaborating in such systems. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 4-12 %8 11/2018 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1195 %N 11 %1 Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO Fabian Schroth is Senior Scientist at the Fraunhofer Center for Responsible Research and Innovation at Fraunhofer IAO. His overall research interest is on sociotechnical innovation processes, and he is particularly interested in realizing the potential of multi-stakeholder engagement for the development of technologies and innovation. Therefore, his current projects focus on innovation in rural areas, the integration of civil society in research, development and innovation processes, and knowledge and technology transfer. He holds a doctoral degree in Sociology. In his doctoral dissertation, he developed an approach of responsible governance experiments in the field of climate politics. %2 Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO and TUM School of Governance Johann Jakob Häußermann works at the Fraunhofer Center for Responsible Research and Innovation at Fraunhofer IAO in Berlin, Germany, and is currently doing his doctorate at the TUM School of Governance at the Technical University Munich. He holds a Master’s Degree in Philosophy, with minors in Politics and Economics. He works at the intersection of ethics, innovation, and technology both from a theoretical as well as practice-oriented perspective. In his PhD, he is developing an integrated concept of responsible innovation that combines the ethics of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence with companies’ corporate (digital) responsibility. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1195 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T Editorial: Frugal Innovation (April 2018) %A Chris McPhee %A Deepak S. Gupta %A Mokter Hossain %K development processes %K emerging markets %K frugal innovation %K grassroots %K healthcare %K inclusion %K internationalization %K patterns %K SMEs %K sustainability %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 3-5 %8 04/2018 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1147 %N 4 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada. He has nearly 20 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Centennial College Deepak S. Gupta is the Executive Director for Applied Research, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship Services at Centennial College in Toronto, Canada. Previously, Dr. Gupta has worked at NAIT, Pella Corporation, and at the University of South Florida. He has co-founded two companies, and advised several others. Dr. Gupta has a Bachelor of Technology (Honors) degree from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India. His masters’ and doctoral degrees in Chemical Engineering are from Washington University in St. Louis. He has co-authored 31 publications, including papers, technical reports, conference proceedings, and a book chapter. His research contributions range from composites processing to smart sensors to new control algorithms. Dr. Gupta is a professional engineer, and a member of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (senior member status), Sigma Xi, Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers, and Tau Beta Pi. %3 Aalborg University Mokter Hossain is an Assistant Professor at the Center for Industrial Production, Aalborg University, Denmark, and he a Visiting Scholar at the Institute of Strategy and Venturing in the Department of Industrial Engineering and Management at Aalto University in Finland. He was a post-doctoral researcher at Imperial College London and at Aalto University after graduating with a Doctor of Science degree in Technology and Knowledge Management in 2016 from Aalto University. His research interests include innovation, strategy, and entrepreneurship. He has published over 35 journal articles, book chapters, and conference papers on a range of research topics, including open innovation, crowdsourcing, crowdfunding, frugal innovation, reverse innovation, grassroots innovation, and business model innovation. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1147 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T Editorial: Living Labs (December 2018) %A Chris McPhee %A Seppo Leminen %A Dimitri Schuurman %A Mika Westerlund %A Eelko Huizingh %K analysis %K constructs %K cultural space %K definition %K ENoLL %K framework %K innovation %K ISPIM %K lean startup %K library %K living labs %K methodology %K stakeholder %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 3-6 %8 12/2018 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1200 %N 12 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada. He has nearly 20 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Pellervo Economic Research, Aalto University, and Carleton University Seppo Leminen is a Research Director at Pellervo Economic Research in Finland, and he serves as an Adjunct Professor of Business Development at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland, and as an Adjunct Research Professor at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He holds a doctoral degree in Marketing from the Hanken School of Economics in Finland and a doctoral degree in Industrial Engineering and Management from the School of Science at Aalto University. His research and consulting interests include living labs, open innovation, innovation ecosystems, robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), as well as management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. He is serving as an associate editor in the BRQ Business Research Quarterly, on the editorial board of the Journal of Small Business Management, as a member of the Review Board for the Technology Innovation Management Review, and on the Scientific Panel of the International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM). Prior to his appointment at Aalto University, he worked in the ICT and pulp and paper industries. %3 imec.livinglabs Dimitri Schuurman is the Team Lead of the Business Model and User Research Team at imec.livinglabs. He holds a PhD and a Master’s degree in Communication Sciences from Ghent University in Belgium. Together with his imec colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at entrepreneurs in which he has managed over 100 innovation projects. He is also active in the International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM) and in the European Network of Living Labs (ENoLL) as a living labs specialist. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. %4 Carleton University Mika Westerlund, DSc (Econ), is an Associate Professor at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He previously held positions as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Haas School of Business at the University of California Berkeley and in the School of Economics at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. Mika earned his doctoral degree in Marketing from the Helsinki School of Economics in Finland. His research interests include open and user innovation, the Internet of Things, business strategy, and management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. %# University of Groningen Eelko Huizingh is an Associate Professor of Innovation Management and Director of the Innovation Centre of Expertise Vinci at the University of Groningen, the Netherlands. He is founder of Huizingh Academic Development, offering workshops academic research and academic writing to increase the publishing performance of academics. He is also the Director of Scientific Affairs for the International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM). His academic research focuses on the intersection of innovation and entrepreneurship, marketing, and information technology. He has authored over 350 articles, has edited more than 30 special issues of journals, and has published several textbooks. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1200 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T Exploring the Use of Stakeholder Analysis Methodology in the Establishment of a Living Lab %A Marius Imset %A Per Haavardtun %A Marius Stian Tannum %K action research %K autonomous vessels %K living labs %K management %K maritime %K Open innovation %K quadruple helix %K stakeholder analysis %X This article explores how to conduct a cost-effective stakeholder analysis to investigate opportunities and interest in establishing a living lab for an autonomous ferry connection. Using an action research approach, we share our experiences with the process and results, and we reflect openly on the strengths and weaknesses of both the stakeholder methodology generally as well as our own implementation specifically. According to the cyclic nature of action research and experiential learning, the research was conducted in two iterations, with the second iteration drawing upon input from the first. We compare and discuss these two approaches in terms of costs and benefits from a practitioner’s perspective. The article provides a contribution to stakeholder analysis methodology for complex, multi-stakeholder innovation initiatives, such as living labs. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 26-39 %8 12/2018 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1203 %N 12 %1 University of South-Eastern Norway Marius Imset is an Associate Professor in Product Design at the University of South-Eastern Norway. He has more than twenty years of experience in management of and participation in industrial and academic R&D projects. His expertise is in product design, innovation management, and organizational change. In the maritime industry, he conducts research in the field of human factors with a special focus on cognitive situation assessment and decision making. %2 University of South-Eastern Norway Per Haavardtun is an Assistant Professor in the Maritime Institute of the University of South-Eastern Norway. He has expertise in maritime operations with respect to deck officers in accordance with the regulations of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). He also has expertise in cost accounting, business development, innovation, and entrepreneurship. He currently studies human factors in automated and autonomous maritime vessels. %3 University of South-Eastern Norway Marius Tannum is an Assistant Professor in the field of Maritime Electronics and Automation at the University of South-Eastern Norway. He received his Master’s degree in Electrical Power Systems from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology with a focus on power electronics and control. Marius has more than 12 years of industry work experience with R&D related to electrical power converters and as the Head of R&D for a start-up company in the field of automation. His main interest is now maritime power and autonomous systems. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1203 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T How Doctoral Students and Graduates Can Facilitate Boundary Spanning between Academia and Industry %A Leena Kunttu %A Essi Huttu %A Yrjö Neuvo %K academic engagement %K doctoral education %K industrial engagement %K knowledge transfer %K university–industry collaboration %X The mobility of scientific competences from universities to industrial firms enables firms to absorb and utilize the knowledge developed in academia. However, too few young doctors are currently employed in industry, despite the fact that they could transfer and integrate valuable academic knowledge for industrial purposes and facilitate its utilization towards commercial ends. In this article, we investigate the role of doctoral students and graduates as academic boundary spanners by presenting three joint programs between universities and industrial players that facilitate and promote the industrial involvement of doctoral students and graduates. The cases highlight the meaning of university–industry collaboration in doctoral education and present practical examples of how industrial firms may facilitate the transfer of academic knowledge to industry through jointly organized doctoral education and postdoctoral mobility programs. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 48-54 %8 06/2018 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1164 %N 6 %1 University of Vaasa Leena Kunttu received her PhD degree in Information Technology (Signal Processing) from the Tampere University of Technology, Finland, in 2006. Between 2007 and 2012, she served as Senior Manager in an area of innovation at the Nokia Corporation. During her career at Nokia, she led a number of collaborative projects between the company and external research institutes, such as universities. She also led and participated in joint educational activities between Nokia and universities. Since 2015, Dr. Kunttu has served as a researcher in an area of innovation at the University of Vaasa, while also carrying out PhD studies in industrial innovation. Her current research interests include university–industry collaboration, educational involvement, and the commercialization of university technologies. %2 DIMECC Ltd Essi Huttu is Vice President, Co-Creation at DIMECC Ltd, a Finnish innovation company boosting digital transformation in Finnish industry by joining the forces of companies and universities. In the management team, she leads foresight activities and collaborative R&D program preparations between companies and universities. Huttu is also responsible for DIMECC co-creation activities designing and managing co-creation services, such as the PoDoCo (PostDocs in Companies) program, to bring postdocs and companies together. Previously, she worked in various development projects in the manufacturing industry. She has also worked as a Researcher in the Department of Industrial Management at Tampere University of Technology, Finland, conducting research in the field of service innovations, product-service solutions, servitization, and organizational transformation towards service business. Huttu holds a Master’s Degree in Technology (Industrial Management and Engineering) from Tampere University of Technology. %3 Aalto University Yrjö Neuvo is Professor and Research Director at Aalto University, Finland, and Vice Chairman of the Board of Vaisala Corporation. He was Chief Technology Officer and a member of the Group Executive Board of Nokia from 1993–2005, during which time his responsibilities included managing mobile phones R&D. Before joining Nokia, his 19-year academic career included positions as Professor at Tampere University of Technology, as National Research Professor at the Academy of Finland, and as a visiting professor at University of California, in Santa Barbara, USA. He was Chairman of ARTEMIS JTI Governing Board from 2007–2008, Bureau Member of European Science and Technology Assembly (ESTA) 1994–1997, and General Chairman of the 1988 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems and of the IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2001). He was Member of Governing Board and its Executive Committee of European Institute of Innovation and Technology from 2008-2012. He is Life Fellow of IEEE, Member of Academia Europeae, the Swedish Academy of Technical Sciences, and two Finnish Academies. In addition to his PhD degree, which he received from Cornell University in 1974, he holds four honorary doctorates. Asteroid 1938 DN carries his name: Neuvo. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1164 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T Innovation Instruments to Co-Create Needs-Based Solutions in a Living Lab %A Lotta Haukipuro %A Satu Väinämö %A Pauliina Hyrkäs %K co-creation %K innovation instrument %K innovation process %K Living lab %K SME %K startup %K user involvement %X This multiple case study focuses on co-creation facilitated with innovation instruments in three different environments – a school, a hospital, and an airport – in which 12 SMEs and startups developed solutions based on predefined needs of customer organizations, and where stakeholders actively participated through user involvement methods facilitated by a living lab. The article provides new knowledge regarding the benefits of the co-creation, user involvement, and use of the living lab approach within different contexts. Our findings show concrete benefits of co-creation for stakeholders such as companies, customer organizations, and end users. Based on our results, we propose a new, generic model for using innovation instruments to facilitate co-creation for the development of needs-based products and services in different service domains. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 22-35 %8 05/2018 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1156 %N 5 %1 University of Oulu Lotta Haukipuro, MSc (Econ), is a doctoral candidate at the Oulu Business School at the University of Oulu in Finland. Her PhD research focuses on user involvement through living lab approach in different contexts. She has participated in several international and national innovation, research and development projects as a specialist of living lab and user involvement methods, and has administered a user community and user involvement tool since 2011. %2 University of Oulu Satu Väinämö, MSc (Tech), is a User Research Expert and Project Manager at the University of Oulu in Finland. She has comprehensive experience of leading international projects, managing and creating user interface designs, and defining innovation processes. Her career includes over 15 years in the ICT industry in several leadership and user-experience design positions. She has led more than 100 development activities within Oulu Urban Living Labs, where she is currently in charge of projects related to innovation and living labs. %3 Northern Ostrobothnia Hospital District Pauliina Hyrkäs, BHSc (Health Management), Northern Ostrobothnia Hospital District (NOHD), Finland, has worked in local, national, and international healthcare sector projects as a project manager, a coordinator, and a designer. With her project team, she developed nationally applicable innovation process for Finnish University Hospitals as well as the Development and Innovation Process for the NOHD. Currently, she is starting up the innovation activities at the Oulu University Hospital (OYS), designing the innovation process for the Future Hospital OYS 2030 and for the innovation ecosystem around the OYS as well as the healthcare co-creation process to be utilized at the European Union level. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1156 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T Key Constructs and a Definition of Living Labs as Innovation Platforms %A Mika Westerlund %A Seppo Leminen %A Christ Habib %K constructs %K definition %K ENoLL %K innovation %K living labs %K platform %X Despite the growing popularity of using living labs as innovation platforms and the increasing scholarly attention toward the topic, still relatively little is known about many of their central characteristics. We use a qualitative research approach to identify key constructs of living labs and to understand how these constructs show up in the operation of living labs. So doing, we used theoretical constructs from the literature on user innovation, co-creation, and living labs to analyze a sample of membership applications to the European Network of Living Labs (ENoLL). The results from the content analysis of 40 applications revealed nine key constructs that are characteristic to living labs: 1) objective, 2) governance, 3) openness, 4) stakeholders, 5) funding, 6) value, 7) communications, 8) infrastructure, and 9) methods. These key constructs provide new insight that helps us to provide a definition of living labs as innovation platforms. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 51-62 %8 12/2018 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1205 %N 12 %1 Carleton University Mika Westerlund, DSc (Econ), is an Associate Professor at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He previously held positions as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Haas School of Business at the University of California Berkeley and in the School of Economics at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. Mika earned his doctoral degree in Marketing from the Helsinki School of Economics in Finland. His research interests include open and user innovation, the Internet of Things, business strategy, and management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. %2 Pellervo Economic Research, Aalto University, and Carleton University Seppo Leminen is a Research Director at Pellervo Economic Research in Finland, and he serves as an Adjunct Professor of Business Development at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland, and as an Adjunct Research Professor at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He holds a doctoral degree in Marketing from the Hanken School of Economics in Finland and a doctoral degree in Industrial Engineering and Management from the School of Science at Aalto University. His research and consulting interests include living labs, open innovation, innovation ecosystems, robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), as well as management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. He is serving as an associate editor in the BRQ Business Research Quarterly, on the editorial board of the Journal of Small Business Management, as a member of the Review Board for the Technology Innovation Management Review, and on the Scientific Panel of the International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM). Prior to his appointment at Aalto University, he worked in the ICT and pulp and paper industries. %3 Carleton University Christ Habib is an MASc graduate from the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He also holds a BEng in Biomedical and Electrical Engineering. Christ has experience working in the public and private sectors, working closely with clients and managing large-scale projects; he has been offering management-consulting services for SMEs; and he is currently a systems engineer at General Dynamics. He is passionate about business development; systems, processes, operations, marketing, and analytics; and understanding user/client needs for innovation development. He was awarded the engagement leadership award by popular vote through the Mindtrust program for his facilitation skills in managing collaborative work. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1205 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T Overcoming Barriers to Frugal Innovation: Emerging Opportunities for Finnish SMEs in Brazilian Markets %A Mirva Hyypiä %A Rakhshanda Khan %K barriers %K Brazilian markets %K Finnish SMEs %K frugal innovation %K opportunities %X Frugal innovation has become a popular concept, in academia but also in industry at large. Although there has been a great deal of discussion about the relevance of frugal innovation to the developed world, the notion’s full acceptance within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) still seems far in the distance. The opportunities and barriers seen with practical implementation of frugal innovation during the development processes have received little attention. This article considers these opportunities and barriers in the context of Finnish SMEs, providing insight specifically into the approaches these companies take in Brazilian markets. Qualitative data were drawn from a case study forming part of an extensive action research-based development project called SCALA, aimed at creating suitable and scalable mobile learning services for global markets. The concepts of frugal innovation and proceeding from user needs – essential parts of the development processes – are examined by observing three Finnish SMEs and their top managers, with particular focus on their interaction with Brazilian partners. Development sessions and meetings shed light on how the companies perceived and responded to testing their products/services with six individual schools in Brazil. Although frugal innovation is seen as essential for guaranteeing long-term competitiveness of Finnish SMEs – and access to rapidly growing, unsaturated emerging markets such as Brazil can be a step in the right direction – our study highlights numerous barriers and ways to overcome them in the real-world implementation of frugality in SMEs’ development processes. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 38-48 %8 04/2018 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1151 %N 4 %1 Lappeenranta University of Technology Mirva Hyypiä, D.Sc. (Tech.), is a Senior Researcher of Industrial Management at Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland, where she has worked since 2006. Her current research focuses on various aspects of leadership, innovation management, frugal innovation, innovation systems, user-driven innovation, service design, multi-sensory environment, gamification, and co-creation of digitalization. She has published several articles in international and national scientific journals. %2 Lappeenranta University of Technology Rakhshanda Khan is a Postdoctoral Researcher at Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland. Her doctoral dissertation in Business and Management (2017) focused on the contribution of socially driven businesses and innovations to social sustainability. Her expertise lies in sustainable, socially driven businesses, inclusive business models, and sustainable innovations, with a special focus on frugal innovation. She has published in several refereed journals including Applied Energy, Sustainability, the International Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development, and the International Journal of Information Systems and Social Change. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1151 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T The Prime Mover Matrix: A Conversation Piece for Building Strategic Innovative Capacity %A Magnus Hoppe %K analytical models %K business innovative capacity %K conversation pieces %K industrial standards %K innovation strategy %K Prime Mover Matrix %K technical innovative capacity %X The article introduces the Prime Mover Matrix as a conversation piece that will help management build strategic innovation capacity and gain desired influence on industrial standards and thus power. After all, just because a company calls itself innovative and invests in R&D does not mean it is actually innovative. To be strategically innovative means that a company deliberately builds its technical innovative capacity and business innovative capacity in relation to the influence of other actors’ actions and innovations. By doing this, a company will be able to increase its influence on industrial standards and gain the necessary power to reach its objectives. It is a relative position towards a moving target, which is why companies must continuously change through learning. This means that management needs help to reflect on how their own company’s innovative capacity compares to their competitors, and they must unceasingly steer their capacity towards the desired innovation position. Today, we lack intuitive and usable tools that will facilitate strategic conversations on how to best invest for desired innovation capacity. In order to fill this void, this article proposes the Prime Mover Matrix: a model that functions as a conversation piece for triggering an assessment of an industry’s technical, business, and prime movers. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 5-13 %8 07/2018 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1167 %N 7 %1 Mälardalen University Magnus Hoppe is an Associate Professor at the School of Economics, Society and Engineering at Mälardalen University, Sweden. At the university, he is member of the Faculty Board and leads processes for collaborative research in sustainable development. Magnus holds a PhD in Business Administration from Åbo Akademi University in Finland, where he presented his thesis on organized intelligence work in modern organizations. His current research concerns both private and public organizations and spans intelligence, entrepreneurship, and innovation. A special research interest lies in questioning dominating perspectives that bind our understanding of specific topics, and he now works to establish new ways of talking and thinking about innovation. His aim is to help organizations build new insights that will enhance their ideation processes and strategy building and, thereby, improve their innovative capabilities. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1167 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T The Role of Middle Managers in the Implementation of a Corporate Incubator: A Case Study in the Automotive Sector %A Rebecca Hirte %K case study %K corporate incubator %K Innovation management %K intrapreneurship %K middle managers %X Lately, there has been a growing tendency of corporations to establish corporate incubators as a strategic tool of transformation. However, the managers of those incubators are often lacking the appropriate knowledge and experience when it comes to setting the right framework for implementing such novel innovation units. In this context, the role of middle managers needs to be re-evaluated in order to support them with the right toolset for such an endeavour to become successful. This article analyzes the role of middle managers in the implementation of a corporate incubator by conducting an in-depth single case study within a large German automotive company. In addition to insights from a comprehensive literature review, the study’s interviews with 13 experts reveal challenges as well as key success factors from the perspective of middle managers on the stated research problem. In particular, the ability of middle managers to influence employees and top management has been considered with the aim of avoiding resistance and failure. The findings from this study contribute to the research streams of corporate incubation and middle management. In addition, the findings are particularly relevant for managers of large corporations who are facing the challenge of transforming their organization due to digitalization and unpredictable developments in the market. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 31-39 %8 07/2018 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1169 %N 7 %1 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Rebecca Hirte is pursuing her doctoral studies at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in Germany at the Chair of Entrepreneurship and Technology Management (EnTechnon). Her research focuses on corporate innovation systems and their digital transformation. At the same time, she is working for a large German multinational automotive company in the field of business model innovation and corporate incubation. She holds Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in International Business, and she has previously worked as a Research Assistant at the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI). %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1169 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T A Taxonomy of Factors Influencing Drop-Out Behaviour in Living Lab Field Tests %A Abdolrasoul Habibipour %A Annabel Georges %A Anna Ståhlbröst %A Dimitri Schuurman %A Birgitta Bergvall-Kåreborn %K drop-out %K field test %K Living lab %K taxonomy %K user engagement %K user motivation %X The concept of a “living lab” is a relatively new research area and phenomenon that facilitates user engagement in open innovation activities. Studies on living labs show that the users’ motivation to participate in a field test is higher at the beginning of the project than during the rest of the test, and that participants have a tendency to drop out before completing the assigned tasks. However, the literature still lacks theories describing the phenomenon of drop-out within the area of field tests in general and living lab field tests in particular. As the first step in constructing a theoretical discourse, the aims of this study are to present an empirically derived taxonomy for the various factors that influence drop-out behaviour; to provide a definition of “drop-out” in living lab field tests; and to understand the extent to which each of the identified items influence participant drop-out behaviour. To achieve these aims, we first extracted factors influencing drop-out behaviour in the field test from our previous studies on the topic, and then we validated the extracted results across 14 semi-structured interviews with experts in living lab field tests. Our findings show that identified reasons for dropping out can be grouped into three themes: innovation-related, process-related, and participant-related. Each theme consists of three categories with a total of 44 items. In this study, we also propose a unified definition of “drop-out” in living lab field tests. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 5-21 %8 05/2018 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1155 %N 5 %1 Luleå University of Technology Abdolrasoul Habibipour is a PhD student in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden and is a User Engagement Expert at Botnia Living Lab, Sweden. His research focuses on user engagement in living lab research, with a particular emphasis on users’ motivations and needs. Abdolrasoul has previously worked in information technology (IT) projects for more than 13 years as a project leader and project manager as well as software designer and developer. He is currently involved in international innovation and research projects such as UNaLab project, U4IoT project, as well as Privacy Flag project, all of which are financed by the European Commission. %2 imec.livinglabs Annabel Georges is a User Specialist at imec.livinglabs in Belgium. Annabel holds a Master’s degree in Communication Sciences from Ghent University, with a specialization in New Media and Society. Since 2013, she has worked at imec.livinglabs, where she has conducted research for more than 15 innovation projects. Her main interests are contextual research, field tests, and working on improvements on current living lab practices. %3 Luleå University of Technology Anna Ståhlbröst is a Professor of Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology, Sweden, and Managing Director of Botnia Living Lab in Sweden. Her research is focused on the phenomena of living labs and open, user-driven innovation processes, with special interest in end-user needs and motivations. Anna’s research is related to different application areas such as smart cities, domestic IT use, and online privacy. She has participated in several international and national innovation and research projects, and she is currently involved in the UNaLab project, U4IoT project, as well as Privacy Flag project, all of which are financed by the European Commission. %4 imec.livinglabs Dimitri Schuurman is the Team Lead of the Business Model and User Research Team at imec.livinglabs. He holds a PhD and a Master’s degree in Communication Sciences from Ghent University in Belgium. Together with his imec colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at entrepreneurs in which he has managed over 100 innovation projects. He is also active in the International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM) and in the European Network of Living Labs (ENoLL) as a living labs specialist. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. %# Luleå University of Technology Birgitta Bergvall-Kåreborn is Vice Chancellor and Professor in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology, Sweden. Birgitta’s research interests concern design-oriented research focused on participatory design in distributed and open environments; human-centric and appreciative methodologies for design and learning; value-based information systems development; the increasing overlap between stakeholder participation and labour sourcing; and its consequences for value creation and value capture. She has published several articles within these areas, and she has participated in a large number of national and international research projects. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1155 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T What Do Business Customers Value? An Empirical Study of Value Propositions in a Servitization Context %A Kwesi Sakyi-Gyinae %A Maria Holmlund %K customer value in use %K service transition %K servitization %K value proposition %K value-in-use dimension %X This study was conducted in response to calls from the research community and industry for a greater empirical exploration of value propositions. It uses customer value-in-use as a starting point and employs empirical data on value propositions in a servitization context. The findings demonstrate how customers articulate the value-in-use, or benefits, of a selected offering. These results are subsequently used to develop value proposition elements that are aligned with these benefits. The implications for the value proposition literature and for companies in a servitization situation are discussed. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 36-43 %8 05/2018 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1157 %N 5 %1 Hanken School of Economics Kwesi Sakyi-Gyinae is an MSc graduate from the Hanken School of Economics in Helsinki, Finland, and he currently works in the United States helping technology startups to create and implement strategic sales processes to maximize revenue. %2 Hanken School of Economics Maria Holmlund is a Professor of Marketing at the Hanken School of Economics in Helsinki, Finland, where she also received her PhD. Her research interests include methodological and conceptual issues related to service and customer-oriented management in business-to-business and business-to-consumer markets. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1157 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T Convergent Innovation in Emerging Healthcare Technology Ecosystems: Addressing Complexity and Integration %A Mark A. Phillips %A Tomás S. Harrington %A Jagjit Singh Srai %K complexity %K convergent innovation %K ecosystems %K healthcare %K integration %X Precision Medicine and Digital Health are emerging areas in healthcare, and they are underpinned by convergent or cross-industry innovation. However, convergence results in greater uncertainty and complexity in terms of technologies, value networks, and organization. There has been limited empirical research on emerging and convergent ecosystems, especially in addressing the issue of integration. This research identifies how organizations innovate in emerging and convergent ecosystems, specifically, how they address the challenge of integration. We base our research on empirical analyses using a series of longitudinal case studies employing a combination of case interviews, field observations, and documents. Our findings identify a need to embrace the complexity by adopting a variety of approaches that balance “credibility-seeking” and “advantage-seeking” behaviours, to navigate, negotiate, and nurture both the innovation and ecosystem, in addition to a combination of “analysis” and “synthesis” actions to manage aspects of integration. We contribute to the convergent innovation agenda and provide practical approaches for innovators in this domain. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 44-54 %8 09/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1105 %N 9 %1 University of Cambridge Mark A. Phillips is a Doctoral Researcher in the Institute of Manufacturing at the University of Cambridge, United Kingdom. His research focuses on innovation, emergent ecosystems, “convergence”, and healthcare technologies. Before embarking on his PhD, Mark was a Senior Vice President and Head of Development, Supply and Service for diagnostics at GlaxoSmithKline. He held a variety of roles in a career spanning 30 years in pharmaceuticals and life sciences covering technical and engineering, manufacturing operations, global supply chain leadership, manufacturing strategy, lean and business change, and new business start-up. He has a first-class honours degree in Chemical Engineering from Loughborough University in the United Kingdom and a Masters in Manufacturing Leadership from Cambridge University, and he is a Chartered Engineer and a Fellow of the Institute of Chemical Engineers. %2 Norwich Business School Tomás S. Harrington is Associate Professor of Digitalisation and Operations Management (Senior Lecturer) within the Innovation, Technology and Operations Management Group at Norwich Business School at the University of East Anglia (UEA) in the United Kingdom. Prior to joining the Faculty of Social Sciences at UEA in August 2017, Tomás spent eight years at the University of Cambridge’s Institute for Manufacturing. His research and practice interests focus on industrial systems transformation, enabled by the adoption of advanced manufacturing and digital technologies. He has also held senior roles in industry encompassing new product development, process design, and big data analytics – most recently with Intel Corporation. Tomás holds Bachelor and PhD degrees in Chemistry and an MBA (with distinction) for which he received a Chartered Management Institute award in 2008. %3 University of Cambridge Jagjit Singh Srai is Head of the Centre for International Manufacturing within the Institute for Manufacturing at the University of Cambridge, United Kingdom. His research focuses on the analysis, design, and operation of international production, supply and service networks, and the disruptive impacts of new technologies, markets, and regulations. As Research Director of Project Remedies, a £23m collaborative research programme involving leading pharmaceutical firms, applied research explores how new technologies may transform healthcare supply chains. Jag also advises leading multinationals, governments, and international institutions including UNCTAD, UNIDO, and WEF. Previous roles have been in industry with Unilever working as a Supply Chain Director of a multinational regional business, Technical Director of a national business, and other senior management positions. He holds a first-class honours degree in Chemical Engineering from Aston University, United Kingdom, and MPhil and PhD degrees in International Supply Networks from Cambridge University, and he is a Chartered Engineer and a Fellow of the Institute of Chemical Engineers. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1105 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T Designing a Business Model for Environmental Monitoring Services Using Fast MCDS Innovation Support Tools %A Tuomo Eskelinen %A Teemu Räsänen %A Ulla Santti %A Ari Happonen %A Miika Kajanus %K business model %K data collection %K environmental monitoring %K MCDS %K open data %K service innovation %X The free availability of open data provides opportunities to start new businesses and gain business intelligence. However, although data is often used to support decisions and actions, the possibilities offered by modern sensor technologies with connections to cloud-based data collection services are not being effectively capitalized. Data collection systems are also not generally open source solutions, even though open and flexibly adjustable systems would broaden the opportunities for solutions and larger revenue streams. In this article, we used action research methods to discover new business opportunities in a semi-open information system that utilizes environmental monitoring data. We applied a four-stage innovation process for industry, which included context definition, idea generation, and selection, and produced multi-criteria decision support (MCDS) data to help the design of business model. This was done to reveal business opportunities for an environmental monitoring service. Among these opportunities, one service-style business model canvas was identified as feasible and selected for further development. We identified items that are needed in the commercialization process of environmental monitoring services. Our process combines open environmental monitoring data, participative innovation process, and MCDS support, and it supports and accelerates a co-creative business model creation process that is cost-beneficial in terms of saving time. The results are applicable to the creation of an open data information system that supports data-driven innovation. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 36-46 %8 11/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1119 %N 11 %1 Savonia University of Applied Sciences Tuomo Eskelinen, PhD, works as an RDI Advisor at the Savonia University of Applied Sciences in Finland. His background is in Environmental Sciences, and his expertise and research interests include sustainable value networks, development of business partnerships, and sustainable business models. He organizes research, development, and innovation processes with enterprises and other organizations, with scientists, end users, and customers, from idea generation to business models development and commercialization. He has participated in more than 20 EU-funded projects in the fields of forestry, energy, food, water safety, and processing. He is experienced in performing and coordinating interdisciplinary, international, large-scale research projects, workshops and training. %2 Savonia University of Applied Sciences Teemu Räsänen, D.Sc. (Tech), works as a Senior Lecturer at the Savonia University of Applied Sciences (UAS) in Finland. His background is in Environmental Technology, and his expertise and research interests include environmental informatics, environmental monitoring, data analysis, data mining and developing online monitoring systems. Within this context, his main focus is in the fields of water management, monitoring the impacts of industrial emissions, and waste management. He is also the head of Savonia UAS environmental technology degree program, which includes about 170 students annually. %3 Savonia University of Applied Sciences Ulla Santti, MSc (Econ), has experience as a teacher of Business Administration and Marketing, and she is an expert on research, development, and innovation projects at the Savonia University of Applied Sciences in Finland. She has also undertaken SME business development through practical fieldwork in healthcare, industrial factories, advertising, and the tourism industries. Currently, she is preparing her doctoral thesis at the Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland. Her research interest includes business models and organizational culture development of SMEs with an interest in what kind of common ground, effects, and connections these concepts have on each other. %4 Lappeenranta University of Technology Ari Happonen, DSc (Tech), is the Head of Computer Science Bachelor programme in the Lappeenranta University of Technology’s (LUT) School of Business and Management, Finland. Ari has been working at LUT for more than 15 years, participating in numerous RDI projects with Finnish and international companies in the contexts of international logistics services, consumer products industries, service development, innovation facilitations and mentoring, consultation, business development, mobile service development, construction industries, digitalization, public–private collaboration R&D efforts, and so on. Ari has a long history working as an intermediate and collaboration facilitator in interdisciplinary projects, workshops, innovation facilitation, development mentoring, teaching, and training and has also acted as the LUT Project Manager for the Akseli project, providing the base knowledge for this publication. %# Savonia University of Applied Sciences Miika Kajanus works as an RDI-liaison in Savonia University of Applied Sciences in Finland. The role is in international RDI funding in Savonia’s focus areas related to food, water, health, industry, and bio products. The main tasks are to organize research, development, and innovation processes with enterprises and other organizations. The work involves collaboration with scientists, SMEs, inventors, end users, and experts aiming in a straightforward way to implement innovations including all the phases starting from idea generation, conceptualization, business models development, and commercialization. Since 2004, he has been involved in more than 100 innovation commercialization projects, and he has more than twenty international research publications. He is one of the creators of the InTo innovation tool. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1119 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T Effects of Business Model Development Projects on Organizational Culture: A Multiple Case Study of SMEs %A Ulla Santti %A Tuomo Eskelinen %A Mervi Rajahonka %A Kaija Villman %A Ari Happonen %K business model %K business model canvas %K competing values framework %K development project %K organizational culture %K service design %K SME %X Previous research has shown that links between organizational culture and innovativeness/performance may act as a “social glue” that helps a company develop organizational culture as a competitive advantage. In this study of three case companies, the organizational culture change due business model development projects is studied using the Competing Values Framework (CVF) tool and interviews with respondents about discovered changes. To reveal intervention and implied effects between business model development project and organizational culture changes, we used CIMO logic (context, intervention, mechanism, and outcome) to bridge practice and theory by explanatory, backward-looking research. Our case studies of companies in relatively short-duration business model development projects indicate that organizational culture may have some dynamic characteristics, for example, an increase of the adhocracy organizational type in all case companies or an increase in the hierarchical leadership type in one case company. Thus, the development of an organizational culture type can be partly controlled. Our results also indicated business model development projects do have a minor effect on organizational culture, even when development activities have not been put fully into practice. However, the more comprehensively business model development project activities have been put into practice, the larger the effect on organizational culture. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 15-26 %8 08/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1096 %N 8 %1 Savonia University of Applied Sciences Ulla Santti, MSc (Econ), has experience as a teacher of Business Administration and Marketing, and she is an expert on research, development, and innovation projects at the Savonia University of Applied Sciences in Finland. She has also undertaken SME business development through practical field work in healthcare, industrial factories, advertising, and the tourism industries. Currently, she is preparing her doctoral thesis at the Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland. Her research interest includes business models and organizational culture development of SMEs with an interest in what kind of common ground, effects, and connections these concepts have on each other. %2 Savonia University of Applied Sciences Tuomo Eskelinen, PhD, works as an RDI Advisor at the Savonia University of Applied Sciences in Finland. His background is in Environmental Sciences, and his expertise and research interests include sustainable value networks, development of business partnerships, and sustainable business models. He organizes research, development, and innovation processes with enterprises and other organizations, with scientists, end users, and customers, from idea generation to business model development and commercialization. He has participated in more than 20 EU-funded projects in the fields of forestry, energy, food, water safety, and processing. He is experienced in performing and coordinating interdisciplinary, international, large-scale research projects, workshops and training. %3 South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences XAMK Mervi Rajahonka, DSc (Econ), works as an RDI Advisor at the Small Business Center (SBC), currently a part of the South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences XAMK, Finland. She has been working at the SBC for about 10 years, participating in numerous EU-funded projects. She earned her doctoral degree in Logistics from the Department of Information and Service Economy at Aalto University School of Business in Helsinki, Finland. She also holds a Master’s degree in Technology from the Helsinki University of Technology and a Master’s degree in Law from the University of Helsinki. Her research interests include sustainable logistics and supply chain management, business models, service modularity, and service innovations. Her research has been published in a number of journals in the areas of logistics, services, and operations management. %4 South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences XAMK Kaija Villman, MMus in Arts Management, works as a Project Manager at the South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences XAMK, Small Business Center (SBC), Finland. She has been working at the SBC for about 7 years, participating in numerous EU-funded projects in the fields of creative industries, service development, and digitalization. She is experienced in coordinating interdisciplinary projects, workshops, and training and she acted as the Project Manager for the PaKe Savo Project. %# Lappeenranta University of Technology Ari Happonen, DSc (Tech) is Head of Computer Science Bachelor programme in Innovation and Software at Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT), Finland. Ari has been working for the LUT for more than 15 years, participating in numerous RDI projects with Finnish and international companies in the contexts of international logistics services, consumer products industries, service development, consultation, business development, mobile services, construction industries, digitalization, and so on. Ari has a long history working as an intermediate and collaboration facilitator in interdisciplinary projects, workshops, innovation facilitation, development mentoring, teaching, and training and has also acted as the LUT Project Manager for the Akseli project. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1096 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T The Internet of (Vulnerable) Things: On Hypponen's Law, Security Engineering, and IoT Legislation %A Mikko Hypponen %A Linus Nyman %K consumers %K cybersecurity %K Hypponen’s law %K Internet of Things %K IOT %K legislation %K manufacturers %K security engineering %K smart devices %K vulnerability %X The Internet of Things (IoT) and the resulting network-connectedness of everyday objects and appliances in our lives bring not only new features and possibilities, but also significant security concerns. These security concerns have resulted in vulnerabilities ranging from those limited in effect to a single device to vulnerabilities that have enabled IoT-based botnets to take over hundreds of thousands of devices to be used for illegal purposes. This article discusses the vulnerable nature of the IoT – as symbolized by Hypponen’s law – and the parts both manufacturers and consumers play in these vulnerabilities. This article makes the case for the importance of security engineering for IoT manufacturers, highlights some significant issues to help consumers address these vulnerabilities, and argues for legislation as perhaps the only reliable means of securing the Internet and its connected devices. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 5-11 %8 04/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1066 %N 4 %1 F-Secure Mikko Hypponen is Chief Research Officer at F-Secure. He has written about his research for The New York Times, Wired, and Scientific America, and he has lectured at several universities, among them Stanford, Oxford, and Cambridge. He has been selected as one of the 50 most important people on the web by PC World Magazine and was included in the FP Global Thinkers list. He is a member of the board of the Nordic Business Forum and the advisory board of the t2 infosec conference. %2 Hanken School of Economics Linus Nyman is an Assistant Professor at the Hanken School of Economics in Helsinki, Finland. He has lectured on a range of topics, including corporate strategy and open source software development. His current research focuses on information security and privacy, which are topics he also covers in a blog for the Finnish daily newspaper Hufvudstadsbladet. Linus holds a PhD and a Master’s degree, both from the Hanken School of Economics. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1066 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T Orchestration Roles to Facilitate Networked Innovation in a Healthcare Ecosystem %A Minna Pikkarainen %A Mari Ervasti %A Pia Hurmelinna-Laukkanen %A Satu Nätti %K case study %K exploratory approach %K healthcare ecosystem %K high-level experts %K innovation orchestration %K roles %X This study examines orchestration roles in a networked innovation context characterized by significant transformation. In particular, an exploratory case study approach is taken to study the roles of innovation network orchestrators and their actions to facilitate networked activities in different phases of the innovation process. The context of the case study, a healthcare ecosystem that aims to co-create technological innovations to support the pediatric surgery journey, provides valuable insights about orchestration and adds knowledge on specific limitations set by the orchestrator-specific and context-related issues in a professional context. The findings of this study highlight the need for careful coordination that allows shared understanding of the goals of the orchestration process and achievable innovation implementations. It is shown that parallel, evolving, and even changing orchestrator roles are needed in complex networked innovation settings. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 30-43 %8 09/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1104 %N 9 %1 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Minna Pikkarainen is a joint Connected Health Professor at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland and the University of Oulu / Oulu Business School, the Martti Ahtisaari Institute, and the Faculty of Medicine. She works as a program leader and a collaborator between different units and departments in University of Oulu, VTT and other OuluHealth ecosystem players. She currently focuses her research in the data-driven service co-creation and business models in health and wellbeing sectors. During 2010–2012, Minna worked as a Business Developer in the Institute Mines Telecom, Paris, and European Innovation Technology (EIT) network in Helsinki. Her key focus areas as a business developer have been in healthcare organizations and digital cities. Her research has been focused on the areas of software development, agile development, and service innovation. %2 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Mari Ervasti is a Senior Scientist in the Wellness and Living team at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. She received her MSc in Information Networks from the University of Oulu in 2007, and her DSc (Tech) degree in Human-Centered Technology from the Tampere University of Technology in 2012.She has worked as a project manager and researcher in several multi-disciplinary research projects dealing with human-technology interaction, and has over 30 scientific publications in the field. Mari’s research focuses on user experience design and evaluation in versatile application domains with a special focus on participatory design by utilizing user-driven methods. Furthermore, her research addresses the need for predicting and estimating the impacts and value of novel technologies for different stakeholders. Recently, she has focused on the co-creation of connected health services together with patients, healthcare professionals, and companies in the context of future digital hospitals. %3 Oulu Business School Pia Hurmelinna-Laukkanen is a Professor of Marketing, especially relating to international business, in the Oulu Business School at the University of Oulu, Finland, and she is an Adjunct Professor (Knowledge Management) at the Lappeenranta University of Technology’s School of Business and Management. She has published over 60 refereed articles in journals such as the Journal of Product Innovation Management, Industrial and Corporate Change, Industrial Marketing Management, R&D Management, and Technovation. She has contributed to book chapters, over 100 conference papers, and several other scientific and managerial publications. Most of her research has involved innovation management and appropriability issues, including examination of different knowledge protection and value capturing mechanisms. The research covers varying contexts such as internationalization and inter-organizational collaboration. %4 Oulu Business School Satu Nätti is a Professor at the Oulu Business School in Finland. Her main research interests relate to innovation network orchestration, professional services, and key account management. She has published in such journals as Industrial Marketing Management, the Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, the Journal of Service Management, the Journal of Services Marketing, and the Service Industries Journal. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1104 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T Overcoming Barriers to Experimentation in Business-to-Business Living Labs %A Ruben D’Hauwers %A Aron-Levi Herregodts %A Annabel Georges %A Lynn Coorevits %A Dimitri Schuurman %A Olivier Rits %A Pieter Ballon %K B2B %K experimentation %K living labs %K testing %K user research %X Business-to-business (B2B) living lab projects have been mentioned in different areas of academic research, but the innovation management literature requires deeper analysis of their potential opportunities and challenges. Real-life experimentation is a key requirement for living labs as it enables deeper insights in the potential success of innovations. However, the literature has not provided insights on how living lab projects can implement real-life experimentation in B2B innovation projects and does not describe appropriate conditions for experimentation in these settings. In this study, we identified three main barriers preventing real-life experimentation in B2B living lab projects: the technological complexity, the need for integration, and the difficulty in identifying testers. The barriers are discussed in detailed and potential solutions are provided to help overcome these barriers and stimulate the adoption of real-life experimentation in B2B innovation projects. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 20-26 %8 02/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1054 %N 2 %1 imec – SMIT – VUB Ruben D’Hauwers is a Researcher at imec-SMIT-VUB in Belgium. He holds a master’s degrees in Business Engineering (2011) and Innovation and Entrepreneurship (2013). He has also worked in the field of business development in two different organizations. He joined imec in 2014 and focuses on business-to-business research, business modelling, and on capturing and validating the assumptions throughout the innovation process. %2 imec – MICT – Ghent University Aron-Levi Herregodts is a User Expert at imec.livinglabs and an affiliated researcher at imec – MICT – Ghent University in Belgium. He holds master’s degrees in Communication Sciences (2013) and Complementary Business Economics (2014). As a user expert, his role is to translate user behaviour, needs, and wants into tangible recommendations to provide structure to the innovation process of both SMEs and large organizations. His main research interests include open innovation, user innovation, organizational learning, intermediary activities, and user-centric design and methodologies. He is also preparing a PhD on the configuration of intermediary user-oriented activities with innovation-relevant actors for distinct types of entrepreneurs and innovations. %3 imec – MICT – Ghent University Annabel Georges is a Junior Researcher in the research group at imec – MICT – Ghent University in Belgium. She holds a master’s degree in Communication Sciences from Ghent University, with a specialization in New Media and Society. Her main interests are domestication theory, field tests, and improvements to living lab practices. %4 imec – MICT – Ghent University Lynn Coorevits is a Senior User Researcher for imec – MICT – Ghent University in Belgium, where she focuses on tools and techniques for open and user innovation, such as sensors and design thinking. Her current research focuses on the adoption and attrition of wearables as well as optimization of context integration in living lab projects. She works on several SME living lab projects ranging from the financial to social industry. She holds master’s degrees in Psychology and in Marketing Analysis from Ghent University and has 9 years of experience in innovation research and consultancy. %# imec – MICT – Ghent University Dimitri Schuurman is the Team Lead in User Research at imec.livinglabs and a Senior Researcher at imec – MICT – Ghent University in Belgium. He holds a PhD and a Master’s degree in Communication Sciences from Ghent University. Together with his imec colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at entrepreneurs in which he has managed over 100 innovation projects. Dimitri is responsible for the methodology and academic valorization of these living lab projects and coordinates a dynamic team of living lab researchers. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. His PhD thesis was entitled Bridging the Gap between Open and User Innovation? Exploring the Value of Living Labs as a Means to Structure User Contribution and Manage Distributed Innovation. %$ SMIT Olivier Rits holds a master’s degree in Applied Physics (Engineering) from the Ghent University in Belgium. Previously, Olivier worked as a business developer for Alcatel-Lucent, where he was involved with many different technologies. Within SMIT, Olivier is leading the business modelling practice in the context of SME living lab innovation projects. With a team of researchers, he is organizing business model workshops and stakeholder interviews to apply business model methodologies to link the user feedback and insights to the business model aspects of the SME’s strategy. Olivier is also involved in business modelling efforts in research projects dealing with ICT in general, with a specific interest in M2M and IoT and mobile telecommunications. %] imec.livinglabs Pieter Ballon is the Academic Lead of imec.livinglabs, the International Secretary of the European Network of Living Labs, and Director of the research group imec-SMIT at Vrije Universiteit Brussel in Belgium. He specializes in business modelling, open innovation, and the mobile telecommunications industry. Formerly, he was Senior Consultant and Team Leader at TNO. From 2006–2007, he was the coordinator of the cross issue on business models of the Wireless World Initiative (WWI), which united five integrated projects in the European Union’s 6th Framework Programme. Pieter holds a PhD in Communication Sciences from Vrije Universiteit Brussel and an MA in Modern History from Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1054 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T Q&A. Does Machiavelli’s The Prince Have Relevant Lessons for Modern High-Tech Managers and Leaders? %A Clovia Hamilton %K cut-throat competition %K Innovation management %K leadership %K lean philosophy %K Machiavelli %K Machiavellian %K management %K technological innovation leadership %K The Prince %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 40-47 %8 08/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1099 %N 8 %1 Clovia Hamilton is a registered patent attorney with university and federal lab technology innovation and commercialization experience. In August 2016, she earned a PhD in Industrial & Systems Engineering from the University of Tennessee Knoxville in the United States. Clovia also has an MBA from Wesleyan College, JD from Atlanta’s John Marshall law school and a Master of Laws (LLM) degree in intellectual property law from the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign. She researches business law and ethics, technology management, academic entrepreneurship, university–industry partnerships, university and federal lab technology transfer operations as supply chain networks, intellectual property, and scientific misconduct. Clovia served as the Director of Intellectual Property and Research Compliance at Old Dominion University and as a technology transfer specialist for the EPA’s National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Lab and the University of Illinois Urbana Champaign. She has also taught business law and ethics as an Adjunct Professor. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1099 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T Q&A. How Do Digital Platforms for Ideas, Technologies, and Knowledge Transfer Act as Enablers for Digital Transformation? %A Mokter Hossain %A Astrid Heidemann Lassen %K digital platforms %K digitization %K enablers %K knowledge management %K Open innovation %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 55-60 %8 09/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1106 %N 9 %1 Aalborg University Mokter Hossain is an Assistant Professor at the Center for Industrial Production, Aalborg University, Denmark, and he a Visiting Scholar at the Institute of Strategy and Venturing in the Department of Industrial Engineering and Management at Aalto University in Finland. He was a post-doctoral researcher at Imperial College London and at Aalto University after graduating with a Doctor of Science degree in Technology and Knowledge Management in 2016 from Aalto University. His research interests include innovation, strategy, and entrepreneurship. He has published over 35 journal articles, book chapters, and conference papers on a range of research topics, including open innovation, crowdsourcing, crowdfunding, frugal innovation, reverse innovation, grassroots innovation, and business model innovation. %2 Aalborg University Astrid Heidemann Lassen is an Associate Professor in Innovation Management at Aalborg University, Denmark. Astrid is also the Head of Section in the Production at the Department of Materials and Production at Aalborg University. Since 2015, she has also been Visiting Professor at the Institute of Innovation and Entrepreneurship at University of Gothenburg, Sweden. Astrid has published extensively in international journals and academic books on the topics of innovation and knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1106 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T Reflecting on Actions in Living Lab Research %A Anna Ståhlbröst %A Marita Holst %K action research %K Apollon %K context %K digital innovations %K end users %K innovation process %K Living lab %K research process %X Living labs deploy contemporary open and user-centred engagement processes in real-world contexts where all relevant stakeholders are involved and engaged with the endeavour to create and experiment with different innovations. The approach is evidently successful and builds on the perspective that people have a democratic right to have influence over changes that might affect them, such as those brought about by an innovation. In this article, we will reflect on and discuss a case in which end users took part in the development of a method that stimulates learning and adoption of digital innovations in their own homes while testing and interacting with it. The results show that, when end users were stimulated to use the implemented innovation through different explicit assignments, they both increased their understanding of the situation as well as changed their behaviour. Living lab processes are complex and dynamic, and we find that it is essential that a living lab have the capability to adjust its roles and actions. We argue that being reflective is beneficial for innovation process managers in living labs because it allows them to adjust processes in response to dynamic circumstances. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 27-34 %8 02/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1055 %N 2 %1 Luleå University of Technology Anna Ståhlbröst is an Associate Professor in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology, Sweden. Her research is focused on the phenomena of living labs and open, user-driven innovation processes, with special interest in end-user needs and motivations. Anna's research is related to different application areas such as smart cities, domestic IT use, and online privacy. She has participated in several international and national innovation and research projects, and she is currently involved in both the Privacy Flag project and the U4IoT project financed by the European Commission. %2 Luleå University of Technology Marita Holst is Senior Project Manager at the Centre for Distance-Spanning Technology and General Manager of Botnia Living Lab at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden. Marita’s research interests include methods and tools for creating collaborative working environments for innovative and boundary-crossing working groups and applied ongoing research and innovation projects such as OrganiCity, Privacy Flag, and U4IoT, in which she currently participates. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1055 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T A Structured Approach to Academic Technology Transfer: Lessons Learned from imec’s 101 Programme %A Dimitri Schuurman %A Stan De Vocht %A Sven De Cleyn %A Aron-Levi Herregodts %K academic spin-off %K entrepreneurial action %K entrepreneurship %K incubation %K research valorization %K technology transfer %X In this article, we describe imec’s 101 Programme for academic technology transfer and explain how it supports researchers by following a structured process in a limited amount of time and by carefully involving different stakeholders and people with relevant skills and expertise. The programme combines insights in terms of processes and of team composition from the entrepreneurship literature and puts them into practice in an internal incubation programme that is generated from the bottom-up. Based on hands-on experiences and interviews with key stakeholders in the process, we evaluate the programme and distill lessons learned. The article highlights the importance of a structured technology transfer process in the early stages of opportunity discovery and entrepreneurial action, and it offers insights on team formation for academic spin-offs. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 5-14 %8 08/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1095 %N 8 %1 imec Dimitri Schuurman is the Team Lead in User Research at imec.livinglabs and a Senior Researcher at imec – MICT – Ghent University in Belgium. He holds a PhD and a Master’s degree in Communication Sciences from Ghent University. Together with his imec colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at entrepreneurs in which he has managed over 100 innovation projects. Dimitri is responsible for the methodology and academic valorization of these living lab projects and coordinates a dynamic team of living lab researchers. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. His PhD thesis was entitled Bridging the Gap between Open and User Innovation? Exploring the Value of Living Labs as a Means to Structure User Contribution and Manage Distributed Innovation. %2 imec Stan De Vocht is the Innovation Manager at imec and was previously the Technology Transfer Manager at iMinds. Stan holds a Master of Law (LL.M.) and a Master of Intellectual Property and has been working in the technology transfer sector since his graduation in 2005. Stan has taken the initiative in the creation of the 101 programme and has helped several projects from technology to business. %3 imec Sven De Cleyn graduated with a Master in Commercial Engineering and started his professional career at the University of Antwerp, where he conducted research on high-tech spin-offs from European universities. He joined iMinds (merged with imec since October 2016) in 2011 as Technology Transfer Manager. He is in charge of the imec.istart business acceleration program in which he supports new spin-offs and startups. The program is recognized by UBI Global as one of the leading accelerators worldwide. Today, Sven is also a part-time professor in (high-tech) entrepreneurship at the University of Antwerp. %4 imec Aron-Levi Herregodts is a user specialist at imec.livinglabs and an affiliated researcher at imec-MICT-UGhent. He obtained master’s degrees in Communication Sciences (2013) and Complementary Business Economics (2014). As a user specialist with imec.livinglabs, his role is to translate multi-actor behaviour, needs, and wants to tangible recommendations to provide structure to the innovation process of startups, SMEs, and large organizations. His main interests include open innovation, user innovation, organizational learning, intermediary activities, and user-centric design and methodologies. He has specific interest in the configuration of intermediary learning activities based on the end user with innovation-relevant actors for distinct types of entrepreneurs and innovations. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1095 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T Value Propositions for the Internet of Things: Guidance for Entrepreneurs Selling to Enterprises %A David Hudson %K entrepreneurship %K guide %K Internet of Things %K offers %K value propositions %X This article provides entrepreneurs with guidance to help understand and express the specific and compelling value proposition for their Internet of Things (IoT) offer. IoT enables such a wide range of possible short- and long-term opportunities that IoT entrepreneurs may fall into the trap of considering IoT generally rather than positioning their offer to a buyer in a specific manner that helps win deals. The process of understanding and expressing a compelling value proposition will help the IoT entrepreneur focus their offer, understand who the real buyer is, and demonstrate tangible value to that buyer in a manner that is directed towards winning deals. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 5-11 %8 11/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1116 %N 11 %1 David Hudson is a technology management professional who has 30 years experience in industry and academia. Most recently he led new business incubation within the Chief Technology Office at Dell EMC. He is an Executive in Residence at the University of New Brunswick’s Technology Management and Entrepreneurship program. He has been a Lecturer in technology innovation in the MBA program at Carleton University’s Eric Sprott School of Business, a Director of Lead to Win, the Chair of the Ontario Centres of Excellence ICT advisory board, and a consultant to technology firms. Previously, he was the Vice President of advanced research and development at Nortel and has had an extensive career in technology business management as well as R&D. David received his Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Systems Design Engineering from the University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. His Doctorate is from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, where his research focused on employee innovation on-the-job. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1116 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T Detecting White Spots in Innovation-Driven Intellectual Property Management %A Daniel Eckelt %A Christian Dülme %A Jürgen Gausemeier %A Simon Hemel %K business model %K competitive advantage %K competitive arena %K Innovation management %K intellectual capital %K intellectual property %K value proposition %X Technology companies scan the competitive arena for patents to discover research activities and technology trends. Patents are the outcome of innovation processes that take several month or even years, depending on the industry. The process of publishing patents usually lasts longer. A huge time gap of up to several years between early research and development activities and published patents is the consequence. Therefore, a patent is a weak indicator for the identification of early innovation activities. However, the inventor needs intellectual assets such as data, knowledge, and expertise to carry out an innovation process. It is likely that these intellectual assets can improve the competitor analysis – rendering them primary targets. In this article, we introduce a systematic approach to detect intellectual property (IP) activities of stakeholders in selected technology fields (e.g., hiring experts, taking part in research projects, gathering specific data). A technology field with a low intensity of IP activities offers great opportunities, which we call a "white spot". Our proposed approach can help identify the white spots in innovation-driven IP management and thereby help devise recommendations to improve a company’s IP portfolio. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 34-47 %8 07/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1003 %N 7 %1 Heinz Nixdorf Institute Daniel Eckelt (MSc) is a Research Associate in the Heinz Nixdorf Institute at the University of Paderborn, Germany. He works in a team focused on strategic planning and innovation management within the working group of strategic product planning and systems engineering. His research topics are Industrie 4.0, strategic IP management, and innovation management in multi-stakeholder organizations. In this field, he is working in numerous research and industry projects as wells as in political and social consulting. %2 Heinz Nixdorf Institute Christian Dülme (MSc) is a Research Associate in the Heinz Nixdorf Institute at the University of Paderborn, Germany. He works in a team focused on strategic planning and innovation management within the working of group strategic product planning and systems engineering. His research topics are future scenarios for Industrie 4.0, potential identification, and product strategy, particularly the reconfiguration of product portfolios. In these fields, he is working in numerous research and industry projects. %3 Heinz Nixdorf Institute Jürgen Gausemeier is a Senior Professor in the Heinz Nixdorf Institute at the University of Paderborn, Germany. His key activities are strategic product planning and systems engineering. He was speaker of the Collaborative Research Centre 614 "Self-Optimizing Concepts and Structures in Mechanical Engineering" by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and was a member of the German Council of Science and Humanities from 2009 until 2015. Jürgen is the initiator and Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the consultant company UNITY AG. Since 2003, he has been member of acatech, the German Academy of Science and Engineering and has been its Vice President since 2012. He is also Chairman of the Board of the Leading-Edge Cluster "Intelligente Technische Systeme Ostwestfalen-Lippe (it's OWL)”, which was initiated by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. %4 Simon Hemel (MSc) works in the field of technical controlling for one of the world's leading manufacturers of slewing bearings. After an apprenticeship as a Management Assistant in IT systems at a German telecommunications company, Simon studied industrial engineering with focus on innovation and development management and controlling at the University of Paderborn, Germany. His master's thesis in the field of Intellectual Property Management was carried out in cooperation with the working group of strategic product planning and systems engineering at the Heinz Nixdorf Institute and a German medical-technology company, which is a world market leader in the field of exo-prosthetics. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1003 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T Developing a Startup and Innovation Ecosystem in Regional Australia %A Troy Haines %K Australia %K Cairns %K ecosystems %K entrepreneurship %K incubation %K innovation %K mentorship %K regional %K startups %K theSPACE %X Technology is enabling change at an ever increasing pace, not only in urban contexts, but also in regional centres, where the Internet in particular is enabling entrepreneurs to compete in the global marketplace despite the size and remoteness of their home cities or towns. In regional Australia, the challenges of high unemployment, fading traditional industries, a lack of economic diversity, and a "brain drain" of talent to urban centres highlight the need for novel economic development strategies. Innovation and entrepreneurship are highlighted as potential solutions, but both require knowledge and support to be successful. In this article, the author shares lessons learned as an entrepreneur and through the ongoing development of a self-sustaining startup and innovation ecosystem in the remote region of Cairns, Australia. The model described in this article is now being applied to other regions in Australia, where trained champions are driving the development of startup and innovation ecosystems adapted to regional needs. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 24-32 %8 06/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/994 %N 6 %1 theSPACE Australasia Troy Haines is Co-Founder and CEO of theSPACE Australasia in Cairns, Australia. He is also a Startup and Innovation Coach who has worked with hundreds of entrepreneurs across Australia to help them commercialize their ideas. Amongst many awards, he was named Innovation Champion in 2014 by the Minister of Innovation and Premier of Queensland. He was also inducted into the Queensland Government Innovation Wall of Fame for his work in building the North Queensland startup and innovation ecosystem. Troy and the team at theSPACE have developed startup and innovation programs, which they deliver across a wide audience, from high school students and SMEs to government (and everyone in between). He holds a Bachelor's degree in Business (Marketing) from Australia's Charles Sturt University and is currently working towards a Master's degree in Applied Innovation and Entrepreneurship from the University of Adelaide. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/994 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T Editorial: Living Labs and User Innovation (January 2016) %A Chris McPhee %A Seppo Leminen %A Dimitri Schuurman %A Mika Westerlund %A Eelko Huizingh %K closed innovation %K field trials %K impact assessment %K living labs %K Open innovation %K user engagement %K user innovation %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 3-6 %8 01/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/955 %N 1 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen's University in Kingston, Canada. He has over 15 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Laurea University of Applied Sciences Seppo Leminen holds positions as Principal Lecturer at the Laurea University of Applied Sciences and Adjunct Professor in the School of Business at Aalto University in Finland. He holds a doctoral degree in Marketing from the Hanken School of Economics and a doctoral degree in Industrial Engineering and Management in the School of Science at Aalto University. His research and consulting interests include living labs, open innovation, value co-creation and capture with users, relationships, services and business models in marketing, particularly in Internet of Things (IoT), as well as management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. Results from his research have been reported in Industrial Marketing Management, the Journal of Technology and Engineering and Management, Management Decision, the International Journal of Technology Management, the International Journal of Technology Marketing, the International Journal of Product Development, and the Technology Innovation Management Review, among many others. %3 iMinds and Ghent University Dimitri Schuurman holds a PhD (2015) and Master's degree in Communication Sciences (2003) from Ghent University in Belgium. He joined the research group iMinds – MICT – Ghent University in 2005 and started working at iMinds Living Labs in 2009. Together with his iMinds colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at startups and SMEs, in which he has managed over 50 innovation projects. As a senior researcher, Dimitri is currently responsible for the methodology and academic valorization of living lab projects. He also coordinates a dynamic team of living lab researchers from iMinds – MICT – Ghent University. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. In early 2015, he finished his PhD entitled Bridging the Gap between Open and User Innovation? Exploring the Value of Living Labs as a Means to Structure User Contribution and Manage Distributed Innovation. %4 Carleton University Mika Westerlund, DSc (Econ), is an Associate Professor at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He previously held positions as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Haas School of Business at the University of California Berkeley and in the School of Economics at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. Mika earned his doctoral degree in Marketing from the Helsinki School of Economics in Finland. His current research interests include open and user innovation, the Internet of Things, business strategy, and management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. %# University of Groningen Eelko Huizingh is an Associate Professor of Innovation Management at the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen in the Netherlands. His academic research focuses on the intersection of innovation and entrepreneurship, marketing, and information technology. He has authored over 300 articles, has edited more than 20 special issues of journals, and has published several textbooks. His consulting activities include support of companies in their strategy and innovation efforts. He is also the Director of Scientific Affairs for the International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM) and the Director of Huizingh Academic Development, through which he has run more than 50 workshops around the world to help both junior and senior academics to publish for career advancement and to attract funding through improved written communication. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/955 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T Employment Dynamics of Australian Entrepreneurship: A Management Perspective %A Luke Hendrickson %A Stan Bucifal %A Antonio Balaguer %A David Hansell %K Australia %K creative destruction %K employment %K entrepreneurship %K high growth %K innovation %K management %K productivity %K startup %X This article attempts to draw together the literature on high-growth firms and management capability using Australian Government data from the Expanded Analytical Business Longitudinal Database. We tracked cohorts of new micro-sized firms (startups) over five years from birth. Compared with startups that had a low employment growth trajectory, medium- and high-growth micro-startups exhibited higher financial performance, higher innovation activity, and a greater propensity to seek external (debt or equity) finance. From a management perspective, medium- and high-growth startups were also significantly more likely to monitor and assess their performance across a wider range of performance indicators. High-growth micro-startups exhibited significantly higher operational process and organizational/managerial innovation, a higher likelihood of foreign ownership, and a greater demand for equity finance than medium-growth micro-startups. This data is consistent with other evidence that suggests that sustained high growth comes from superior strategic management and may suggest an ongoing role for government policy in building firm management capability in order to foster employment growth. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 33-40 %8 06/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/995 %N 6 %1 Department of Industry, Innovation and Science (Australia) Luke Hendrickson is Manager of Innovation Research in the Australian Government's Department of Industry, Innovation and Science, where he is focused on innovation and measuring the performance of the national innovation system. He is principally responsible for delivering the Government’s annual Australian Innovation System Report, which is now in its seventh year. Luke’s general work interests are in the areas of productivity and competitiveness and how innovative entrepreneurship drives these outcomes across all sectors of the economy. He also has a particular interest in the economics of complexity, measuring management capability, and business eco-innovation. Luke holds a PhD from the Australian National University in Canberra. %2 Department of Industry, Innovation and Science (Australia) Stan Bucifal is a Researcher in the Australian Government's Department of Industry, Innovation and Science, where he works as a member of the Innovation Research team. His main research interests are in the field of industry policy, productivity, and innovation. He has experience in industry policy development, cost-benefit analysis applied to carbon emission abatement, and conducting research into intangible capital and the geography of innovation. Stan holds a Bachelor’s degree in Business from the Queensland University of Technology, where he majored in Economics and Finance (QUT), and a Master’s degree in Public Policy, specializing in industry strategy, from the Australian National University in Canberra. %3 Department of Industry, Innovation and Science (Australia) Antonio Balaguer is a Researcher in the Australian Government's Department of Industry, Innovation and Science, where he works as a member of the Innovation Research team. His main research interests are in the fields of innovation, management, and technological change. Antonio was initially trained as chemist and holds a PhD in Political Economy and Asian Studies from Murdoch University in Perth, Australia, and a postgraduate diploma in Public Policy from the Australian National University in Canberra. %4 Australian Bureau of Statistics David Hansell is a Researcher with the Australian Bureau of Statistics, where he has worked since 2008. His main research interests include productivity of exiting and entering firms, and characteristics associated with high-productivity firms. David has an Honours degree in Asian history from the Australian National University in Canberra and a Masters of Economics degree from Macquarie University in Sydney. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/995 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T Entrepreneurial Growth Ambitions: The Case of Finnish Technology Startups %A Arto Wallin %A Kaisa Still %A Katja Henttonen %K entrepreneurial innovation %K growth ambitions %K startups %X Technology startups are expected to be a major driving force of economic growth in Europe. The search for new high-growth startups has been particularly topical in Finland, the country that is known for its high-tech products – and the fall of Nokia’s mobile phone business. Although a record number of startups has been established in recent years, the previously identified challenge is that only a small percentage of entrepreneurial businesses are responsible for the lion’s share of economic benefits typically associated with entrepreneurial activity. Hence, we need better understanding of what level of growth technology entrepreneurs aim to create and why there may be differences in growth ambitions among them. In this study, we undertook interpretivist case study research in pursuit of rich, empirically grounded understanding of entrepreneurial growth ambitions in the context of Finnish technology startups. We interviewed entrepreneurs at a Finnish startup event and supplemented this information with data available publicly on the Internet related to the growth ambitions of startups. Our study sought to increase understanding of the different aspects of entrepreneurial growth ambitions, and to explore the relationship between context and growth. Based on the findings, we suggest that growth ambitions should be seen as a complex, socially constructed concept. The growth ambitions of entrepreneurs in our study were influenced, at least in part, by their startups' institutional and market contexts, the scalability of their business models, their personal characteristics and experience, and their perceptions of the barriers and constraints of the field. We conclude that startups have very different growth pathways: although the growth of one startup may depend on the talent of a few software developers, the growth of another startup may be based on its success in building international sales networks. As a result, to get most out of the support provided for a startup ecosystem, support activities should be tailored to different types of high-growth startups. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 5-16 %8 10/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1023 %N 10 %1 VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland) Arto Wallin is a Senior Scientist and Project Manager at VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland) in the Business, Innovation and Foresight research area. For last four years, his work has focused on business consulting, and he has helped numerous e-health startups and SMEs in the commercialization of their innovations. His recent scientific interest has been on the startup innovation process, service innovation and management, and institutional change, particularly in the field of healthcare. %2 VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland) Kaisa Still is a Senior Scientist at VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland) and Visiting Scholar at mediaX at Stanford University. Supporting collaboration and innovation with technology continues to be at the core of her career. Her current work concentrates on platforms and innovation ecosystems, accelerating innovation activities, and digital opportunities. Combined with the policy perspective, her work extends to private and public organizations, in regional and global contexts. %3 VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland) Katja Henttonen is a specialist at the VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland) in a team studying digital transformations in organizations and society. She holds an MSc degree in ICT and socio-economic development from the University of Manchester and is working towards a PhD at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland. Since joining VTT in 2006, she has worked in several research projects on technology, innovation, and entrepreneurship. Prior to that, she worked for almost ten years in the software business, both in professional and consulting roles. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1023 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T The Evolution of Intermediary Activities: Broadening the Concept of Facilitation in Living Labs %A Louna Hakkarainen %A Sampsa Hyysalo %K co-design %K elderly care %K facilitation %K health technology %K innovation intermediaries %K Living lab %X Innovation intermediaries play an important role in open innovation endeavours. In living lab projects, where different professional identities and organizational cultures are at play, intermediary actors facilitate learning between stakeholders and manage tensions and conflicts of interest. The current living lab literature recognizes the importance and multifacetedness of these actors, but does not shed light on the work they do at a more practical level. Our study seeks to capture the variety and evolution of work tasks of user-side innovation intermediaries during and after a four-year technology project in a living lab. The study explores how these mediating actors tackle the everyday challenges of a living lab project. This article is grounded on a longitudinal qualitative case study of a innovation process for a floor monitoring system for elderly care – the "smart floor". %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 45-58 %8 01/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/960 %N 1 %1 Aalto University Louna Hakkarainen, Lic.Soc.Sc., is a doctoral candidate in the School of Art, Design and Architecture of Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. She holds a licentiate degree from the University of Helsinki’s Faculty of Social Sciences. Her research focuses on social shaping of technology, living lab collaboration, and facilitation. %2 Aalto University Sampsa Hyysalo is an Associate Professor in Co-Design at the Aalto University School of Art, Design and Architecture and a Senior Researcher at the Aalto University School of Economics in Helsinki, Finland. Sampsa’s research and teaching focus on user involvement in innovation and the co-evolution of technologies, practices and organizations. He received his PhD in Behavioral Sciences from the University of Helsinki and holds a Docentship in Information Systems, specialising in user-centred design. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/960 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T Implementing Knowledge Translation Strategies in Funded Research in Canada and Australia: A Case Study %A Gabriel Moore %A Therese Fitzpatrick %A Ivy Lim-Carter %A Abby Haynes %A Anna Flego %A Barbara Snelgrove %K funded research %K implementation %K knowledge mobilization %K knowledge translation %K organizational learning %X There is an emerging literature describing the use of knowledge translation strategies to increase the relevance and usability of research, yet there are few real-world examples of how this works in practice. This case study reports on the steps taken to embed knowledge translation strategies in the Movember Foundation's Men’s Mental Health Grant Rounds in 2013–14, which were implemented in Australia and Canada, and on the support provided to the applicants in developing their knowledge translation plans. It identifies the challenges faced by the Men’s Mental Health Program Team and how these were resolved. The strategies explored include articulating knowledge translation requirements, ensuring a common understanding of knowledge translation, assessing knowledge translation plans, methods of engaging end users, and building capacity with applicants. An iterative approach to facilitating knowledge translation planning within project development was rolled out in Australia just prior to Canada so that lessons learned were immediately available to refine the second roll out. Implementation included the use of external knowledge translation expertise, the development of knowledge translation plans, and the need for internal infrastructure to support monitoring and reporting. Differences in the Australian and Canadian contexts may point to differential exposure to the concepts and practices of knowledge translation. This case study details an example of designing and implementing an integrated knowledge translation strategy that moves beyond traditional dissemination models. Lessons learned point to the importance of a long lead-up time, the use of knowledge translation expertise for capacity building, the need for flexible implementation, and the need for efficiencies in supporting applicants. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 16-27 %8 09/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1016 %N 9 %1 Sax Institute Gabriel Moore is the Principal Policy Analyst, Knowledge Exchange at the Sax Institute where she has worked in knowledge translation and exchange with health policy and practice agencies for over 10 years. Her responsibilities include oversight of the Evidence Check rapid review program, knowledge brokering, and service development, and she was the lead author of the Movember Foundation Knowledge Translation Strategy. Gabriel previously worked for ten years in the health sector and is currently completing a PhD in knowledge translation. %2 Movember Foundation Therese Fitzpatrick is the Global Mental Health Director at the Movember Foundation. In this role, she has responsibility for the development and implementation of the Foundation’s Mental Health Strategy and investments made in this area. Therese has over 20 years’ experience in health, spanning clinical work, program development and implementation, advocacy, and evaluation at local, national, and international levels. She has postgraduate qualifications in public health and business management, and undergraduate qualifications in Occupational Therapy (BAOT Hons). %3 Movember Foundation Ivy Lim-Carter is the Canadian Men’s Health Program Manager for the Movember Foundation. She has over 20 years of experience in Research Grants Management within the health charity sector, predominantly in neurodegenerative diseases. Most recently, Ivy has worked as the Director of Research and Clinical Programs for Parkinson Society Canada. Ivy is a contributing author on Canadian clinical practice guidelines and trained in the application of techniques for moving evidence-informed research and knowledge in mental health into practice. %4 CIPHER Abby Haynes is the Senior Research Officer for the Centre for Informing Policy in Health with Evidence from Research (CIPHER), which is investigating what tools, skills, and systems might contribute to an increased use of research in policy and program development. She has worked in the health and community sector for over 20 years, first as a social worker and then as a researcher on state and federal government projects, and at the University of Sydney. %# Movember Foundation Anna Flego is the Project Manager of the Movember Foundation’s Global Men’s Health Survey. Anna has over 18 years of experience working in healthcare and health research providing her with invaluable knowledge about promoting healthy lifestyles both at the individual and population health levels. Prior to working for the Foundation, Anna worked as a Research Fellow at Deakin University, Australia in Health Economics/Program Evaluation predominantly in obesity prevention. She has published in the peer reviewed literature and been a reviewer for a number of public health and health economics journals. Anna also has a clinical background in physiotherapy. %$ Movember Foundation Barbara Snelgrove provides program support to the Canadian Men’s Health Program with the Movember Foundation, and is the project coordinator for the Community of Practice implementation. With over 20 years’ experience in the health charity sector, Barbara has developed national education programs for a variety of audiences, including patient-centred resources, and online accredited courses for health care providers. Barbara has been the project manager on the publication of Canadian clinical practice guidelines, as well as a contributing author. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1016 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T Priority Systems at Theme Parks from the Perspective of Managers and Customers %A Gilda Hernandez-Maskivker %A Gerard Ryan %K innovation %K managers %K priority queues %K theme parks %K tourism %K tourist behaviour %K waiting time %X Waiting times are becoming an increasingly important customer-experience challenge in theme parks. The seemingly ever-present problem of long queues for rides and attractions is being tackled by the development of priority systems. These innovations allow customers to join an alternative queue that bypasses the congestion faced by regular customers. In other words, by paying extra, customers can purchase the right to be served sooner. Such systems are becoming prevalent, but there is a lack of empirical research into priority systems at theme parks in the academic and management literature, which suggests that in-depth empirical analysis is necessary in order to understand the consumer decision-making process when making this purchase. This article examines priority systems at theme parks both from the viewpoint of park management and of customers. To address this gap, we surveyed nearly 1,000 customers at a major theme park in Spain and conducted semi-structured interviews with 10 theme park managers to assess both customer and manager attitudes towards waiting generally and priority systems specifically. Our results reveal that these priority systems facilitate market segmentation. When theme parks offer this "wait or pay" option, different groups of customers are identified based on their attitudes: those who wait in regular lines and those who are willing to pay to avoid lines. Thus, this innovative system creates an important source of new revenue while also improving the customer experience by reducing waiting times and minimizing congestion. Following a discussion of our results, we offer practical recommendations to managers who need to address the challenges of waiting times in theme parks and wish to improve both profits and customer experiences by implementing a priority system. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 40-47 %8 11/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1034 %N 11 %1 Rovira i Virgili University Gilda Hernandez-Maskivker is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Business Management at Rovira i Virgili University in Tarragona, Spain. She has a PhD in Tourism and Leisure and a Master's degree in Analytical Techniques and Innovation in Tourism, both from Rovira i Virgili University. Her main research line is on waiting times in tourism services and tourist behaviour. Gilda has also collaborated with the Maldives National University Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism Studies in Malé, Maldives; HTSI-ESADE in Barcelona, Spain; Ostelea-EAE in Barcelona; and the European University School for Tourism in Milan, Italy. %2 Rovira i Virgili University Gerard Ryan is an Associate Professor and accredited Full Professor (ANECA, Spain) in Marketing at Rovira i Virgili University in Tarragona, Spain, and he is a Visiting Fellow at Cornell University in Ithaca, USA. He is a founding member of FHOM, which is part of the Catalan government’s map of official research groups. He is on the editorial advisory board of the Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, la Revista Escritos Contables y de Administración, and the Irish Journal of Management. He is a regular reviewer and an award recipient of the Emerald Group for his research. His main research interests are consumers, time, and waiting. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1034 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Editorial: Living Labs and User Innovation (December 2015) %A Chris McPhee %A Seppo Leminen %A Dimitri Schuurman %A Mika Westerlund %A Eelko Huizingh %K business models %K closed innovation %K context %K crowdsourcing %K innovation networks %K living labs %K Open innovation %K spaces and places %K urban living labs %K user innovation %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 3-5 %8 12/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/947 %N 12 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen's University in Kingston, Canada. He has over 15 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Laurea University of Applied Sciences Seppo Leminen holds positions as Principal Lecturer at the Laurea University of Applied Sciences and Adjunct Professor in the School of Business at Aalto University in Finland. He holds a doctoral degree in Marketing from the Hanken School of Economics and a doctoral degree in Industrial Engineering and management in the School of Science at Aalto University. His research and consulting interests include living labs, open innovation, value co-creation and capture with users, relationships, services and business models in marketing, particularly in Internet of Things (IoT), as well as management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. Results from his research have been reported in Industrial Marketing Management, the Journal of Technology and Engineering and Management, Management Decision, the International Journal of Technology Management, the International Journal of Technology Marketing, the International Journal of Product Development, and the Technology Innovation Management Review, among many others. %3 iMinds and Ghent University Dimitri Schuurman holds a PhD (2015) and Master's degree in Communication Sciences (2003) from Ghent University in Belgium. He joined the research group iMinds – MICT – Ghent University in 2005 and started working at iMinds Living Labs in 2009. Together with his iMinds colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at startups and SMEs, in which he has managed over 50 innovation projects. As a senior researcher, Dimitri is currently responsible for the methodology and academic valorization of living lab projects. He also coordinates a dynamic team of living lab researchers from iMinds – MICT – Ghent University. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. In early 2015, he finished his PhD entitled Bridging the Gap between Open and User Innovation? Exploring the Value of Living Labs as a Means to Structure User Contribution and Manage Distributed Innovation. %4 Carleton University Mika Westerlund, DSc (Econ), is an Associate Professor at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He previously held positions as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Haas School of Business at the University of California Berkeley and in the School of Economics at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. Mika earned his doctoral degree in Marketing from the Helsinki School of Economics in Finland. His current research interests include open and user innovation, the Internet of Things, business strategy, and management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. %# University of Groningen Eelko Huizingh is an Associate Professor of Innovation Management at the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen in the Netherlands. His academic research focuses on the intersection of innovation and entrepreneurship, marketing, and information technology. He has authored over 300 articles, has edited more than 20 special issues of journals, and has published several textbooks. His consulting activities include support of companies in their strategy and innovation efforts. He is also the Director of Scientific Affairs for the International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM) and the Director of Huizingh Academic Development, through which he has run more than 50 workshops around the world to help both junior and senior academics to publish for career advancement and to attract funding through improved written communication. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/947 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Governance Solutions for Wicked Problems: Metropolitan Innovation Ecosystems as Frontrunners to Sustainable Well-Being %A Timo J. Hämäläinen %K cities %K complexity %K governance %K sustainability %K well-being %K wicked problem %X The growing specialization and interdependence of societies as well as their rapid technological and economic transformation have increased the level of uncertainty and complexity in decision making and the role of wicked problems in policy making. This article analyzes the nature and evolution of wicked problems and argues that they stem from the gap between the complexity of the policy problem and the variety of the corresponding governance arrangements. This complexity gap can be closed with new governance solutions that include participation, interaction, and cooperation among stakeholders; collective learning processes; coordination by mutual adjustment and clear systemic direction, decentralization, diversity, and experimentation; and effective measures to overcome system rigidities and development bottlenecks. For several reasons, cities and metropolitan areas provide ideal ecosystems for addressing wicked problems. They have the requisite variety of resources, capabilities and services, physical proximity that facilitates rich face-to-face communication, learning and cooperation, as well as the right scope for producing and experimenting with the necessary public goods and services. The article concludes by arguing that Finland could become a global frontrunner in solving wicked problems in policy making by adopting a strategy of sustainable well-being. This strategy would build on the world-class well-being knowledge within the Finnish welfare state and the rapidly growing international research on subjective well-being and happiness. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 31-41 %8 10/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/935 %N 10 %1 Sitra Timo Hämäläinen is a Fellow in the Strategy Unit of Sitra, the Finnish Innovation Fund, and he is a Docent (Adjunct Professor) of International Business in the University of Eastern Finland. He has also been a visiting scholar in the OECD, Paris, and the Wilson Center, Washington, DC. He holds an MSc in Marketing from Aalto University (Helsinki School of Economics) in Finland and an MBA and a PhD in International Business from Rutgers University in New Jersey, United States. Timo’s research has focused on organizational strategy and theory, institutional economics, long socio-economic cycles, social and institutional innovation, everyday life and well-being, public-sector governance, as well as innovation and industrial policy. His most recent research projects have centered on the changing nature of well-being in advanced societies, sustainable socio-economic model and the development of new business ecosystems. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/935 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Orchestrators of Innovation-Driven Regional Development: Experiences from the INNOFOKUS Project and Change2020 Programme %A Mervi Rajahonka %A Toni Pienonen %A Riikka Kuusisto %A Jari Handelberg %K agile project development %K experimentation-driven development %K high-impact projects %K orchestrator %K regional development %K regional innovation ecosystem %K smart specialisation %K smart specialization %X The article takes a practical view of regional innovation ecosystems and presents ways to advance more efficient uses of public funding instruments by regional developers. Documenting the views of Finnish regional developers into two workbooks and a toolbox, the results of the INNOFOKUS project and its Change2020 development programme identified that promoting a high-impact project culture and smart specialization in Finland requires a continuous learning and participation process. Key individuals who can make this happen are innovation orchestrators who facilitate activities and compose the big picture. This article aims to bring forth an overview of the building blocks of an enriching and energizing environment and high-impact projects, and it presents an overview of how to enable the work of innovation orchestrators, who play a critical role in facilitating innovation ecosystems. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 52-62 %8 10/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/937 %N 10 %1 Aalto University Mervi Rajahonka (D.Sc. (Econ)) works in the Aalto University School of Business Small Business Center (SBC) in Helsinki, Finland, as a project specialist and a researcher working with various research themes such as innovation, impact evaluation, and business and service models in areas such as creative industries, entrepreneurship, and logistics services. Mervi acted as a researcher in the INNOFOKUS project. %2 Business Arena Oy Toni Pienonen is a Project Designer at the Business Arena Oy in Jyväskylä, Finland, where he works on themes related to university–business cooperation, entrepreneurship, and participatory regional development. Toni acted as a facilitator in the INNOFOKUS Change2020 programme and is a co-author of the two programme workbooks. %3 Aalto University Riikka Kuusisto works in the Aalto University School of Business Small Business Center (SBC) in Helsinki, Finland, and he was project manager of the INNOFOKUS project. She has nearly ten years of experience and expertise in innovation and knowledge management systems development. Riikka is also a specialist in e-learning, online collaboration, and online working models. %4 Aalto University Jari Handelberg (D.Sc. (Econ)) is Research Director at the Aalto University School of Business Small Business Center (SBC) in Helsinki, Finland. He has long-term experience in managing EU-funded projects. His research interests focus on entrepreneurship and regional development. Jari was a member of the INNOFOKUS project steering group and was an active participant in the Change2020 programme. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/937 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Personal Health Systems Technologies: Critical Issues in Service Innovation and Diffusion %A Doris Schartinger %A Ian Miles %A Ozcan Saritas %A Effie Amanatidou %A Susanne Giesecke %A Barbara Heller-Schuh %A Laura Pombo-Juarez %A Günter Schreier %K ehealth %K foresight studies %K health and social care %K healthcare %K innovation ecosystem %K mhealth %K personal health systems %K service innovation %K service systems %K stakeholders %K system design %K technology adoption %X Personal health system (PHS) technologies can enhance public and private health service delivery and provide new business opportunities in Europe and around the world. Although much PHS technology has already been developed and could potentially provide virtually everyone with access to personalized healthcare, research driven primarily by a technology push may fail, because it fails to situate PHS within the wider health and social care service systems. In this article, we explore the scattered PHS research and innovation landscape, as well its relevant markets, using several types of analyses: bibliometrics, patent analysis, social network analysis, stakeholder workshops, and interviews. Our analyses aim to identify critical issues in the development and implementation of service systems around PHS technologies. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 46-57 %8 02/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/873 %N 2 %1 Austrian Institute of Technology Doris Schartinger is a Scientist at the Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) in Vienna, Austria. She studied Economics, and her primary focus of research is technological change and economic development. She covered many aspects of innovation processes and diffusion in private manufacturing firms, public organizations, public-private networks, and service innovation. Her recent projects concentrated on innovation in the healthcare service system and intellectual property rights as indicators for innovation. She has been involved in a number of contract research projects for different clients and is experienced in co-ordinating and managing such projects. (See end of article for further author biographies.) %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/873 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Sustainable Innovation: A Competitive Advantage for Innovation Ecosystems %A Kaisa Oksanen %A Antti Hautamäki %K innovation %K innovation ecosystem %K sustainability %K sustainable innovation %K well-being %X In this article, we elaborate the emerging concept of sustainable innovation and analyze the relevance of innovation as a means to solve wicked problems and enhancing sustainable well-being. We also examine the changing conditions for innovation creation: building global knowledge hubs and local innovation ecosystems. As a result, the drivers of innovation and opportunities to utilize the untapped innovation potential of people outside traditional innovation contexts are expanded and diversified. Ultimately, the success of sustainable innovation constitutes its impact on the well-being of people and vice versa: sustainable well-being is an important source of innovation and growth. The article adds to the conceptual development of sustainable innovation and its motivation, which lies in combining competitiveness, the well-being of people, and inclusive solutions. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 24-30 %8 10/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/934 %N 10 %1 Prime Minister’s Office, Finland Kaisa Oksanen, PhD, is a Senior Specialist at the Prime Minister’s Office, Finland. Her key expertise is related to foresight, socio-technical change, and innovation ecosystems. Previously, she worked at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, working with foresight and bio-economy transition. Her background is in social and political sciences, and she has done research on systemic innovation, futures studies, science and innovation policy, service innovation, and sustainable well-being. She has also worked as a research coordinator and innovation researcher in the Agora Center at the University of Jyväskylä and in Finland’s Futures Research Centre at the University of Turku. %2 University of Jyväskylä Antti Hautamäki, PhD, now a Professor Emeritus, was a Research Professor of Service Innovation and the Director of Agora Center at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland. He is also an Adjunct Professor of Philosophy at the University of Helsinki. Antti has published and edited about thirty books and published two hundred articles about philosophy, cognitive science, and innovation. Currently, he works in his firm: Consulting Sustainable Innovation. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/934 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T TIM Lecture Series – Improving the Self-Service Customer Experience: The Case of IBM Watson and Purple Forge %A Brian Hurley %K apps %K cognitive computing %K IBM Watson %K mobile platforms %K natural language %K Purple Forge %K question and answer %K self-service %K virtual agent %K voice recognition %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 36-40 %8 09/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/929 %N 9 %1 Purple Forge Brian Hurley is the President and CEO of Purple Forge. He is an entrepreneurial leader with over 30 years of experience in building strong teams, innovative products, and international businesses. He previously founded Liquid Computing in 2003 and, as its CEO, raised over $44 million in venture financing, built a world-class team, delivered an award-winning product to market, and won international sales. He has built and led numerous successful business teams in Nortel, Bell-Northern Research, and Microtel Pacific Research. Brian is the author of the bestselling book A Small Business Guide to Doing Big Business on the Internet. He was the 2007 winner of the OCRI "Next Generation Executive" award. Brian is a member of the GTEC SCOAP Honouree Selection Committee, and he is a past member of the Ottawa Chamber of Commerce board of directors. Brian graduated from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, with a Bachelor of Engineering. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/929 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T TIM Lecture Series – When Are Software Systems Safe Enough? %A Chris Hobbs %K risk %K safety %K safety-critical systems %K security %K software systems %K standards %K testing %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 56-58 %8 12/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/953 %N 12 %1 QNX Software Systems Chris Hobbs is a Software Safety Consultant at QNX Software Systems in Ottawa, Canada. He was educated as a mathematical philosopher, but finding few jobs available for mathematical philosophers, fell enthusiastically into computer programming where he has spent the last 40 years avoiding management positions and remaining at the leading edge of software development. At QNX Software Systems, he is part of a team focussed on deploying QNX's operating system into safety-critical systems. He works on the safety certification of QNX's products and spends a lot of time with QNX's customers, helping them to design systems to meet specific safety requirements. He is the author of Embedded Software Development for Safety-Critical Systems and The Largest Number Smaller Than Five. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/953 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Viability Radar: A Practical Tool for Assessing the Viability of Transformative Service Innovations in a Healthcare Context %A Marikka Heikkilä %A Jouni Saarni %A Valtteri Kaartemo %A Aki Koponen %K business model %K ecosystem %K healthcare %K innovation %K institutionalization %K technology %K transformative service %K viability %K viability assessment %K viability radar %X This article develops and showcases the viability radar, which is designed to assess the innovation potential of transformative service ideas. Based on service research and innovation literature, we highlight the importance of novel simplifying technology, supporting value networks, cost-effective business models, and regulatory environments that enable the renewal of prevailing market practices. We operationalize the radar with a set of questions and assess the innovation potential of three pilot cases of new transformative healthcare services. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 17-30 %8 05/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/895 %N 5 %1 University of Turku Marikka Heikkilä is a Senior Research Fellow at the University of Turku, Finland. She has an interest in information systems, business models and business model innovation, and collaboration and coordination in business networks, especially with regard to services. Currently, she works for a Horizon2020 project (ENVISION) aiming at activating small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) across Europe to re-think and transform their business models with the help of an easy-to-use, open-access web platform. Marikka holds an MSc and a Licentiate of Science in Economics and Information Systems from the Helsinki School of Economics in Finland. She received her PhD from the Faculty of Information Technology at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland. %2 University of Turku Jouni Saarni is a Development Manager in the Center for Collaborative Research at Turku School of Economics, University of Turku, Finland. He plans and executes joint research projects in collaboration with different interest groups. Saarni has background in industry analyses, innovation studies, and regulation evaluations. His research interests relate to industry dynamics, market competition, and technological change. %3 University of Turku Valtteri Kaartemo (D.Sc.) is University Lecturer of Global Innovation Management at Turku School of Economics, University of Turku, Finland. Apart from teaching, he is actively involved in various research projects around healthcare innovations and renewing business practices. His major interests can be found in the intersection of international entrepreneurship, service, network, and process research. He has presented his research findings in various conferences and journals worldwide, including the International Journal of Business Excellence, Idäntutkimus, and Форсайт. %4 University of Turku Aki Koponen is the Director and Founder of the Centre for Collaborative Research at Turku School of Economic, University of Turku, Finland. During the last 10 years, he has led over 50 interdisciplinary research, development, and consulting projects. Topics of the research include economic analysis of market competitiveness, effects of new legislation and regulation on competitiveness, competition in service industries, and market-based solutions for healthcare services. In addition to traditional competition policy issues, he has been in charge of several projects focused on innovation activity, industry dynamics, and strategic renewal, as well as regional development. He is also an active speaker and a regular commentator in regional and national media. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/895 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Who Inhabits a Business Ecosystem? The Technospecies as a Unifying Concept %A Michael L. Weber %A Michael J. Hine %K business ecosystem %K business environment %K complex adaptive systems %K technospecies %X Currently, many terms are used to describe business ecosystems and their inhabitants. These terms have meanings that can cause definitional confusion and an ambiguous level of analysis as to what constitutes a business ecosystem. To understand business ecosystem relationships, an unambiguous understanding of the ecosystem components is required. The importance of standardized terminology and clear definitions of these components has been recognized in the literature. From a managerial perspective, identifying the relationships a firm is situated in is valuable and useful information that can be practically applied. We propose a business ecosystem model anchored around interdependent technospecies similar to the biological model that many of the existing concepts are drawn from. Technospecies are unique entities based on their organizational routines, capabilities, and use of technology. This article will present an alternative formulation of the business ecosystem model with the aim of synthesizing the diverse terminology presently in use into a concise, common language. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 31-44 %8 05/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/896 %N 5 %1 Carleton University Michael L. Weber is a PhD candidate in the Sprott School of Business at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and he is the undergraduate lab coordinator in Carleton University's Department of Biology He holds a BScH degree in Biology and an MMS degree in Information Technology, also from Carleton University. His primary research interests are in food supply chain security, business ecosystems, and electronic communication and negotiation. He has published in journals including Group Decision and Negotiation and Electronic Markets. %2 Carleton University Michael J. Hine is an Associate Professor of Information Systems in the Sprott School of Business at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. His primary research interests are in online services, online reviews, health informatics and how individual human differences play out in computer-mediated work environments. In addition to BCom and MSc degrees, he holds a PhD in Computer Information Systems from Arizona State University. He has published in journals including but not limited to, the Journal of Management Information Systems, Communications of the ACM, Group Decision and Negotiation, and Electronic Markets. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/896 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2014 %T Developing a Social Network as a Means of Obtaining Entrepreneurial Knowledge Needed for Internationalization %A Chen Han %A Adeleye Afolabi %K business relationships %K entrepreneurship %K internationalization %K knowledge acquisition %K social networks %X An internationalization process for startups is based on the exchange of knowledge and other resources required for early internationalization and fast growth, and it requires ventures to identify opportunities, conduct business, and gain a competitive advantage in a foreign market. But, how do entrepreneurs obtain the knowledge required for internationalization? Previous research suggests a role for the utilization of social networks, leading managers to ask three basic questions: i) what kinds of knowledge-based resources are urgently needed by international new ventures?, ii) how do needs for knowledge change according to different stages in the internationalization process?, and iii) how can changing needs for knowledge be met by developing and leveraging a social network? In this article, we review the related literature, discuss potential answers to these basic questions, and we suggest how a dynamic process can guide new ventures to acquire knowledge for developing resources and conducting business toward internationalization. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 4 %P 11-18 %8 09/2014 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/827 %N 9 %1 Carleton University Chen Han is a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. She has more than eight years working experience in product design, user experience design, and project management. She built and led an independent technical team to provide overall solutions and outsourcing services for various clients including world's top media, Internet startups, and multinational firms. Currently, she is working with the founder team of Pricebeater, a international startup offering tools for online shopping in North America. %2 Carleton University Adeleye Afolabi is a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He also holds a Bachelor's degree in Information Resources Management from Babcock University in Nigeria. He is a business-driven technology enthusiast with high-level management experience as the co-founder of Aregen Apparel, Afolexy Project Limited, and Abidafosi Enterprises; a smart-casual clothing company, a registered trucking and haulage business, and a petroleum transport company, respectively. He has work experience in the fields of broadcasting (streaming and telnetting) and finance, with Zenith Bank Group. His research interests include technopreneurial innovation, business information management, and social media marketing. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/827 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2014 %T Disruptive Innovation vs Disruptive Technology: The Disruptive Potential of the Value Propositions of 3D Printing Technology Startups %A Finn Hahn %A Søren Jensen %A Stoyan Tanev %K 3D printing technology %K additive manufacturing %K disruptive innovation %K value proposition %X This article describes an empirical study focusing on the classification of existing business opportunities in the 3D printing technology sector. The authors address three research questions. First, how do technology startups integrate new 3D printing technologies into specific market offers? Second, which value propositions are most attractive in terms of interest from the public and investors? Third, how does the degree of disruptiveness of value propositions relate to the degree of interest from the public and investors? The most notable finding is the link between the business traction of 3D printing technology startups and the degree of disruptiveness of their value propositions. Thus, the article provides empirical support for the conceptualization of the degree of disruptiveness of the value proposition as a metric for the evaluation of the business potential of new technology startups. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 4 %P 27-36 %8 12/2014 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/855 %N 12 %1 Egatec A/S Finn Hahn is a Product Development Engineer at Egatec A/S in Odense, Denmark. He holds an MSc (Eng) degree in Product Development & Innovation from the University of Southern Denmark and a BEng in Interaction Design. His special interest is in shaping technology in a way that technology products and systems become more meaningful to people. Finn is also working with entrepreneurship and business-development strategies where he is trying to incorporate the insights gained in the area of interaction design. %2 University of Southern Denmark Søren Jensen is an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Southern Denmark. Previously, he worked in a seed-financing company analyzing technology business ideas. As investment analyst, his special interests lay within intellectual property and technology assessment. He now teaches intellectual property and entrepreneurial business understanding. Søren is also Head of the PDI MSC engineering program, an interdisciplinary engineering program training students to act on the border between technical and business understanding. %3 University of Southern Denmark Stoyan Tanev is an Associate Professor in the Department of Technology and Innovation at the University of Southern Denmark, Odense, as well as Adjunct Professor in the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, where he was previously a faculty member in the Technology Innovation Management Program. He has a MSc and a PhD in Physics jointly from the University Pierre and Marie Curie in Paris, France, and the University of Sofia, Bulgaria. He also holds a PhD in Theology from the University of Sofia, Bulgaria, an MEng in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and an MA from the University of Sherbrooke, Canada. He has multidisciplinary research interests with a focus on the fields of technology entrepreneurship and innovation management, born-global technology startups, business model design, and value co-creation. Dr. Tanev is a Senior IEEE member, and he is a member of the editorial boards of the Technology Innovation Management Review and the International Journal of Actor-Network Theory and Technological Innovation. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/855 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2014 %T Editorial: Emerging Technologies (March 2014) %A Chris McPhee %A David Hudson %K 3D printing %K big data analytics %K BYOD %K crowdsourcing %K emerging technology %K entrepreneurship %K innovation %K IT consumerization %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 4 %P 3-6 %8 03/2014 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/769 %N 3 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen's University in Kingston. He has over 15 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Carleton University David Hudson is a lecturer in information technology and innovation in the MBA program at Carleton University’s Sprott School of Business in Ottawa, Canada. He is a Director of the Venus Cybersecurity Corporation and the Lead To Win entrepreneurship program, and he is the Chair of the Advisory Board for the Province of Ontario Centres of Excellence Information, Communication, and Digital Media Sector. David also consults with F500 firms on innovation management. David's doctoral research at Carleton focused on IT consumerization and how employees create value for themselves and their firms when they "BYOD". Previously, he was the Vice President for advanced research and development at a large technology firm and has received Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Systems Design Engineering from the University of Waterloo, Canada. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/769 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2014 %T Enabling Employee Entrepreneurship in Large Technology Firms %A Walter Miron %A David Hudson %K autonomy %K competitive aggressiveness %K corporate venturing %K development projects %K emancipation %K employee entrepreneurship %K entrepreneurial orientation %K innovativeness %K intrapraneurship %K proactiveness %K risk taking %K value creation %X Managers of development projects in large technology firms face a dilemma. They operate under pressure to achieve predictable quality, cost, and schedule objectives but are also expected to encourage their employees to act entrepreneurially. Given the uncertain nature of the entrepreneurial process, these managers often cling to existing practices and values and consequently inhibit their employees’ ability to act entrepreneurially. In this article, we examine the product development and entrepreneurship literature streams to identify the barriers that managers of development projects of large technology firms face in allowing employees to act entrepreneurially. We organize these barriers using the five components of entrepreneurial orientation: risk taking, proactiveness, innovativeness, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy. Then, building on the literature and our combined 40 years of experience managing development projects in large technology firms, we provide recommendations to managers on how to overcome these barriers. A better understanding of how to enable employees to act entrepreneurially will increase the entrepreneurial orientation of development projects in large technology firms. The relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and development project performance is expected to be curvilinear. Therefore, an increase in entrepreneurial orientation is expected to improve the performance of development projects up to a point after which it is expected to decrease it. This article will be particularly relevant to researchers interested in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and project performance as well as managers in technology firms who want to achieve their operational milestones while maximizing the entrepreneurial value creation of their employees. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 4 %P 23-32 %8 02/2014 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/766 %N 2 %1 TELUS Communications Walter Miron is a Director of Technology Strategy at TELUS Communications, where he is responsible for the evolution of their TCP/IP and optical networks. He has over 20 years of experience in enterprise and service provider networking conducting technology selection and service development projects. Walter is a member of the research program committee of the SAVI project, the Heavy Reading Global Ethernet Executive Council, the ATOPs SDN/nFV Working Group, and he represents TELUS at the Venus Cybersecurity Corporation and Invest Ottawa. He is frequently a speaker at industry conferences and working groups. Walter is currently a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. %2 Carleton University David Hudson is a lecturer in information technology and innovation in the MBA program at Carleton University’s Sprott School of Business in Ottawa, Canada. He is a Director of the Venus Cybersecurity Corporation and the Lead To Win entrepreneurship program, and he is the Chair of the Advisory Board for the Province of Ontario Centres of Excellence Information, Communication, and Digital Media Sector. David also consults with F500 firms on innovation management. David's doctoral research at Carleton focused on IT consumerization and how employees create value for themselves and their firms when they "BYOD". Previously, he was the Vice President for advanced research and development at a large technology firm and has had an extensive career in technology development and product line management. David received Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Systems Design Engineering from the University of Waterloo, Canada. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/766 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2014 %T Q&A. What Motivates Cyber-Attackers? %A Chen Han %A Rituja Dongre %K cyber-attack %K cybercrime %K cybersecurity %K hackers %K motivation %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 4 %P 40-42 %8 10/2014 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/838 %N 10 %1 Carleton University Chen Han is a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. She has more than 8 years working experience in product design, User interface design and project management. She built and led an independent technical team that provides overall solutions and outsourcing services for various clients including world's top media, Internet startups, and multinational firms. Currently, she is working with founder team of Pricebeater, a global startup offering tools for online shopping in North America. %2 Carleton University Rituja Dongre is a graduate student in Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. She holds a Bachelor's Degree in Electronic and Telecommunication from the Nagpur University, India, and has worked as an Associate Consultant in Capgemini India. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/838 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2014 %T Radical Versus Incremental Innovation: The Importance of Key Competences in Service Firms %A Marit Engen %A Inger Elisabeth Holen %K community innovation survey %K competences %K innovation %K innovation novelty %K services %X Today, innovation often takes place using open practices and relies on many sources for knowledge and information. The purpose of this article is to study how different knowledge-based antecedents influence the ability of service organizations to innovate. Using data about the Norwegian service sector from the 2010 Community Innovation Survey, we examined how three types of competence, namely R&D activities, employee-based activities, and customer-related activities, influence the propensity of firms to introduce radical or incremental innovations. The results show that R&D-based competence is important for service firms when pursuing radical innovations, whereas employee-based activities such as idea collaboration are only found to influence incremental innovations. The use of customer information was found to be an important driver for both radical and incremental innovations. The findings points to managerial challenges in creating and balancing the types of competence needed, depending on type of innovation targeted by an organization. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 4 %P 15-25 %8 04/2014 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/781 %N 4 %1 Lillehammer University College Marit Engen is an Assistant Professor at Lillehammer University College, Norway, where she is also a PhD student at The Centre for Innovation in Services. Her research project focuses on the management of employee-driven service innovation with a particular focus on idea creation in frontline employees and how ideas from the front end are absorbed into the innovation processes in service organizations. She holds an MSc in Marketing from Buskerud and Vestfold University College, Norway, with a specialization in knowledge management. She has worked as an advisor in the tourism sector for several years and has broad experience from projects in both the private and public sectors. %2 Lillehammer University College Inger Elisabeth Holen is a PhD student in the field of public and private service innovation at the Centre of Innovation in Services at Lillehammer University College, Norway. Her research has a special focus on linkages between innovation activity and business performance in service firms, but also on how public policy can stimulate innovation. She holds an MSc in Business and Economics from the BI Norwegian Business School in Oslo, Norway. She is also a co-owner of a milk-producing farm and has experience from agriculture and business consulting, and she has worked with a variety of entrepreneurs as well as established companies. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/781 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2014 %T TIM Lecture Series – The Laboratory for Analytic Sciences: Developing the Art and Science of Analysis %A J. David Harris %K analysis %K analytics %K big data %K collaboration %K cybersecurity %K framework %K innovation %K instrumentation %K monitoring %K prediction %K strategy %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 4 %P 52-54 %8 07/2014 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/813 %N 7 %1 Laboratory for Analytic Sciences J. David Harris is the inaugural Director of the Laboratory for Analytic Sciences in Raleigh, North Carolina, where the aim is to develop a science of analysis and analytic methodology. During nearly 25 years service with the U. S. Department of Defense, David has worked in a variety of technical and leadership positions in areas of research and development, technology transfer, and operations. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/813 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2014 %T Turning Technology into Business Using University Patents %A Dap Hartmann %K commercialization %K entrepreneurship education %K multi-disciplinary team work %K patents %K student entrepreneurs %K technology entrepreneurship %K university research %X We present an education paradigm that stimulates innovation and entrepreneurship through a master's-level university course: "Turning Technology into Business". The course was specifically designed to connect technological research with education using patented technologies developed at the research faculties of a technical university in the Netherlands. We outline the structure and the main content of the course and explain the selection process of both the patents used in the course and the students admitted to the course. This program was initiated at Delft University of Technology in 2003 and has resulted in 10 startups that have commercialized new technologies and at least two additional dozen startups that are indirect spinoffs. To illustrate the potential of this approach, we describe the case of Holland Container Innovations, a company founded by students who developed a foldable sea container during the course. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 4 %P 37-43 %8 12/2014 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/856 %N 12 %1 Delft University of Technology Dap Hartmann is an Associate Professor of Innovation Management and Entrepreneurship at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands. He holds has a PhD in Astronomy (Leiden, 1994) and worked as a Visiting Scientist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, MA. He is a five-time recipient of the New Venture Prize for the best entrepreneurship education in the Netherlands. In 2010, he received the Delft Entrepreneurial Motivator award. Together with composer and conductor Reinbert de Leeuw, he is currently writing a book on 20th century classical music. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/856 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2014 %T Using Trademarks to Measure Innovation in Knowledge-Intensive Business Services %A Matthias Gotsch %A Christiane Hipp %K innovation %K innovation indicator %K KIBS %K knowledge-intensive business services %K trademarks %X We present an empirical approach to measuring service innovation on the company level through the analysis of trademarks. Prior empirical investigations in several industries have shown that a trademark may be used as an innovation indicator. This article explores the use and relevance of trademarks by conducting a survey in the knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) industries with 278 participating companies. Our survey results explain the use of trademarks as a way to protect innovation and intellectual property for KIBS. In sum, we show that trademarks can be described as adequate and useful indicators to measure new service innovations in the KIBS industries. Additionally, we show that trademarks have the potential to overcome weaknesses of traditional measurement concepts towards KIBS innovation and might make special surveys redundant in the future. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 4 %P 18-30 %8 05/2014 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/790 %N 5 %1 Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI Matthias Gotsch is a senior researcher in the Competence Center for Industrial and Service Innovations at the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI in Karlsruhe, Germany. He holds a PhD from Brandenburg Technical University of Cottbus for his research on innovation measurement in the knowledge-intensive services industry and a German university diploma in Industrial Engineering with the focus on industrial business, technology, and innovation management from the University of Erlangen-Nürnberg. He has expertise in service innovations, industrial services, and designing innovative service-based business models and has contributed several papers and articles to the field of service science. %2 Technical University Cottbus Christiane Hipp is Dean and Professor for Organisation, Human Resource Management and General Management at the Technical University Cottbus, Germany. She received her diploma in Industrial Engineering in 1994 and her PhD in Economics in 1999. From 1995 until 1999. Christiane was a Research Associate at the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research. She received her postdoctoral lecture qualification in 2005. Her areas of interest include demographical change, service innovation, innovation strategies, intellectual property, and innovation processes. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/790 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Addressing Canada's Commercialization Crisis and Shortage of Venture Capital: Will the Federal Government’s Solution Work? %A Stephen A. Hurwitz %K 2013 Venture Capital Action Plan %K Canada %K commercialization %K labour-sponsored venture capital corporations %K VC %K venture capital %X Lack of funding is a major challenge to innovation in Canada’s emerging technology industry. This article will focus on this supply-side challenge within the complex venture capital ecosystem and discuss: i) the current shortage of venture capital available to commercialize Canada’s R&D; ii) the causes and consequences of that venture capital shortage; iii) how the federal government will address this shortage through its innovative 2013 Venture Capital Action Plan, which commits $400 million and seeks to raise at least another $800 million from outside investors; and iv) how a separate decision in the federal 2013 budget to phase out federal tax credits for labour-sponsored venture capital funds could imperil the 2013 Venture Capital Action Plan. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 26-31 %8 09/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/725 %N 9 %1 Choate, Hall & Stewart LLP Stephen Hurwitz is a partner at the Boston-based law firm of Choate, Hall & Stewart LLP, specializing in Canada-US cross-border transactions involving venture capital and private equity and technology and life sciences companies. He has served as a speaker/panelist at many of the venture capital, technology, and life sciences conferences in Canada and is author of numerous published articles on the Canadian venture capital ecosystem. He has also served as visiting lecturer on venture capital and emerging technology company issues at the MIT Sloan Entrepreneurship Development Program, Harvard Business School, and Harvard Law School. He is co-founder of the non-profit Quebec City Conference, an annual by-invitation only international gathering of leading venture capital, private equity, and institutional investors. Mr. Hurwitz received an A.B. from Cornell University and a J.D. from Cornell Law School. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/725 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Developing an Innovation Engine to Make Canada a Global Leader in Cybersecurity %A Tony Bailetti %A Dan Craigen %A David Hudson %A Renaud Levesque %A Stuart McKeen %A D’Arcy Walsh %K business ecosystem %K cybersecurity %K innovation engine %K innovation in commercialization %K innovation in research and development %X An engine designed to convert innovation into a country’s global leadership position in a specific product market is examined in this article, using Canada and cybersecurity as an example. Five entities are core to the innovation engine: an ecosystem, a project community, an external community, a platform, and a corporation. The ecosystem is the focus of innovation in firm-specific factors that determine outcomes in global competition; the project community is the focus of innovation in research and development; and the external community is the focus of innovation in resources produced and used by economic actors that operate outside of the focal product market. Strategic intent, governance, resource flows, and organizational agreements bind the five entities together. Operating the innovation engine in Canada is expected to improve the level and quality of prosperity, security, and capacity of Canadians, increase the number of Canadian-based companies that successfully compete globally in cybersecurity product markets, and better protect Canada’s critical infrastructure. Researchers interested in learning how to create, implement, improve, and grow innovation engines will find this article interesting. The article will also be of interest to senior management teams in industry and government, chief information and technology officers, social and policy analysts, academics, and individual citizens who wish to learn how to secure cyberspace. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 5-14 %8 08/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/711 %N 8 %1 Carleton University Tony Bailetti is an Associate Professor in the Sprott School of Business and the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering at Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada. Professor Bailetti is the Director of Carleton University's Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program. His research, teaching, and community contributions support technology entrepreneurship, regional economic development, and international co-innovation. %2 Communications Security Establishment Canada Dan Craigen is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC). Previously, he was President of ORA Canada, a company that focused on High Assurance/Formal Methods and distributed its technology to over 60 countries. His research interests include formal methods, the science of cybersecurity, and technology transfer. He was the chair of two NATO research task groups pertaining to validation, verification, and certification of embedded systems and high-assurance technologies. He received his BScH in Math and his MSc in Math from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. %3 Carleton University David Hudson has recently completed his doctoral studies at Carleton University’s Sprott School of Business in Ottawa, Canada. He is a lecturer in information technology innovation in the MBA program at Sprott, a Director of the Lead to Win entrepreneurship program, and Chair of the Ontario Centres of Excellence advisory board for the Information, Communication, and Digital Media sector. David also consults with Fortune 500 firms on innovation management. Previously, he was the Vice President for advanced research and development at a large technology firm and has had an extensive career in technology development and product line management. David received Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Systems Design Engineering from the University of Waterloo, Canada. %4 Communications Security Establishment Canada Renaud Levesque is the Director General of Core Systems at the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC), where he is responsible for R&D and systems development. He has significant experience in the delivery of capability and organizational change in highly technical environments. His career began at CSEC in 1986 as a Systems Engineer, responsible for the development and deployment of numerous systems, including the CSEC IP corporate network in 1991. In 2000 Renaud went to work in the private sector as Head of Speech Technologies at Locus Dialogue, and later at Infospace Inc., where he became Director of Speech Solutions Engineering. He rejoined CSEC in 2003, where he assumed the lead role in the IT R&D section. Subsequently, as a Director General, he focused efforts towards the emergence of CSEC's Joint Research Office and The Tutte Institute for Mathematics and Computing. Renaud holds a Bachelor of Engineering from l’École Polytechnique, Université de Montréal, Canada. %# Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation Stuart McKeen works for the Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation (MRI), where he just finished serving a three-year secondment with the Federal Economic Development Agency for Southern Ontario (FedDev). At FedDev, he was both the Agency’s Manager of Innovation and the Manager of Entrepreneurship, Internship, and Youth Programs. He has worked in six different ministries of the Ontario Government over the past 30 years. In 2008, he was awarded the Amethyst Award, the Province of Ontario’s highest employee recognition award for his pioneering work on prospecting and developing large-scale international research consortiums that have brought jobs and investment to Ontario. Stuart holds a BScH degree in Zoology from the University of Western Ontario, Canada and a BA degree in Economics from the University of Toronto, Canada. %$ Communications Security Establishment Canada D’Arcy Walsh is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC). His research interests include software-engineering methods and techniques that support the development and deployment of dynamic systems, including dynamic languages, dynamic configuration, context-aware systems, and autonomic and autonomous systems. He received his BAH from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada, and he received his BCS, his MCS, and his PhD in Computer Science from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/711 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T From Idea Crowdsourcing to Managing User Knowledge %A Risto Rajala %A Mika Westerlund %A Mervi Vuori %A Jukka-Pekka Hares %K crowdsourcing %K knowledge management %K lead users %K online communities %K user innovation %X This article explores how technology companies can benefit from user knowledge in product and service innovation beyond mere idea generation through crowdsourcing. We investigate a case from the telecommunications sector to discover the ways a company can overcome the challenges of motivating users to participate in innovation activity and gaining from their knowledge in the innovation process. In particular, we seek to learn how the company has created understanding about the future uses of technology and the developments of the market with the lead users. In addition, we analyze the key means of capturing value from the knowledge gathered from the users, including the essential organizational practices that support user innovation and the ways the company makes sense of the vast volume and variety of user knowledge. Our empirical inquiry increases the understanding of how technology companies can complement and use crowdsourcing to effectively utilize knowledge resident in user communities. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 23-31 %8 12/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/750 %N 12 %1 Aalto University Risto Rajala, D.Sc. (Econ) is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Industrial Engineering and Management at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. Dr. Rajala holds a PhD in Information Systems Science from the Aalto University School of Business. His recent research has dealt with management of complex service systems, development of digital services, service innovation, and business model performance. Rajala’s specialties include management of industrial services, collaborative service innovation, knowledge management, and design of digital services. %2 Carleton University Mika Westerlund, D.Sc. (Econ) is an Assistant Professor at Carleton University’s Sprott School of Business in Ottawa, Canada. He previously held positions as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Haas School of Business at the University of California Berkeley and in the School of Economics at Aalto University. Mika earned his doctoral degree in Marketing from the Helsinki School of Economics. His doctoral research focused on software firms’ business models and his current research interests include open and user innovation, business strategy, and management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. %3 Aalto University Mervi Vuori, M.Sc. (Econ) is a researcher and doctoral candidate at Department of Industrial Engineering and Management at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. Since 2010, she has acted as a principal researcher in several research projects in the field of purchasing and innovation management. She is currently working on her doctoral dissertation on "Innovating and collaborating with external resources: crowds, communities and suppliers". Her research is centered on the use of external resources, related management interfaces, as well as integration mechanisms in service and business model innovation. %4 Aalto University Jukka-Pekka Hares, M.Sc. (Econ) received his master’s degree from the Aalto University School of Economics in Helsinki, Finland. His master’s thesis focused on crowdsourcing and user knowledge management in online user communities. He is currently working at the public relations agency Manifesto as a communications consultant. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/750 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T The Habitation Lab: Using a Design Approach to Foster Innovation for Sustainable Living %A Paula Femenías %A Pernilla Hagbert %K experimentation %K Habitation Lab %K housing development %K innovation %K living labs %K residing %K sustainable %X This article describes a first step towards a strategy for using living labs as a means to foster innovation and develop new concepts of sustainable living from an architectural point of view. The overall aim is to enable truly sustainable living through radically reduced energy and resource use thus addressing both environmental and social aspects of sustainability. Earlier research has shown that contemporary housing developments, including those with a sustainable profile, do not profoundly question modern lifestyles and consumption, which is a necessity to overcome limitations of a technological focus on environmental efficiency in construction. Thus, we see an opportunity for the discipline of architecture to engage in current investments in living lab facilities in order to push innovation in the field of sustainable housing. We introduce the concept of a "Habitation Lab", which will provide an arena for radical and high-risk design experimentation between users, building-sector actors, and academia, and we describe a case study of a planned Habitation Lab within a living lab facility where traditional solutions for daily living and habitation are questioned and new architectural innovations are explored and evaluated. The idea of using experimental activities in the field of housing is not new, and we argue that new investments should build on earlier experiences to avoid perpetuating misconceptions and repeating past failures. Furthermore, to ensure the dissemination and uptake of results, the design of the Habitation Lab should consider the innovation and learning trajectories of the building sector. We propose a transdisciplinary setting to provide a neutral arena for value creation and to increase the distribution of experiences. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 15-21 %8 11/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/741 %N 11 %1 Chalmers University of Technology Paula Femenías is an architect and Assistant Professor at the Department of Architecture at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, Sweden. Paula works in several ongoing interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research projects focusing on innovation, development, and learning for more sustainable building. Her work includes developing the perspective of clients and owners and researching the specific challenges for redevelopment of the existing built environment from a multi-value and multi-interest perspective. %2 Chalmers University of Technology Pernilla Hagbert is an architect and doctoral student within the Homes for Tomorrow research environment at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, Sweden. With previous experience in planning and design, including design/build processes for constructing affordable housing, Pernilla's work addresses all scales of the development of more sustainable living environments. Her PhD research specifically examines the concept of home in light of and with regards to a global resource perspective, with the purpose of providing a framework for re-conceptualization of the sustainable home. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/741 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T How Do We Keep the Living Laboratory Alive? Learning and Conflicts in Living Lab Collaboration %A Louna Hakkarainen %A Sampsa Hyysalo %K collaboration %K conflicts %K gerontechnology %K health care %K learning %K living labs %X Living lab environments are often promoted as a way to engage private companies, citizens, researchers, and public organizations in mutually beneficial learning. Based on an in-depth case study of a four-year living lab collaboration in gerontechnology, we agree that successful living lab development hinges on learning between the parties, yet its emergence cannot be presumed or taken for granted. Diverse competences and interests of participating actors often make technology development projects complicated and volatile. The study describes two specific challenges faced in a living lab project: i) power issues between the actors and ii) end-user reluctance to participate in the development of new technology. Despite the hardships, we suggest that the living lab environment worked as a catalyst for learning between users and developers. Nevertheless, realizing the benefits of this learning may be more challenging than is usually expected. Learning for interaction is needed before effective learning in interaction is possible. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 16-22 %8 12/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/749 %N 12 %1 Aalto University Louna Hakkarainen, M.Soc.Sci, is a Doctoral candidate in the School of Arts, Design and Architecture at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. She is also finishing her licenciate degree in the University of Helsinki's Faculty of Social Sciences. Her research focuses on social shaping of technology, living lab development, and facilitation. %2 Aalto University Sampsa Hyysalo is an Associate Professor in Co-Design in Aalto University's School of Arts, Design and Architecture, and he is a Senior Researcher at the Aalto University School of Business in Helsinki, Finland. Sampsa’s research and teaching focus on user involvement in innovation and the co-evolution of technologies, practices, and organizations. He received his PhD in Behavioral Sciences from the University of Helsinki and holds a Docentship in information systems, specializing in user-centered design. Sampsa has published 30 peer-reviewed articles, and his most recent books are Health Technology Development and Use: From Practice-Bound Imagination to Evolving Impacts (2010) and Käyttäjä Tuotekehityksessä—Tieto, Tutkimus, Menetelmät (Users in Product Development—Knowledge, Research, Methods, 2009). %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/749 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Quantitative Metrics and Risk Assessment: The Three Tenets Model of Cybersecurity %A Jeff Hughes %A George Cybenko %K availability %K confidentiality %K integrity %K quantitative cybersecurity %K risk assessment %K vulnerabilities %X Progress in operational cybersecurity has been difficult to demonstrate. In spite of the considerable research and development investments made for more than 30 years, many government, industrial, financial, and consumer information systems continue to be successfully attacked and exploited on a routine basis. One of the main reasons that progress has been so meagre is that most technical cybersecurity solutions that have been proposed to-date have been point solutions that fail to address operational tradeoffs, implementation costs, and consequent adversary adaptations across the full spectrum of vulnerabilities. Furthermore, sound prescriptive security principles previously established, such as the Orange Book, have been difficult to apply given current system complexity and acquisition approaches. To address these issues, the authors have developed threat-based descriptive methodologies to more completely identify system vulnerabilities, to quantify the effectiveness of possible protections against those vulnerabilities, and to evaluate operational consequences and tradeoffs of possible protections. This article begins with a discussion of the tradeoffs among seemingly different system security properties such as confidentiality, integrity, and availability. We develop a quantitative framework for understanding these tradeoffs and the issues that arise when those security properties are all in play within an organization. Once security goals and candidate protections are identified, risk/benefit assessments can be performed using a novel multidisciplinary approach, called “QuERIES.” The article ends with a threat-driven quantitative methodology, called “The Three Tenets”, for identifying vulnerabilities and countermeasures in networked cyber-physical systems. The goal of this article is to offer operational guidance, based on the techniques presented here, for informed decision making about cyber-physical system security. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 15-24 %8 08/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/712 %N 8 %1 Tenet 3 Jeff A. Hughes is President of Tenet 3, LLC. Tenet 3 is a cybertechnology company with a focus on autonomous cyber-physical systems, analyzing their trustworthiness, and evaluating economical ways to demonstrably mitigate security risks. Previously, Jeff held various positions in the US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), where he led research into advanced techniques for developing and screening trustworthy microelectronic components and performing complex system vulnerability and risk analysis for cyber-physical systems. Jeff has an MS in Electrical Engineering from the Ohio State University and has completed graduate work towards a PhD at the Air Force Institute of Technology in Ohio, United States. %2 Dartmouth College George Cybenko is the Dorothy and Walter Gramm Professor of Engineering at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, United States. Professor Cybenko has made multiple research contributions in signal processing, neural computing, information security, and computational behavioural analysis. He was the Founding Editor-in-Chief of both IEEE/AIP Computing in Science and Engineering and IEEE Security & Privacy. He has served on the Defense Science Board (2008-2009), on the US Air Force Scientific Advisory Board (2012-2015), and on review and advisory panels for DARPA, IDA, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Professor Cybenko is a Fellow of the IEEE and received his BS (Toronto) and PhD (Princeton) degrees in Mathematics. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/712 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T Building Trust in High-Performing Teams %A Mila Hakanen %A Aki Soudunsaari %K high-performance teams %K high-performing teams %K social capital %K team %K team building %K trust %K wellbeing %X Facilitation of growth is more about good, trustworthy contacts than capital. Trust is a driving force for business creation, and to create a global business you need to build a team that is capable of meeting the challenge. Trust is a key factor in team building and a needed enabler for cooperation. In general, trust building is a slow process, but it can be accelerated with open interaction and good communication skills. The fast-growing and ever-changing nature of global business sets demands for cooperation and team building, especially for startup companies. Trust building needs personal knowledge and regular face-to-face interaction, but it also requires empathy, respect, and genuine listening. Trust increases communication, and rich and open communication is essential for the building of high-performing teams. Other building materials are a shared vision, clear roles and responsibilities, willingness for cooperation, and supporting and encouraging leadership. This study focuses on trust in high-performing teams. It asks whether it is possible to manage trust and which tools and operation models should be used to speed up the building of trust. In this article, preliminary results from the authors’ research are presented to highlight the importance of sharing critical information and having a high level of communication through constant interaction. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 2 %P 38-41 %8 06/2012 %U http://timreview.ca/article/567 %N 6 %1 Jyväskylä University School of Business and Economics Mila Hakanen (MSc Econ) is a researcher and PhD candidate at the Jyväskylä University School of Business and Economics, Finland. She is an action researcher in a project called “Globally scalable business models in health, exercise and wellbeing markets” (http://fightingla.com/). Her research is focused on the areas of social capital, trust and trust building, trust management, communication, and global networking. %2 Jyväskylä University School of Business and Economics Aki Soudunsaari (MSc Sport and Health, BSc Adult Education) is a PhD student in Growth Venture Creation at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland. Aki’s research is focused on creating winning teams, and he is a researcher in a project called “Globally scalable business models in health, exercise and wellbeing markets” (http://fightingla.com/). He is also a serial entrepreneur in the fields of health exercise, corporate wellbeing, and green technology. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/567 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T Ecosystem Under Construction: An Action Research Study on Entrepreneurship in a Business Ecosystem %A Marikka Heikkilä %A Leni Kuivaniemi %K business ecosystems %K business model %K business networks %K health exercise %K wellbeing %X In recent years, we have seen increasing interest in new service concepts that take advantage of the capabilities of business ecosystems instead of single companies. In this article, we describe how a business ecosystem begins to develop around a service business idea proposed by an entrepreneur. We aim to recognize the different domains of players that are or should be involved in the ecosystem while it is under construction. The article concludes with an ecosystem model consisting of six sub-ecosystems having different change drivers and clockspeeds. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 2 %P 18-24 %8 06/2012 %U http://timreview.ca/article/564 %N 6 %1 University of Jyväskylä Marikka Heikkilä, PhD. Econ., is project manager at the University of Jyväskylä. She serves as a coordinator of several national and international projects. Her areas of interests are business networks, business models, and coordination of complex operations. Outside the university, she is an active entrepreneur. Previously, Marikka has worked as lecturer, assistant professor, and researcher at the Helsinki School of Economics and at the Faculty of IT at the University of Jyväskylä. %2 Jyväskylä School of Business and Economics Leni Kuivaniemi, PhD. Econ., is currently working as a project manager in the Jyväskylä School of Business and Economics (JSBE). She is also partner and manager in two growth ventures. Leni has strong experience in sales, entrepreneurship, and growth venturing, both in teaching and practice. Previously she has worked as an assistant professor and a program co-director at JSBE. Leni also holds a master's degree in law from the University of Helsinki. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/564 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T Editorial: Open Source Business (January 2012) %A Chris McPhee %A Leslie Hawthorn %K open source business %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 2 %P 3-4 %8 01/2012 %U http://timreview.ca/article/515 %N 1 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review and is in the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton University in Ottawa. Chris received his BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen's University in Kingston, following which he worked in a variety of management, design, and content development roles on science education software projects in Canada and Scotland. %2 AppFog Leslie Hawthorn is an internationally known community manager, speaker, and author with over 10 years' experience in high-tech project management, marketing, and public relations. In January 2012, she joined AppFog as their Community Manager, where she is responsible for developer engagement. Prior to AppFog, she served as Outreach Manager at Oregon State University's Open Source Lab and as a Program Manager for Google's Open Source Team, where she managed the Google Summer of Code Program, created the contest now known as Google Code In, and launched the company’s Open Source Developer Blog. She is also a member of the Advisory Board of the Technology Innovation Management Review. She blogs at http://hawthornlandings.org %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/515 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T Editorial: Social Innovation (July 2012) %A Chris McPhee %A Stephen Huddart %K charities %K community sector %K nonprofit %K social entrepreneurship %K social innovation %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 2 %P 3-4 %8 07/2012 %U http://timreview.ca/article/573 %N 7 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen's University in Kingston. He has over 15 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 The J. W. McConnell Family Foundation Stephen Huddart is the President and CEO of The J. W. McConnell Family Foundation in Montreal, where he has worked for the past nine years. The Foundation's mission is to engage Canadians in building a society that is inclusive, sustainable and resilient. Stephen's past endeavours include documentary filmmaking in Latin America, owning and operating a jazz cafe in Vancouver, and working as a humane educator with the British Columbia SPCA. He serves on the boards of ArtsSmarts, Philanthropic Foundations Canada, and the McGill Faculty of Religious Studies. He has a Masters Degree in Management from McGill University. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/573 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T Entrepreneurial Effort in the Theory of the Firm %A David Hudson %K emancipation %K employee %K entrepreneurship %K technology %K theory of the firm %X This article develops a link between the theory of the firm and entrepreneurship theory to enable the study of employee entrepreneurial behaviour. First, we describe how incomplete contracts permit employee entrepreneurial effort in the theory of the firm. Next, we argue that emancipation offers an explanation for entrepreneurial effort that is not motivated by financial gain. Finally, we show how new technology creates conditions where the boundary of the firm may change and where entrepreneurial effort by employees may occur. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 2 %P 13-16 %8 02/2012 %U http://timreview.ca/article/521 %N 2 %1 Carleton University David Hudson is pursuing doctoral studies and is a lecturer in the MBA program at Carleton University’s Sprott School of Business in Ottawa Canada. His research focus considers entrepreneurial effort by employees and changes arising from consumer technology use in industry. Previously, David was the Vice President for Advanced Research and Technology at a large technology firm and has had an extensive career in technology development and product line management. He received Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Systems Design Engineering from the University of Waterloo. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/521 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T Managing Entrepreneurial Employees Who Bring Their Own IT to Work %A David Hudson %K consumer IT %K corporate IT %K entrepreneurship %K intrapreneur %K theory of the firm %K value creation %X Why do some employees invest their own time and money to acquire consumer information technology (IT) for use in the workplace as corporate IT? This behaviour occurs even when their firms already possess considerable IT resources. Moreover, IT governance policies typically oppose the use of unsanctioned IT within the firm. IT governance assumes that the only IT assets that are relevant to the firm are those that are owned by the firm. However, employees can create value for the firm by combining their personal IT assets with the firm's IT assets. Creating novel asset combinations is consistent with entrepreneurship but entrepreneurship theory does not address this type of voluntary employee entrepreneurship using personal IT assets. This article proposes a link between the theory of the firm and entrepreneurship theory to explain why employees act entrepreneurially. This link is significant because it advances the notion that employees of established firms can be entrepreneurial when they use their own consumer IT as corporate IT. This link is also significant because it suggests that managing employee entrepreneurship requires tolerance of value creation that is emergent and can occur within a firm. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 2 %P 6-11 %8 12/2012 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/633 %N 12 %1 Carleton University David Hudson is pursuing doctoral studies and is a lecturer in the MBA program at Carleton University’s Sprott School of Business in Ottawa, Canada. His research focus considers entrepreneurial effort by employees and changes arising from consumer technology use in industry. Previously, David was the Vice President for Advanced Research and Technology at a large technology firm and has had an extensive career in technology development and product line management. He received Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Systems Design Engineering from the University of Waterloo. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/633 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T Neuromarketing: Understanding Customers' Subconscious Responses to Marketing %A Jyrki Suomala %A Lauri Palokangas %A Seppo Leminen %A Mika Westerlund %A Jarmo Heinonen %A Jussi Numminen %K brain scans %K consultative selling %K customer engagement %K customer journey %K fMRI %K neuroimaging %K neuromarketing %X This article presents neuromarketing as a way to detect brain activation during customer engagement. Neuromarketing is a field of marketing research that studies consumers' sensorimotor, cognitive, and affective response to marketing stimuli. We established a Virtual Customer Journey model based on the consultative selling process to study customer engagement by using brain scans. Consultative selling suggests that a customer’s shopping experience is managed by the salesperson’s behaviour and in-store marketing assets, and that the customer gets engaged step by step. A total of 16 test subjects were shown video clips and still pictures from a consultative sales process at Nokia’s flagship stores, and their brain activity was scanned. The results show that test subjects were able to associate themselves with people and events on the video and they felt safe and comfortable during the consultative selling process. The study implies that laboratories can build virtual environments that resemble real shopping environments where customers can participate in the buying process and respond to events displayed on the screen, and that neuroimaging is useful in providing valuable information on customer behaviour that is not achievable otherwise. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 2 %P 12-21 %8 12/2012 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/634 %N 12 %1 Laurea University of Applied Sciences Jyrki Suomala, Ph.D. (Education), holds positions as Principal Lecturer at the Laurea University of Applied Sciences and Adjunct Professor in the University of Oulu in Finland. Jyrki holds a doctoral degree in Education from the University of Jyväskylä, Finland. His research and consultation interests include the neurophysiological basis of human behaviour in marketing and education. Jyrki is the founder and head of the Neuroeconomics Lab at the Laurea University of Applied Sciences. He has been a visiting researcher at the University of California, Santa Barbara, for a period of three years. %2 Laurea University of Applied Sciences and Nokia Lauri Palokangas, BBA, graduated from Finland's Laurea University of Applied Science’s Business Management Programme in summer 2010 while continuing his career at Nokia. His work is mainly related to smartphones and he has gained significant experience through various information technology, pre-sales, and marketing positions over more than a decade. Lauri’s thesis work focused on measuring the impact of retail marketing assets on a customer’s purchase decision during the solution-selling process. The hypotheses of the research are from the discipline of neuroeconomics, whereas the behavioural research relates to Lauri’s areas of expertise at Nokia. The thesis was recognized in a 2010 Thesis of the Year competition. %3 Laurea University of Applied Sciences and Aalto University Seppo Leminen, D. Sc. (Econ.), Lic. Tech., holds positions as Principal Lecturer at the Laurea University of Applied Sciences and Adjunct Professor in the Aalto University School of Business in Finland. Seppo holds a doctoral degree in Marketing from the Hanken School of Economics and a licentiate degree in Information Technology at the Helsinki University of Technology. His research and consultation interests include value co-creation and capture with users as well as relationships, services, and business models in marketing. He runs various living lab and business model projects relating to ICT. %4 Carleton University Mika Westerlund, D. Sc. (Econ.) is an Assistant Professor at Carleton University’s Sprott School of Business in Ottawa, Canada. He previously held positions as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Haas School of Business at the University of California Berkeley and in the School of Economics at Aalto University in Finland. Mika earned his doctoral degree in Marketing from the Helsinki School of Economics. His doctoral research focused on software firms’ business models and his current research interests include open innovation, business strategy, and management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. %# Laurea University of Applied Sciences Jarmo E. A. Heinonen, PhD (Education), Lic.Sc (Marketing), M.Sc. (Food Economy) holds a position as Principal Lecturer at the Laurea University of Applied Sciences, Finland. He has also studied marketing and business administration at the University of Rhode Island and the University of California Davis in the United States. Jarmo holds a doctoral degree in Education from the University of Tampere, Finland, and a licentiate degree in marketing with a food science emphasis at the University of Helsinki. Previously, he was Director at Palmenia Centre for Continuing Education at the University of Helsinki. He has authored books, research, and articles on research methods, marketing research, neuromarketing, and neuroeconomics. %$ Helsinki Medical Imaging Center at Töölö Hospital, University of Helsinki Jussi Numminen, MD, Ph.D., holds a position as fMRI physician at Helsinki Medical Imaging Center, Töölö Hospital, University of Helsinki. Dr. Numminen has broad experience in functional neuroimaging research and is the author of several publications in international peer-refereed journals such as PNAS, Human Brain Mapping, and Frontiers in Neuroscience. He has a strong theoretical background in neuroimaging methodology and data analysis. In addition, he has extensive experience of the clinical use of fMRI in pre-surgical evaluation of patients with brain tumours. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/634 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T An Overview of Four Issues on Technology Entrepreneurship in the TIM Review %A Tony Bailetti %A Sonia D. Bot %A Tom Duxbury %A David Hudson %A Chris McPhee %A Steven Muegge %A Michael Weiss %A Jonathan Wells %A Mika Westerlund %K creative destruction %K global entrepreneurship %K journal articles %K social entrepreneurship %K technology entrepreneurship %K theory %X The field of technology entrepreneurship is in its infancy when compared to other fields such as economics and management. Articles on technology entrepreneurship have been published in at least 62 journals, of which only 18 contribute to technology innovation management or entrepreneurship. Less than a handful of these 62 journals are considered to be "good" journals and none can claim a leadership position in technology entrepreneurship. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the 20 journal articles published in the February, March, April, and May 2012 issues of the Technology Innovation Management Review (TIM Review). %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 2 %P 28-34 %8 05/2012 %U http://timreview.ca/article/557 %N 5 %1 Carleton University Tony Bailetti is an Associate Professor in the Sprott School of Business and the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering at Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada. Professor Bailetti is the Director of Carleton University's Technology Innovation Management program. His research, teaching, and community contributions support technology entrepreneurship, regional economic development, and international co-innovation. (See end of article for further author biographies.) %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/557 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T Renewing the Future: Social Innovation Systems, Sector Shift, and Innoweave %A Stephen Huddart %K community sector %K social innovation %K social innovation systems %X Against a backdrop of various “occupy” movements signifying civic dissatisfaction with the social contract, and in an era of fiscal restraint affecting governments and communities in many parts of the world, we need new and more effective ways to address complex social challenges. While continuous innovation is commonly understood to be a source of growth, productivity improvement, and competitive advantage in the technology and manufacturing sectors, the author’s focus is on social innovation systems, designed to replace maladaptive institutions and obsolete policy frameworks with novel and disruptive means for improving outcomes on issues such as population health and climate change. This article proposes a definition of such systems, and examines how system-level tools including impact investing, open data platforms, and “change labs” are fostering collaboration among the private, public, and community sectors. We argue that a key priority at this time is to make these and other tools and processes for social innovation available to community organizations and their government and business partners everywhere, in a manner that allows for continuous cycles of implementation and learning. The author describes one such project currently being developed in Canada by Social Innovation Generation and other partners, called Innoweave. Innoweave is a technology-enabled social innovation system for sharing the tools and processes of social innovation with the community sector. The article concludes with a call for multi-sectoral participation in social innovation systems as an investment in society’s adaptive capacity and future wellbeing. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 2 %P 5-9 %8 07/2012 %U http://timreview.ca/article/574 %N 7 %1 The J. W. McConnell Family Foundation Stephen Huddart is the President and CEO of The J. W. McConnell Family Foundation in Montreal, where he has worked for the past nine years. The Foundation's mission is to engage Canadians in building a society that is inclusive, sustainable and resilient. Stephen's past endeavours include documentary filmmaking in Latin America, owning and operating a jazz cafe in Vancouver, and working as a humane educator with the British Columbia SPCA. He serves on the boards of ArtsSmarts, Philanthropic Foundations Canada, and the McGill Faculty of Religious Studies. He has a Masters Degree in Management from McGill University. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/574 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T TIM Lecture Series: The Business of Mobile Apps %A Brian Hurley %K apps %K mobile applications %K smartphones %K technology entrepreneurship %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 2 %P 32-34 %8 03/2012 %U http://timreview.ca/article/537 %N 3 %1 Purple Forge Brian Hurley is an entrepreneurial leader with over 25 years of experience in building strong teams, innovative products, and international businesses. Brian is currently CEO of Purple Forge which he founded in 2008. He founded Liquid Computing in 2003 and, as its CEO, raised over $44M in venture financing, built a world-class team, delivered an award winning product to market, and won initial sales. Brian has built and led numerous successful business teams at Nortel, Bell-Northern Research, and Microtel Pacific Research. Brian is the best-selling author of "A Small Business Guide to Doing Big Business on the Internet". Brian graduated from Carleton University with a Bachelor of Engineering. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/537 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T To Internationalize Rapidly from Inception: Crowdsource %A Elnaz Heidari %A Mohsen Akhavannia %A Nirosh Kannangara %K born global %K crowdsourcing %K entrepreneurship %K globalization %K internationalization %K startups %X Technology entrepreneurs continuously search for tools to accelerate the internationalization of their startups. For the purpose of internationalizing rapidly from inception, we propose that technology startups use crowdsourcing to internalize the tacit knowledge embodied in members of a crowd distributed across various geographies. For example, a technology startup can outsource to a large crowd the definition of a customer problem that occurs across various geographies, the development of the best solution to the problem, and the identification of attractive business expansion opportunities. In this article, we analyze how three small firms use crowdsourcing, discuss the benefits of crowdsourcing, and offer six recommendations to technology entrepreneurs interested in using crowdsourcing to rapidly internationalize their startups from inception. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 2 %P 17-21 %8 10/2012 %U http://timreview.ca/article/615 %N 10 %1 Carleton University Elnaz Heidari holds a Master of Engineering degree in Technology Innovation Management (TIM) from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. Her M.Eng project was based on crowdsourcing and open innovation. She also holds a B.Eng in Rubber Industrial Engineering. Her industrial experience includes working in the R&D department of Pars Vacuum Industries for two years. %2 Carleton University Mohsen Akhavannia is a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He is a software engineer with expertise in system analysis and design. He has six years of international work experience including work on projects relating to banking and business-automation systems. %3 Carleton University Nirosh Kannangara is a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He holds a B.Eng. in Communications Engineering, also from Carleton University. Nirosh has two years of experience designing software in the fibre optics communication industry and currently works as a Photonics Software Designer at the Ciena Corporation. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/615 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2011 %T Intellectual Property Rights: Unlocking the Value of this New Asset Class %A Daniel J. Henry %K asset class %K intellectual property %K intellectual property rights %K patents %X Discussing the value of intellectual property (IP) has become a common theme in today’s mainstream press and is now central to the business strategy of a growing number of technology companies, both large and small, domestically and internationally. This focus on IP and intellectual property rights (IPR) is a trend that has developed over the last several years as a result of a convergence of factors including the growth of the patent monetization industry, ongoing reforms to U.S. patent law, the emergence of China and other countries in the Far East as technology-production hubs, and the advocacy of the “knowledge-centric” economy. In this article, we look at the monetization of patents and the emergence of a vibrant industry based on IPR as a new and highly prized asset class. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 1 %P 23-28 %8 12/2011 %U http://timreview.ca/article/504 %N 3 %1 WiLAN Inc. Daniel J. Henry is Vice President, Business Development with WiLAN Inc., Canada’s largest publicly traded IP licensing firm. A seasoned IP executive, he has extensive experience in corporate and IP law and business development. Before joining WiLAN Inc., Mr. Henry held the position of Senior Vice President with ICAP Patent Brokerage, where he advised clients on the sale and acquisition of valuable IP assets. Prior to ICAP, he was a Partner with Altitude Capital Partners, where he conceived and executed the firm’s business development program and strategic relationships with corporate IP holders and other IP professionals. Mr. Henry is a practiced speaker on IP and value generation at conferences internationally and has been recognized by Intellectual Asset Magazine as one of the top 250 IP strategists in the world for the past three years. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/504 %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2011 %T Introducing the Oregon State University Open Source Lab %A Anthony Casson %A Leslie Hawthorn %X The Oregon State University Open Source Lab (OSUOSL) is the home of growing, high-impact open source communities. Its world-class hosting services enable the Linux operating system, Apache web server, the Drupal content management system, and over 50 other leading open source software projects to collaborate with contributors and distribute software to millions of users globally. Through custom software development, vendor partnerships, and industry events such as the Government Open Source Conference (GOSCON), the lab's staff and students encourage open source adoption in education, government, health care, and other sectors. In addition, the lab creates real-world educational opportunities for its students by providing high-value development and hosting services for open source communities. In this article, we describe the benefits of the OSUOSL to open source projects and to students of Oregon State University. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 08/2011 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/461 %N August 2011 %9 Articles %1 Oregon State University Open Source Lab Anthony Casson is a part-time student writer for the Oregon State University's Open Source Lab since January 2011 and also works with Oregon State Athletics as one of the Sports Information Department's feature writers. He is pursuing a career in writing and is studying new media communications. He will graduate with a B.S. in Liberal Arts in December. Anthony has written for various publications, both domestic and international, predominantly as a feature and profile author. You can find him on Twitter as @ASCasson. %2 Oregon State University Open Source Lab Leslie Hawthorn has more than 10 years experience in high tech project management, marketing and public relations. She currently works as the Outreach Manager for Oregon State University's Open Source Lab. She also serves on the Boards of the Sahana Software Foundation and CASH Music, as an Advisor to the Humanitarian FOSS Project and on the Editorial Board for the Open Source Business Resource. Leslie previously worked as a Program Manager for Google's Open Source Programs Office, where she was responsible for the company's developer outreach efforts, most notably the Google Summer of Code program and the Google Highly Open Participation (now Google Code In) contest. You can find her on Twitter as @lhawthorn or read her personal blog at http://hawthornlandings.org. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2011 %T A Network-Centric Snapshot of Value Co-Creation in Finnish Innovation Financing %A Jukka Huhtamäki %A Martha G. Russell %A Kaisa Still %A Neil Rubens %X In this article, we apply the concept of value co-creation to the analysis of linkages between organizations and their human and financial resources to observe the emergence of cooperative activities in a specific innovation system. Through visual network analysis of a federated and socially constructed dataset of organizations and their related actors, we show how co-creation occurs through financial linkages. We use the ecosystem concept as a metaphoric reference to value co-creation with a network-centric mindset. Business financing linkages reveal convergence and co-creation in the innovation ecosystem, and network analysis is used to visualize the relationships between firms. Through the lens of relationship-based synergy, we provide a snapshot of innovation funding, which highlights the collaboration of venture capital and government agencies in co-creating the emerging Finnish innovation ecosystem. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 03/2011 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/424 %N March 2011 %9 Articles %1 Tampere University of Technology Jukka Huhtamäki (M.Sc, Hypermedia) is a researcher, a post-graduate student, and a teacher working for the Hypermedia Laboratory (HLab) at Tampere University of Technology. Jukka also collaborates with the Innovation Ecosystems Network, lead by Martha G. Russell. His interests include visual social media analytics, methods of streamlining social network visualisation and information visualisation, user and information modeling and the development methods, and implementation technologies of social, adaptive, and distributed hypermedia. Currently, Jukka is working to develop data-driven visual analysis processes for insights on, for example, social media usage and innovation diffusion. %2 Stanford University Martha G. Russell is Senior Research Scholar at Human Sciences Technology Advanced Research Institute and Associate Director of Media X at Stanford University, a membership-based, interdisciplinary research catalyst focused on people, media, technology, and innovation. Dr. Russell's background spans a range of business development, innovation, and technology-transfer initiatives in information sciences, communications, and microelectronics at the University of Minnesota, The University of Texas at Austin, and Stanford University. She collaborates with Stanford's Innovation Ecosystems Network and serves on the editorial boards of the Journal of Interactive Advertising, the Journal of Electronics, and Technology Forecasting and Social Change. %3 VTT Technical Research Centre Kaisa Still studies innovation, technology transfer, and the role of technology, with a focus on information and knowledge creation, sharing, and management. Her studies focus on supporting collaboration and cooperation in organizations as well as in community settings. Recent studies include mobile, online and social networking communities, innovation ecosystems, and innovation indicators. Dr. Still has over 10 years of cross-sector business and academic experience in Finland, USA and China. She currently works for VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland and collaborates with Stanford's Innovation Ecosystems Network. %4 University of Electro-Communications, Japan Dr. Neil Rubens is an Assistant Professor at the Knowledge Systems Laboratory, University of Electro-Communications, Japan. He is the Director of Active Intelligence Research Group and is a member of the Innovation Ecosystems Network at Stanford University. He holds an M.Sc. degree from the University of Massachusetts and a Ph.D. degree from the Tokyo Institute of Technology - both in Computer Science. His research focuses on developing Active Intelligence systems, which are systems Artificial Intelligence systems that are self-adaptable utilizing unsupervised and semi-supervised learning, and active communication and data acquisition. He collaborates with Stanford's Innovation Ecosystems Network. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2011 %T Private-Collective Innovation: Let There Be Knowledge %A Ali Kousari %A Chris Henselmans %X Many innovators (companies or individuals) opt for a private innovation model. This model uses resources to create a product whose intellectual property (IP) is protected by the firm. At the opposite end of the scale is the collective innovation model, in which innovators collaborate and expend resources to produce a public good. Many free/libre open source software (F/LOSS) projects rely on collective innovation. Some innovators are now combining the two models into a private-collective innovation model, in which an innovator may chose to collaborate with other innovators and spend private resources while still keeping some IP private. For example, a company may release its product's source code to the public in the hope of attracting a community of contributing developers. Such a company commits its own resources to a project, but may still hold on to the intellectual property. The success of private-collective innovation is dependent on many factors including: project interest and value, company reputation, and project status. There are benefits and risks to private-collective innovation which must be carefully weighed before making a decision to employ this model. Private-collective innovation involves the sharing of knowledge and, in some cases, the sharing of IP that may or may not be patented. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 01/2011 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/411 %N January 2011 %9 Articles %1 Systema Technologies Ali Kousari is a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton University. He is currently CTO at Systema Technologies in Geneva, Switzerland. He holds a BScH in Software Engineering from Carleton University. %2 Carleton University Chris Henselmans is a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton University. He has over 25 years experience in embedded software development. He holds a BScH from the University of Waterloo and a BGS from Athabasca University. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2011 %T A Rapid Prototyping Environment for Student Entrepreneurs %A Frank Horsfall %X This article describes a project initiated in the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University to develop a common development and test environment for entrepreneurs associated with the program. This environment will support a collaborative entrepreneurial community that is building complementary products around a core platform; the goal is to accelerate the quick delivery of projects to market while acknowledging that the community's resources are limited. As described in this article, the solution that was developed is called the TIM Rapid Prototyping Environment (TIMRPE). Thee TIMRPE provides a competitive advantage for entrepreneurs in the TIM program. A TIM entrepreneur can quickly jump into the development of their prototype, knowing that timely assistance and support is available. This environment now hosts several entrepreneurial projects, some of which have been described in recent issues of the OSBR, including this one. This article introduces the rapid prototyping approach, provides an overview of the TIMRPE, shares lessons learned from the early experiences with the environment, and outlines the project's next steps. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 06/2011 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/448 %N June 2011 %9 Articles %1 EnTeraSec Inc. Frank Horsfall is a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa. He is the Chair of the TIM Entrepreneur Council, the founder/lead of the Bloom data visualization project, the project founder/lead of the TIM Rapid Prototyping Environment (TIMRPE), and a member of the TFN200 architecture team tasked with the design of a next generation web-based communications collaboration platform at Carleton University. Frank is also President of EnTeraSec, a security and IT professional services company in the Lead to Win business ecosystem. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2011 %T Renewal Through Co-Creation in Business Networks %A Raimo Hyötyläinen %A Katri Valkokari %A Petri Kalliokoski %X This article presents four models of business renewal within networks based on a theoretical framework developed from earlier literature. According to the typical dimensions of business development, our framework distinguishes between the exploitation of present knowledge for efficiency and the exploration of new knowledge for new business development. Furthermore, the two network development and governance types (i.e., hub-spoke and multiplex) form the other dimension of the framework. The framework was empirically tested with five case companies and their business networks. The framework of network models may help managers to structure the business network and its renewal based on the strategic targets of a firm. Furthermore, the theoretical contribution of the paper deepens the understanding of how co-creation and interaction between the participants differ according to business focus and complexity of networks. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 03/2011 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/426 %N March 2011 %9 Articles %1 VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland) Dr. Raimo Hyötyläinen holds the position of Research Professor at VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland) and his research theme is strategy and foresight in the manufacturing industry. He graduated in Industrial Management from Helsinki University of Technology and holds an M.Sc (Pol.Sc.) degree in sociology, economics, and economic and social history from Helsinki University. Raimo has researched hundreds of manufacturing companies since the beginning of 1985, when he came to VTT. %2 VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland) Dr. Katri Valkokari is a Senior Research Scientist and team manager at VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland) in the Value Network Development research team. She has executed several development projects concerning strategic SME business networks. Katri recently completed her doctoral thesis on business network development. She has published several international and national articles in the research areas of strategic business networks, collaboration, organizational knowledge, and innovation management. %3 VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland) Mr. Petri Kalliokoski, M.Sc. (Tech.), holds the position of Senior Vice President of Strategy and Business Development at VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland). He is responsible for VTT's strategy and business development activities and acts as a chairman of the strategic research steering group on business and innovation management. Petri has worked as a project director and researcher in several large international research and design projects. In addition, he has carried out consulting assignments in the area of business strategies and organizational development. His current research interests include innovation management, industrial services business development, and management of enterprise networks. He is also a board member in several companies. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2011 %T Trusted to Lead: Trustworthiness and its Impact on Leadership %A Taina Savolainen %A Sari Häkkinen %X This article discusses trust in leadership, a major issue in current business management. Paradoxically, in the environment of continuous change that characterizes many organizations today, trust is needed more but is enacted less. Trust forms a foundation for functioning relationships and co-operation. Trust is intangible - it is an intellectual asset, a skill, and an influencing power for leaders. Leadership by trust emphasizes trustful behaviour towards employees. In this article, we suggest that, in trust formation, it is trustworthiness in leader behaviour that matters. Showing trustworthiness by competence, integrity, benevolence, and credibility makes a difference in daily leadership work. The importance of trust in leadership has been widely recognized in the literature and business practice. This article focuses on how leaders enact on trust by showing trustworthiness to subordinates. The ways of building and sustaining trust and the effects of trustworthy and untrustworthy leader behaviour are examined. Two real life cases from industrial companies are presented and their implications are discussed. In conclusion, a leader's competence (ability) is one of the key dimensions in showing trustworthiness. As to untrustworthy behaviour, it is worth noting that building and sustaining trust is reciprocal in nature. A practical implication for leaders is that the development of an awareness of trustworthiness and skills for demonstrating it should be a top priority in the current business environment, which demands strong interaction, cooperation, and communication abilities. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 03/2011 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/429 %N March 2011 %9 Articles %1 University of Eastern Finland Taina Savolainen is Professor of Management and Leadership in the Department of Business at the University of Eastern Finland. Prof. Savolainen specializes in trust within organizations, leadership, organizational change, and global competitiveness management. Prior to taking up her academic appointments, Prof. Savolainen worked as a corporate advisor and deputy director in the Ministry of Trade and Industry. She has been extensively involved in management training and consulting for both private and public sector organizations, and has acted as Chief Examiner of the Finnish Quality Award. She is also CEO of the family business, TQM Finland Ltd. %2 University of Eastern Finland Sari Häkkinen is PhD. student of management and leadership at the University of Eastern Finland in the Department of Business. She received her MSc. (Econ.) from Lappeenranta University of Technology in the Department of Management and Organizations. Her current research focus is interpersonal trust and trustworthy behaviour between leaders and their subordinates, and how leadership styles affect trust building and violating trust. Sari Häkkinen has practical experience in the technology industry in the areas of human resources management and business development. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2010 %T Bloom: A Relationship Visualization Tool for Complex Networks %A Frank Horsfall %X Faced with an ever-increasing capacity to collect and store data, organizations must find a way to make sense of it to their advantage. Methods are required to simplify the data so that it can inform strategic decisions and help solve problems. Visualization tools are becoming increasingly popular since they can display complex relationships in a simple, visual format. This article describes Bloom, a project at Carleton University to develop an open source visualization tool for complex networks and business ecosystems. It provides an overview of the visualization technology used in the project and demonstrates its potential impact through a case study using real-world data. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 08/2010 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/373 %N August 2010 %9 Articles %1 EnTeraSec Inc. Frank Horsfall is a graduate student at Carleton University in Ottawa who is researching visualization for business ecosystems. He is also the Project Founder and Lead of Bloom and President of EnTeraSec Inc., a security services company in the Lead to Win business ecosystem. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2010 %T Editorial: Humanitarian Open Source (December 2010) %A Chris McPhee %A Leslie Hawthorn %X In recent years, our increasingly connected world has provided us with a greater understanding of the needs of our fellow global citizens. The devastating worldwide impact of natural disasters, disease, and poverty has been raised in our collective awareness and our ability to collectively alleviate this suffering has been brought to the fore. While many of us are familiar with donating our funds to better the lives of those less fortunate than ourselves, it is often easy to overlook a core component of facing these global challenges: information technology. The humanitarian open source movement seeks to ameliorate these sufferings through the creation of IT infrastructure to support a wide array of goals for the public good, such as providing effective healthcare or microloans to the poorest of the poor. Achieving these goals requires a sophisticated set of software and hardware tools, all of which work to save and improve lives in some of the most difficult of situations where the availability of electricity, data, IT knowledge, etc. may be low or lacking altogether. It should come as no surprise that the humanitarian open source domain attracts a great deal of attention from software developers, engineers, and others who find that they are able to both solve intense technical challenges while helping to improve the lives of others. However, to support ongoing humanitarian needs, the communities who produce humanitarian free and open source software (HFOSS) and hardware have increasingly identified the need for business models to support their efforts. While the lower cost of using open source software and hardware solutions means that more funds can be directed to aid and comfort those in need, the goodwill of developer communities and the funds of grantees alone cannot grow the ecosystem sufficiently to meet ever-growing global needs. To face these challenges - poverty, global health crises, disaster relief, etc. - humanitarian open source projects must fully engage the market and provide cost-effective, efficient solutions to the technical aspects of these challenges. In this issue of the OSBR, our authors from several open source software and hardware projects explore not only the global need for humanitarian open source projects, but also the business cases for humanitarian-focused ICT. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 12/2010 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/398 %N December 2010 %9 Editorial %1 Open Source Business Resource Chris McPhee is in the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton University in Ottawa. Chris received his BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen's University in Kingston, following which he worked in a variety of management, design, and content development roles on science education software projects in Canada and Scotland. %2 Oregon State University's Open Source Lab Leslie Hawthorn is the Open Source Outreach Manager for Oregon State University's Open Source Lab. Previously, she was Program Manager for Google's Open Source Programs Office, where she was the Community Manager for the Google Summer of Code community. She conceived, launched, and managed the Google Highly Open Participation Contest (now Google Code-in), the world's first global initiative to get pre-university students involved in all aspects of Open Source software development. Leslie has also organized more than 100 open source conferences and hackathons, most held at Google's Corporate Headquarters in Mountain View, California, USA. When not wrangling FOSS developers, she's usually speaking about Open Source, FOSS in education, and community building. Leslie holds a Honors B.A. in English Language and Literature from U.C. Berkeley. Her personal website is hawthornlandings.org. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2010 %T Fundamentals of a Volume Market Engine %A Fred Holahan %X This article discusses the unique challenges commercial open source companies face in bringing their products and services to market. It recommends an overhaul of traditional software vendor market approaches in favour of a volume market strategy and identifies the core technology, content, and best practice methodologies of that strategy. The article is organized into five sections. The first section discusses the nature of open source customer relationships. It explains why the traditional sales funnel metrics do not apply in a commercial open source context. The second section introduces the concept of "progressive engagement" and discusses the lifecycle of open source relationships. The third section, multi-channel demand generation, identifies techniques for improving lead flow and quality by incorporating traditional lead sourcing techniques into the volume market model. The fourth section makes the case for marketing automation software and discusses some of the critical elements of an automated marketing infrastructure. The fifth section covers high-value content - the raw fuel of a volume market engine. It offers helpful insights for marketers to build and manage their content portfolios. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 07/2010 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/363 %N July 2010 %9 Articles %1 Open Source Advisory Fred Holahan is founder and president of Open Source Advisory (OSA). OSA helps early stage software companies design and implement high-powered volume market distribution strategies. OSA specializes in the unique challenges facing commercial open source start-ups, including licensing strategies, product/service mix, free-to-fee crossover, and volume demand creation. Fred has over 25 years of technology market experience and has been the founding CEO of three prior companies: LexiBridge Corporation (acquired by Level3 Communications), GemLogic, Inc. (acquired by Silverstream Software), and Active Endpoints, Inc. Fred is a recognized open source expert and pioneer of the progressive engagement model of volume market interaction. He holds a MBA from the Olin School of Management at Babson College and a BS in Management Science from the University of Maine. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2010 %T IEEE Humanitarian Projects: Open Hardware for the Benefit of the Poorest Nations %A Glenn McKnight %A Alfredo Herrera %X An opportunity to solve some of the pressing needs of impoverished nations may be effectively addressed by the active sharing of open hardware solutions. As other articles in this issue of the OSBR demonstrate, open source software is already being used as an effective technology to address humanitarian needs in developing countries. The adoption of open hardware, as an alternative to commercial off-the-shelf products, may be another effective solution to global development challenges. In this article, we will not discuss the socio-economic aspects inherent with global initiatives; but there is a need for meaningful dialogue to come up with appropriate and long-lasting solutions. The focus of this article is on one of the recent activities of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic engineers (IEEE): the Humanitarian Technology Challenge. The Challenge identified three humanitarian problems that could be solved through technology and challenged participants to find an open-source approach to tackle them. The challenges were Reliable Electricity, Data Connectivity, and Personal Identification Records. This article describes the work part of the Reliable Electricity challenge from three perspectives: i) that of the initial HTC Reliable Electricity team; ii) its offspring, called Community Solutions Initiatives (CSI); and iii) an IEEE Canada group called the Humanitarian Initiatives Committee. All of these groups are part of the IEEE. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 12/2010 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/401 %N December 2010 %9 Articles %1 IEEE Canada's Humanitarian Initiatives Committee Glenn McKnight is the Humanitarian Technology Challenge Reliable Connectivity Liaison of IEEE Canada's Humanitarian Initiatives Committee. He has worked extensively with Canadian and international private and public sector organizations to promote cost effective IT and non-IT projects. His work included Baygen Radio of South Africa, environmental technologies in China, and IT strategies in India. His certification experience includes developing apprenticeship programs, operating IT schools, and promoting the Linux Professional Institute as an international standard. %2 IEEE Canada's Humanitarian Initiatives Committee Alfredo Herrera is a senior member of the IEEE and the Chair of IEEE Canada's Humanitarian Initiatives Committee since its creation. He has over 12 years of experience in telecom system validation and digital hardware design and verification. He currently works for Ericsson in Ottawa as a Radio Hardware Systems Integration and Verification Engineer and previously, he worked for 10 years at Nortel Networks. He has been a member of the IEEE since 1996 and has been Vice-Chair of the Ottawa chapter of the IEEE Technology Management Council and the IEEE Society on Social Implications of Technology since 2005. He is also a Master's student in the University of Ottawa's Systems Science program, and his research topic is on using technology for development. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2010 %T Q&A. Should All Women Aspire to Be Entrepreneurs? %A Cate Huston %X Many authors, in this issue of the OSBR and elsewhere, highlight the relative lack of women entrepreneurs and suggest ways that we can overcome the challenges women face so that we can increase the numbers. However, I wish to offer another perspective. I do not want to be an entrepreneur and I am not the only woman who feels this way. Here, I wish to highlight the importance filling gaps as a form of leadership. This alternative to entrepreneurship is valuable and is also in need of encouragement. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 07/2010 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/457 %N July 2010 %9 Q and A %1 Google Cate Huston is a Software Engineer at Google. She has a BSc (Hons) in Computer Science from the University of Edinburgh and used to be an international hobo, teaching programming in the United States and in Shanghai, training in martial arts in China, qualifying as a ski instructor in Canada, and aimlessly wandering around Europe. For now, she lives in Kitchener/Waterloo, Canada. She was the Instigator of Awesome at Awesome Ottawa, is a co-conspirator for Awesome Foundation KW, and is an organizer of Girl Geek Dinners KW. Her blog is Accidentally in Code. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2010 %T TriSano: Collaborating for the Good of Global Public Health %A Mike Herrick %X Healthcare and public health continue to experience significant changes, driven primarily due to new legislation and economic challenges. These changes mean that those in healthcare and public health are under pressure to respond differently in order to meet the health needs of the population. Additionally, public health is collaborative, by nature. Epidemiologists, informaticians, public health officials, nurses, and doctors fluidly come together to prevent disease and protect the health of the global citizens. This article explores how collaboration and open source software helps healthcare and public health address their challenges across the globe. It is based on the experiences of the TriSano project from the past three years. It traces the history of the project and the refinement of its business model and product offerings to illustrate how collaboration based on a shared business vision with industry thought leaders leads to sustainable software and communities. Finally, insights are shared from working at the intersection of a humanitarian open source project and the business world. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 12/2010 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/405 %N December 2010 %9 Articles %1 Collaborative Software Foundation Mr. Mike Herrick is the Executive Director of the Collaborative Software Foundation, a nonprofit organization dedicated to the management of open source software including TriSano. Until recently, Mike was the Vice President of Products for Collaborative Software Initiative. In that role, he was responsible for CSI Core Teams, product development, product management, and technical support. Mike has a broad background in enterprise software with management and individual contributor experience from software companies (eXcelon, Mentor Graphics, and several failed startups), consulting firms (Andersen Consulting and C-bridge Internet Solutions), and IT development and operations (Liberty Mutual). Mike graduated with a BS in Management Information Systems from the University of Dayton. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2009 %T The 100-Mile Client Roster %A Emma Jane Hogbin %X In 2005, two Canadians began a one-year experiment in eating only locally grown foods and started what is now known as The 100-Mile Diet. In the open source world, we know about giving back to our software community, but this is sometimes to the detriment of our physical community. It is hard to see the businesses around us when so many interactions take place online and in the digital neighbourhood. The world has gotten smaller in the last hundred years and products made on the other side of the world are common in businesses and households. As we muddle through our current economic crisis, we are encouraged to support our neighbours, their jobs, and to "buy local." Many household repair services must be locally obtained, but this is not necessarily true for software-related services. Many businesses are choosing to outsource the production of software and related support services to a cheaper labour force in other countries. As consumers, we know that buying locally often costs a premium; we also know it supports our neighbours and recycles our money back into our own physical community. This article examines the importance of giving back to the local community. It uncovers ways for businesses to expand and gain new revenue streams when they focus on open source software and use open business models. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 06/2009 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/259 %N June 2009 %9 Articles %1 Hick Tech Emma Jane Hogbin has been working as a Web developer since 1996. She is well known in the open source community not only for her technical knowledge, but also for her engaging and humorous means of bringing libre tools to a wider audience--such as the Drupal socks and their GPLed pattern. Through her consulting company HICK Tech, and at conferences around the world, Emma Jane has inspired people to overcome fear, uncertainty, and doubt and to tackle problems head-on. She blogs at www.emmajane.net. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2009 %T Applied Collaboration Studios: Transforming Complex Problems into Systems of Continuous Social Innovation %A Stephen Huddart %A Anil Patel %X This paper asserts that the voluntary or social sector plays a pivotal role in generating and disseminating social innovations through collaboration with diverse partners. The authors explore the potential to engender a quantum shift in the sector's efficiency, reach, and impact through the combined use of open source technologies, social process tools and collaboration platforms. The objective is to contribute to a new generation of intelligent social systems, enabling an evolutionary recalibration of relationships among ourselves, our social and economic institutions, and the planet. As a means of integrating and disseminating the most promising approaches, the concept of Applied Collaboration Studios is proposed. Its primary activities would be: i) dissemination of open source technologies; ii) ongoing instruction and coaching in the use of social process tools; iii) the assembly and launch of multiple collaboration platforms; and iv) collaboration with other like initiatives to create ecologies of scale that inform and precipitate systems change toward greater resilience. The paper concludes with a reflection on the conditions necessary for such a project to come into being as an open source initiative, and an invitation to contribute to an ongoing discussion. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 07/2009 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/268 %N July 2009 %9 Articles %1 J. W. McConnell Family Foundation Stephen Huddart is the Vice President of The J. W. McConnell Family Foundation in Montreal, and the Director of Social Innovation Generation (SiG) @ McConnell. %2 Framework Foundation Anil Patel is the founder and Executive Director of the Framework Foundation in Toronto, originator of Timeraisers and the Civic Footprint. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2009 %T Editorial: Collaboration (July 2009) %A Dru Lavigne %A Stephen Huddart %X The editorial theme for the July issue of the OSBR is "collaboration". While online collaboration has been a hallmark of open source software (OSS) communities, the articles in this issue demonstrate that open collaboration extends far beyond the creation of software. The authors discuss diverse collaboration opportunities including: brainstorming across disciplines, social innovation, aggregating non-profit donations, the green environment movement, open educational resources, introducing students to communities, and managing single-user software applications. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 07/2009 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/266 %N July 2009 %9 Editorial %1 Talent First Network Dru Lavigne is a technical writer and IT consultant who has been active with open source communities since the mid-1990s. She writes regularly for O'Reilly and DNSStuff.com and is the author of the books BSD Hacks and The Best of FreeBSD Basics. %2 J. W. McConnell Family Foundation Stephen Huddart is the Vice President of The J. W. McConnell Family Foundation in Montreal, and the Director of Social Innovation Generation (SiG) @ McConnell. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2009 %T Editorial: Tech Entrepreneurship (August 2009) %A Dru Lavigne %A David Hudson %X Entrepreneurship is the lifeblood of any technology business and really describes the character of those who would see their new ideas achieve commercial success. That character includes: risk taking and the ability to deal with uncertainty from many quarters, creativity and the ability to connect ideas in surprising ways, orchestration and the ability to marshal resources, and the ability to deliver a message with impact whether in the proverbial elevator or when the customer is listening to best and final offers. There is so much required of an entrepreneur, in some ways it is surprising that we have any at all. I've recently had the opportunity to witness a wide variety of entrepreneurs in action through the Lead to Win program. Lead to Win was started to assist innovation and entrepreneurship in the Canadian National Capital region. The program is certainly a response to the economic times and recognizes that when the tech sector is depressed, people who might otherwise find employment in established companies are more likely to start a business of their own. Lead to Win is designed to help entrepreneurs who have a deep technology background but need help building out some of the other dimensions of that entrepreneurial character. It has been a great pleasure to discover that the demand for Lead to Win has exceeded our expectations easily by a factor of two or three. The diversity of people, technologies and market opportunities that have come forward in what is often described as a government and telecom town is extremely encouraging. The patterns and themes in this diversity have the prospect of tapping into existing ecosystems and creating entirely new ones. This notion of entrepreneurship and how it unfolds in established and new fabrics of companies and customers is the centerpiece of this month's issue of the OSBR. Successful entrepreneurs do not exist in isolation and are able to see massive opportunity by leveraging those around them. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 08/2009 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/275 %N August 2009 %9 Editorial %1 Talent First Network Dru Lavigne is a technical writer and IT consultant who has been active with open source communities since the mid-1990s. She writes regularly for O'Reilly and DNSStuff.com and is the author of the books BSD Hacks and The Best of FreeBSD Basics. %2 Lead to Win David Hudson is the Director of the Lead to Win program and is with Ontario's Talent First Network. He joins the doctoral program at Carleton University's Eric Sprott School of Business in September 2009. Until December 2008, Mr. Hudson was Nortel's Vice President for Advanced Research and Technology Labs. Since 1988, he held increasingly responsible management positions in Nortel both in engineering and product line management, working in all of Nortel's product lines. He has held the Nortel seat on a number of university advisory boards. Mr. Hudson received Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Engineering from the University of Waterloo. He graduated from the Systems Design program at the University of Waterloo and his graduate work focused on pattern recognition and signal processing applied to earth resources imagery. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2009 %T Enabling the Creative Entrepreneur: Business Ecosystems %A Brian Hurley %X To paraphrase John Donne, "no business is an island". Any business is part of a complex ecosystem that includes suppliers, customers, partners, and competitors. A successful business is able to leverage its connections within the ecosystem to its advantage. This article provides an overview of business ecosystems and how they provide opportunities for creative entrepreneurs to foster economic development and wealth creation. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 08/2009 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/276 %N August 2009 %9 Articles %1 Purple Forge Brian Hurley is an entrepreneurial leader with over 24 years of experience in building strong teams, innovative products and international businesses. Brian is currently CEO of Purple Forge which he founded in 2008. He founded Liquid Computing in 2003 and as its CEO raised over $44M in venture financing, built a world-class team, delivered an award winning product to market and won initial sales. Brian has built and led numerous successful business teams at Nortel, Bell-Northern Research and Microtel Pacific Research. Brian is the best-selling author of "A Small Business Guide to Doing Big Business on the Internet". He is an active member of the local tech community and is a member of the OCRI Board of Directors and the Young Presidents Organization. Brian graduated from Carleton University with a Bachelor of Engineering. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2009 %T Open Source BI: A Market Overview %A Steve Holub %X The following survey provides a list of open source software tools used in business intelligence (BI) and data warehousing systems. The tool selection criteria was based on the frequency and currency of the releases and on whether the product has released a stable build which could be used in a production environment. We only present those solutions which have had updates within the past two years. Our study looked at BI tools in the following categories: i) databases; ii) extract, transform, and load; iii) master data management; iv) BI reporting tools; and v) data mining. In the case of an open source software bundle that overlaps categories, we divide the software bundle into its separate parts for ease of categorization. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 09/2009 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/287 %N September 2009 %9 Articles %1 SQL Power Group Steve Holub is a Business Intelligence Consultant with SQL Power Group. Steve graduated from McMaster University with a Master's degree in Economics, and received Database Application Developer training from Seneca@York. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2009 %T The Steady March of the European Penguins %A Gijs Hillenius %X Open source licenses allow public administrations to change, share and re-use their applications freely. Open standards allow for connectivity and interoperability between the applications. For a wider use of open source software by public administrations, it is equally important to require the use of open standards in the public sector. Open source projects can face difficulties when using proprietary standards, especially if these latter require usage royalties. The member states of the European Union made steady progress in 2008 in developing information technology policies on open source and open standards. Spain and France have taken the lead, yet in all EU member states examples of administrations using open source software can be found. Europe's competition commissioner Neelie Kroes warned the EU's institutions to follow suit and use open standards: "I know a smart business decision when I see one". This article provides an overview of the advancements and some of the setbacks of the implementation of open source and open standards by public administrations in the 27 member states of the European Union in 2008. It is mostly based on the news items the author wrote for the European Union's Open Source Observatory and Repository. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 05/2009 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/249 %N May 2009 %9 Articles %1 OSOR Gijs Hillenius is is a free lance IT journalist and the news editor of OSOR.eu. He has a major in Physical Geography from the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and a graduate degree in Journalism from the Erasmus University in Rotterdam. He can sometimes be found at computer science classes at the Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam, but if this will ever lead to a Bsc. remains to be seen. His office runs on Debian GNU/Linux. Most of Hillenius's work is done using GNU/Emacs. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2009 %T Value Co-creation: Lessons from Lead to Win Ecosystem %A Tony Bailetti %A David Hudson %X While the concepts of value co-creation and business ecosystems have become dominant, there is lack of conceptual clarity as to the role of co-creation in a business ecosystem. The objective of this article is to provide concrete examples of co-creation in vendor neutral ecosystems using lessons learned from operating the Lead to Win ecosystem. In a vendor neutral ecosystem, no vendor dominates and membership is open to all individuals and organizations that meet specific criteria. The article is organized into three sections. The first section provides a short description of the Lead to Win ecosystem. The second section uses concrete examples to illustrate the lessons learned about co-creation in vendor neutral ecosystems. The third section describes key takeaways based on our five months experience operating the keystone of the Lead to Win ecosystem. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 12/2009 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/308 %N December 2009 %9 Articles %1 Carleton University Tony Bailetti is an Associate Professor in both the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering and the Eric Sprott School of Business at Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada. His research and teaching support Carleton's Technology Innovation Management program. Professor Bailetti is the Director of Ontario's Talent First Network and the Executive Director of Coral CEA. %2 Lead to Win David Hudson is the Director of the Lead to Win program and is with Ontario's Talent First Network. He is pursuing doctoral studies at Carleton University's Eric Sprott School of Business with a focus on how communications enabled applications selected by knowledge workers affect their productivity. Previously, Mr. Hudson was Nortel's Vice President for Advanced Research and Technology Labs and has had an extensive career in technology and product line management, working in all of Nortel's product lines. Mr. Hudson received Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Systems Design Engineering from the University of Waterloo. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2008 %T Experiments, Expertise and Google Summer of Code (TM) %A Leslie Hawthorn %X Computer Science seems to no longer hold sway as the career of choice among North American undergraduates. A variety of reasons for the steady decline of enrollment - down 60% in the United States since 1999 - have been explored. These include economic factors such as concerns about job security and the accompanying increase in off-shoring of information technology roles. Further, studies have noted that Computer Science as a whole simply doesn't look like much fun to today's incoming student populations. There's a general perception that Computer Science means spending one's day chained to a keyboard and monitor, scraping by as a "code monkey". In particular, students cite a lack of a social element as a major deterrent to pursuing a career in Computer Science. In this article, we examine the Google Summer of Code program, the world's first global initiative to introduce College and University students to free/libre open source software development. Over the past four years, the program has provided a model that allows College and University students to more deeply engage with the joys of computing. The experience of our participants stands in sharp contrast to the generalizations mentioned in the previous paragraph. We will discuss the origins and evolutions of the program, as well as its structure. We will also discuss how students benefit by participating in GSoC, focusing on some select success stories. Finally, we discuss how Google views this investment in the F/LOSS community and its potential to improve the overall progression of Computer Science as a discipline. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 12/2008 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/210 %N December 2008 %9 Articles %1 Google Leslie Hawthorn is a Program Manager for Google's Open Source Programs Office, where she's the Community Manager for the Google Summer of Code community. She recently conceived, launched and managed the Google Highly Open Participation Contest, the world's first global initiative to get pre-university students involved in all aspects of open source software development. When not facilitating open source conferences and hackathons at Google's Corporate Headquarters in Mountain View, California, she's usually speaking about open source, F/LOSS in education, and community building or writing for the Google Open Source Blog. Leslie holds a Honors B.A. in English Language and Literature from U.C. Berkeley. Her personal website is http://www.hawthornlandings.org. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2008 %T A Flat Network for the Unflat World: Open Educational Resources in Developing Countries %A Steven Muegge %A Monica Mora %A Kamal Hassin %A Andrew Pullin %X Open educational resources (OER) apply the principles of openness - particularly the freedoms of use, modification and redistribution - to digital materials for teaching, learning, and research. OER can potentially touch all areas of education, from elementary schools to higher education to professional development all over the world, but we are particularly excited about the potential to expand access to education in developing countries. That is the focus of our research and the topic of this article. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 08/2008 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/174 %N August 2008 %9 Articles %1 Carleton University Steven Muegge is a faculty member of the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering at Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada. Professor Muegge teaches within the Technology Innovation Management program. His current research interests include open source software, open innovation, and open source ecosystems, and the application of management theory to solving practical problems. %2 CIDETYS Monica Mora received a Master's degree in Technology and Innovation Management from Carleton University. She has worked for the Technological University of Panama in different positions, including assistant professor and assistant of the President of this university. She is currently part of the technical committee of CIDETYS which was created to advise the Board of Directors and plan the first activities of the programme. %3 Carleton University Kamal Hassin received a B.Eng. in electrical engineering from Carleton University in 2004. He is currently a Master's student in Carleton University's Technology Innovation Management program. His research interests include software intellectual property management, intellectual property law, open source licensing, and open educational resources. %4 Carleton University Andrew Pullin received a B.Sc. in Combined Honours Chemistry and Computer Science from Carleton University in 2006. He is currently a Master's student in the Technology and Innovation Management within the Faculty of Engineering at Carleton University. His research interests include open source project ecosystems, open source licensing and open educational resources. He currently acts as Associate Director for Shad Valley Carleton and serves on the Board of Advisors to Virtual Ventures. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2008 %T Implementing Open Data: The Open Data Commons Project %A Jordan Hatcher %X Free and libre/open source software (F/LOSS) movements have spawned similar solutions in many other contexts, each at differing stages of development. As F/LOSS enters the routine and familiarity of middle age, the open content movement--open source for non-software copyright and best embodied by the work of Creative Commons--has just graduated university and is getting a feel for the world. Even younger is the open data movement, whose legal tools have just started to come online. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 02/2008 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/122 %N February 2008 %9 Articles %1 Open Data Commons Jordan Hatcher helps people understand intellectual property and Internet law, especially issues surrounding open licensing solutions such as Creative Commons and open data. He has a JD in law from the University of Texas, and a LLM in IP and IT law from the University of Edinburgh, Scotland. He is also the author, together with Dr. Charlotte Waelde, of the Open Data Commons set of legal tools. You can find out more about him at opencontenlawyer.com. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2008 %T Key Elements of Social Innovation %A Allyson Hewitt %X This article describes four key elements of social innovation: i) social technology; ii) innovation intermediaries; iii) people who drive innovation; and iv) openness. By taking experiences from social technology and examining the impact of "open everything", this article posits the value of innovation intermediaries as critical enablers of success in the emergent field of social innovation. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 09/2008 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/185 %N September 2008 %9 Articles %1 MaRS Allyson Hewitt is Director, Social Entrepreneurship at MaRS. She established the social innovation program that includes Social Innovation Generation (SiG@MaRS). This program provides social innovators and entrepreneurs access to resources to turn their ideas into positive outcomes for society. Allyson was the Executive Director of Safe Kids Canada and an advocate in preventing injuries to children. Prior to that, Allyson was the Executive Director of Community Information Toronto, an agency that matches people with services. In this capacity, she helped lead the development of 211, providing three-digit and online access to social service, community and government information. For this work she was awarded the HRDC-sponsored Head of the Public Service Award and several other awards for meritorious public service. She has a BA in Criminology and Law, a diploma in Public Affairs and certification in Voluntary Sector Management and Leading Change. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2008 %T Open Source, Social Innovation and a New Economy of Engagement %A Stephen Huddart %X Open source technologies and social innovation have emerged at a time when it is critical to adopt inclusive, creative, multi-disciplinary approaches to solving complex social and environmental problems. This article examines the relationship between open source, social innovation and engagement. It reviews four areas where their interplay has afforded organizations working in the (mainly Canadian) social sector with new tools and approaches to managing change. These tools include: i) collaboration and learning platforms; ii) social networking programs; iii) resource allocation websites; and iv) advocacy tools. An examination of two organizations leading social change in Canada suggests that to address society's larger problems, social innovators must also make use of economic incentives, facilitated or hosted conversations, and partnerships. Finally, two areas where innovation is urgently needed are identified as sustainability education and the means by which we participate in democratic processes and government decision-making. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 09/2008 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/184 %N September 2008 %9 Articles %1 J. W. McConnell Family Foundation Stephen Huddart is the Vice President of The J. W. McConnell Family Foundation in Montreal and the Director of SiG (Social Innovation Generation) @ McConnell. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2008 %T Why Give Knowledge Away for Free? The Case for Open Educational Resources %A Jan Hylén %X An apparently extraordinary trend is emerging. Although learning resources are often considered as key intellectual property in a competitive higher education world, more institutions and individuals are sharing digital learning resources openly and without cost, as open educational resources (OER). The issues of why this is happening, who is involved, and the important implications were addressed in a 2006 study carried out by the OECD Centre for Educational Research and Innovation with the support of the Hewlett Foundation. The main conclusions are summarised here, together with some insights from a follow-up, and not yet published, study from spring 2008. Higher education is facing a number of challenges: globalisation, an aging society, growing competition between higher educational institutions both nationally and internationally, and rapid technological development. OER is itself one of these challenges, but may also be a sound strategy for individual institutions to meet them. The trend towards sharing software programmes through open source software and research outcomes through open access publishing is already so strong that it is generally thought of as a movement. It is now complemented by the trend towards sharing learning resources: the OER movement. OER are a fascinating technological development and, potentially, a major educational tool. They accelerate the blurring of formal and informal learning, and of educational and broader cultural activities. They raise basic philosophical issues dealing with the nature of ownership, the validation of knowledge, and concepts such as altruism and collective goods. They reach into issues of property and its distribution across the globe. They offer the prospect of a radically new approach to the sharing of knowledge, at a time when effective use of knowledge is seen as the key to economic success, for both individuals and nations. OER projects can expand access to learning for everyone, but most of all, for non-traditional groups of students. They thus widen participation in higher education. They can be an efficient way of promoting lifelong learning, both for individuals and for government, and can bridge the gap between non-formal, informal, and formal learning. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 08/2008 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/175 %N August 2008 %9 Articles %1 Metamatrix Jan Hylén holds a Ph.D. in Political Science from Stockholm University, Sweden. He has worked in the National Agency for Education in Sweden as Director of Research and served as Political Advisor to the Minister of Schools and Adult Education. He has been an analyst at OECDs Centre for Educational Research and Innovation where he was responsible for the project on OER, and is now at Metamatrix, a Swedish consultancy. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2007 %T Conference Report: Open Education 2007 %A Andrew Pullin %A Kamal Hassin %A Monica Mora %X Open Education Resources (OER) are educational material and resources that the general public can freely use for teaching, learning, and research. Like Open Source Software (OSS), OER contain content that is freely reused and redistributed without the traditional restrictions imposed by copyright. OER also includes the tools used to develop, improve, and distribute this content to communities. The Open Education 2007: Localizing and Learning conference was held at Utah State University in September. The conference focused on the ability of people to learn as simply publishing OER content online does not guarantee that it can be effectively used for learning. This theme was investigated from two perspectives. The first was from the developer perspective with the sharing of efforts to localize the educational content and make it more relevant to the people using it. The second was from the user perspective where organizations utilizing or deploying OER spoke of their experiences, challenges, and successes. This report provides an overview of the sustainability, localization, technological, legal and interoperability issues raised at the conference. It concludes with the authors' views regarding the future direction of OERs, based on their research being conducted at Carleton University's Technology Innovation Management program. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 11/2007 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/59 %N November 2007 %9 Articles %1 Carleton University Andrew Pullin received a B.Sc. in Combined Honours Chemistry and Computer Science from Carleton University in 2006. He is currently a Master's student in the Technology and Innovation Management within the Faculty of Engineering at Carleton University. His research interests include open source project ecosystems, open source licensing and open educational resources. He currently acts as Associate Director for Shad Valley Carleton and serves on the Board of Advisors to Virtual Ventures. %2 Carleton University Kamal Hassin received a B.Eng. in electrical engineering from Carleton University in 2004. He is currently a Master's student in Carleton University's Technology Innovation Management program. His research interests include software intellectual property management, intellectual property law, open source licensing, and open educational resources. %3 CIDETYS Monica Mora received a Master's degree in Technology and Innovation Management from Carleton University. She has worked for the Technological University of Panama in different positions, including assistant professor and assistant of the President of this university. She is currently part of the technical committee of CIDETYS which was created to advise the Board of Directors and plan the first activities of the programme. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2007 %T Free as in Adjective, Not as in Verb %A Amos Hayes %X Open source provides an avenue for distributing academic research well beyond the covers of journals or the lunchtime chatter of sharp-minded thinkers to a much broader audience. Interestingly, the choice of open source license is often a choice of community. By understanding the goals and underlying philosophy of a research project, one is better equipped to find a suitable license and attract a community with similar interests. This article provides an examination of a particular academic research project's licensing goals and presents some of the lessons learned during the license selection process. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 10/2007 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/69 %N October 2007 %9 Articles %1 Carleton University Amos Hayes is a technical specialist turned researcher and manager at the Geomatics and Cartographic Research Centre (http://gcrc.carleton.ca) at Carleton University. A good part of his work is to help turn the ideas of researchers from a whole host of different academic disciplines into a set of technical capabilities for an open source community atlas framework. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2007 %T Lead Projects %A Peter Hoddinott %A Richard Alam %X Corporate Directory Platform and the Ottawa Tech Community described. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 07/2007 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/98 %N July 2007 %9 Lead Projects %1 Talent First Network Peter Hoddinott has over 25 years of experience in the Information and Communications industry. Peter has a B.Sc. and a M.Sc. in Computer Science, and recently completed the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton. He is currently employed by Carleton where he works full time on advancing the objectives of the Talent First Network. %2 Richard Alam completed his Master's degree at Carleton writing a thesis on how companies make money from the open source projects they initiate. He started the Blindside Project which develops a multimedia communication system using software from different open source projects. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2007 %T Open Source Assets %A Tony Bailetti %A Peter Hoddinott %X The Open Source Definition or OSD defines the criteria to which the distribution terms of software must comply for it to be deemed to be open source software. The term open source, however, is used to label a broad assortment of phenomena that fall well outside the established OSD. In addition, there is ambiguity in what is meant to be covered by the terms source and open. We envisage a definition of open source that equally applies to software, hardware schematics, content, and processes, not just software. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 09/2007 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/75 %N September 2007 %9 Articles %1 Carleton University Tony Bailetti holds a faculty appointment in both the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering and the Eric Sprott School of Business at Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada. Professor Bailetti is the Director of the Talent First Network. Until September 2007, he was the Director of the Technology Innovation Management program. He has taught for the Executive M.B.A. program offered by Queen's University in Ottawa since 1996. %2 Talent First Network Peter Hoddinott has over 25 years of experience in the Information and Communications industry. Peter has a B.Sc. and a M.Sc. in Computer Science, and recently completed the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton. He is currently employed by Carleton where he works full time on advancing the objectives of the Talent First Network. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2007 %T Open Source on Trial %A Kamal Hassin %X The way we develop software is continuously evolving: the everyday processes and practices used to produce software are becoming more efficient, and it is common for a team of developers to change several times over the life of a software project and for the components used to come from a variety of sources. However, the benefits of these changes cannot be fully appreciated unless correct policies and strategies are used to capture value from innovation. This is where the worlds of technology and Intellectual Property (IP) law collide and where license compliance is fundamental in protecting a company's IP and avoiding legal conflicts. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 10/2007 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/66 %N October 2007 %9 Articles %1 Carleton University Kamal Hassin received a B.Eng. in electrical engineering from Carleton University in 2004. He is currently a Master's student in Carleton University's Technology Innovation Management program. His research interests include software intellectual property management, intellectual property law, open source licensing, and open educational resources. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2007 %T Q&A. How one can develop a business model around open source? %A Peter Hoddinott %X How can one develop a business model around open source if the resource is freely available? %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 07/2007 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/89 %N July 2007 %9 Q and A %1 Talent First Network Peter Hoddinott has over 25 years of experience in the Information and Communications industry. Peter has a B.Sc. and a M.Sc. in Computer Science, and recently completed the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton. He is currently employed by Carleton where he works full time on advancing the objectives of the Talent First Network.