%0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2021 %T Rural Living Labs: Inclusive Digital Transformation in the Countryside %A Abdolrasoul Habibipour %A Johanna Lindberg %A Mari Runardotter %A Yomn Elmistikawy %A Anna Ståhlbröst %A Diana Chronéer %K Components %K digital transformation %K Living lab %K Rural living lab %K Rural residents %K user engagement %X Digital transformation (DT) has received increasing attention in recent years. Up until now, most of the current studies focus on digital transformation in advanced and dense societies, especially urban areas and technologies. Hence, the phenomenon of DT is under-researched in the context of rural and sparsely populated contexts. This study aims at exploring how a rural living lab (RLL) can be shaped and how this approach can be designed to support digital transformation processes in rural contexts. In so doing, following a design science research methodology (DSRM) approach, we have made an artefact (that is, RLL framework) that is an "instantiation" that supports user centric digitalization of rural areas. The designed framework is developed based on the key components of "traditional" and "urban" living labs, as well as empirical data which was collected within the context of the DigiBy project. The DigiBy project aims at conducting DT pilots in rural areas to elevate peoples' understanding of digitalization and the application of digitalization opportunities for service development in rural areas in the north of Sweden. As a result of these studies, five key components that guide the design of digital transformation pilots in rural areas emerged, namely: 1) rural context, 2) digitalization, 3) governance, control, and business mode, 4) methods facilitating DT processes, and 5) quintuple helix actors. We also offer an empirically derived definition of the rural living lab concept, followed by avenues for future research. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 11 %P 59-72 %8 12/2021 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1465 %N 9/10 %1 Luleå University of Technology Abdolrasoul (Rasoul) Habibipour (Ph.D.) is a postdoctoral researcher in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden and is Managing director of Botnia Living Lab, Sweden. His research focuses on participatory design and user engagement in information systems development processes, with a particular emphasis on users’ motivations and needs. Abdolrasoul has previously worked in information technology (IT) projects for more than 13 years as a project leader and project manager as well as software designer, developer and programmer. He has been involved in teaching and supervising students at the bachelor, master and PhD levels and has published several journal and conference articles in his research topic. He also serves as guest editor, track chair, and reviewer in different international conferences and scientific journals within the information systems field. %2 Luleå University of Technology Johanna Lindberg is a project manager and PhD candidate at Luleå university of technology who has more than 20 years of experience working with regional and local development in different subject areas. She has participated in the development of political goal management both from a researcher's perspective and from an official’s perspective. In short, she has worked to achieve the national political goals in several policy areas: environmental, gender equality, broadband, digitalization, culture, leisure, attractive sustainable growth, commercial service, payment service, and public health policy goals. %3 Luleå University of Technology Associate Prof. Mari Runardotter holds a PhD in Social Informatics from Luleå University of Technology. Her research focuses on social, societal and organizational effects of IT, primarily in the areas of digitalisation/digital transformation and service innovation. She use theories and methods for user engagement and involvement, that emphasize social, societal, cultural, organizational and gender aspects in the interaction between humans and information systems. %4 Luleå University of Technology Yomn Elmistikawy is a PHD candidate at Luleå university of technology. Her research focuses on the complexity of stakeholder involvement in the digital innovation process. She explores the roles stakeholders adopt, as well as, the interconnectedness and conflicts within these roles. She has participated in 5G related research projects focusing on the end user needs. She has experience in design science research and its use in designing solutions for information sharing during industrial crisis. %# Luleå University of Technology Anna Ståhlbröst is a chair professor in Information systems at Luleå University of Technology. Her research is focused on user engagement in innovation processes, with special interest in service innovation designed to create an added value for its users. Annas research is related to different application areas such as IT-use in everyday contexts, Smart Cities and Internet of Things. Anna has participated in numerous European and national innovation and research projects and she has been published in several scientific journals as well as in books and at conferences. %$ Luleå University of Technology Diana Chronéer is an Associate Professor in the Information Systems department at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden. Her main research interests are in the area of digital service innovation, business model development, information logistics, and project management. Her latest research project has been around designing for business value in collaboration platform development. %& 59 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1465 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T A Taxonomy of Factors Influencing Drop-Out Behaviour in Living Lab Field Tests %A Abdolrasoul Habibipour %A Annabel Georges %A Anna Ståhlbröst %A Dimitri Schuurman %A Birgitta Bergvall-Kåreborn %K drop-out %K field test %K Living lab %K taxonomy %K user engagement %K user motivation %X The concept of a “living lab” is a relatively new research area and phenomenon that facilitates user engagement in open innovation activities. Studies on living labs show that the users’ motivation to participate in a field test is higher at the beginning of the project than during the rest of the test, and that participants have a tendency to drop out before completing the assigned tasks. However, the literature still lacks theories describing the phenomenon of drop-out within the area of field tests in general and living lab field tests in particular. As the first step in constructing a theoretical discourse, the aims of this study are to present an empirically derived taxonomy for the various factors that influence drop-out behaviour; to provide a definition of “drop-out” in living lab field tests; and to understand the extent to which each of the identified items influence participant drop-out behaviour. To achieve these aims, we first extracted factors influencing drop-out behaviour in the field test from our previous studies on the topic, and then we validated the extracted results across 14 semi-structured interviews with experts in living lab field tests. Our findings show that identified reasons for dropping out can be grouped into three themes: innovation-related, process-related, and participant-related. Each theme consists of three categories with a total of 44 items. In this study, we also propose a unified definition of “drop-out” in living lab field tests. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 5-21 %8 05/2018 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1155 %N 5 %1 Luleå University of Technology Abdolrasoul Habibipour is a PhD student in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden and is a User Engagement Expert at Botnia Living Lab, Sweden. His research focuses on user engagement in living lab research, with a particular emphasis on users’ motivations and needs. Abdolrasoul has previously worked in information technology (IT) projects for more than 13 years as a project leader and project manager as well as software designer and developer. He is currently involved in international innovation and research projects such as UNaLab project, U4IoT project, as well as Privacy Flag project, all of which are financed by the European Commission. %2 imec.livinglabs Annabel Georges is a User Specialist at imec.livinglabs in Belgium. Annabel holds a Master’s degree in Communication Sciences from Ghent University, with a specialization in New Media and Society. Since 2013, she has worked at imec.livinglabs, where she has conducted research for more than 15 innovation projects. Her main interests are contextual research, field tests, and working on improvements on current living lab practices. %3 Luleå University of Technology Anna Ståhlbröst is a Professor of Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology, Sweden, and Managing Director of Botnia Living Lab in Sweden. Her research is focused on the phenomena of living labs and open, user-driven innovation processes, with special interest in end-user needs and motivations. Anna’s research is related to different application areas such as smart cities, domestic IT use, and online privacy. She has participated in several international and national innovation and research projects, and she is currently involved in the UNaLab project, U4IoT project, as well as Privacy Flag project, all of which are financed by the European Commission. %4 imec.livinglabs Dimitri Schuurman is the Team Lead of the Business Model and User Research Team at imec.livinglabs. He holds a PhD and a Master’s degree in Communication Sciences from Ghent University in Belgium. Together with his imec colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at entrepreneurs in which he has managed over 100 innovation projects. He is also active in the International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM) and in the European Network of Living Labs (ENoLL) as a living labs specialist. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. %# Luleå University of Technology Birgitta Bergvall-Kåreborn is Vice Chancellor and Professor in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology, Sweden. Birgitta’s research interests concern design-oriented research focused on participatory design in distributed and open environments; human-centric and appreciative methodologies for design and learning; value-based information systems development; the increasing overlap between stakeholder participation and labour sourcing; and its consequences for value creation and value capture. She has published several articles within these areas, and she has participated in a large number of national and international research projects. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1155 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T Editorial: Living Labs and User Innovation (January 2016) %A Chris McPhee %A Seppo Leminen %A Dimitri Schuurman %A Mika Westerlund %A Eelko Huizingh %K closed innovation %K field trials %K impact assessment %K living labs %K Open innovation %K user engagement %K user innovation %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 3-6 %8 01/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/955 %N 1 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen's University in Kingston, Canada. He has over 15 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Laurea University of Applied Sciences Seppo Leminen holds positions as Principal Lecturer at the Laurea University of Applied Sciences and Adjunct Professor in the School of Business at Aalto University in Finland. He holds a doctoral degree in Marketing from the Hanken School of Economics and a doctoral degree in Industrial Engineering and Management in the School of Science at Aalto University. His research and consulting interests include living labs, open innovation, value co-creation and capture with users, relationships, services and business models in marketing, particularly in Internet of Things (IoT), as well as management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. Results from his research have been reported in Industrial Marketing Management, the Journal of Technology and Engineering and Management, Management Decision, the International Journal of Technology Management, the International Journal of Technology Marketing, the International Journal of Product Development, and the Technology Innovation Management Review, among many others. %3 iMinds and Ghent University Dimitri Schuurman holds a PhD (2015) and Master's degree in Communication Sciences (2003) from Ghent University in Belgium. He joined the research group iMinds – MICT – Ghent University in 2005 and started working at iMinds Living Labs in 2009. Together with his iMinds colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at startups and SMEs, in which he has managed over 50 innovation projects. As a senior researcher, Dimitri is currently responsible for the methodology and academic valorization of living lab projects. He also coordinates a dynamic team of living lab researchers from iMinds – MICT – Ghent University. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. In early 2015, he finished his PhD entitled Bridging the Gap between Open and User Innovation? Exploring the Value of Living Labs as a Means to Structure User Contribution and Manage Distributed Innovation. %4 Carleton University Mika Westerlund, DSc (Econ), is an Associate Professor at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He previously held positions as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Haas School of Business at the University of California Berkeley and in the School of Economics at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. Mika earned his doctoral degree in Marketing from the Helsinki School of Economics in Finland. His current research interests include open and user innovation, the Internet of Things, business strategy, and management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. %# University of Groningen Eelko Huizingh is an Associate Professor of Innovation Management at the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen in the Netherlands. His academic research focuses on the intersection of innovation and entrepreneurship, marketing, and information technology. He has authored over 300 articles, has edited more than 20 special issues of journals, and has published several textbooks. His consulting activities include support of companies in their strategy and innovation efforts. He is also the Director of Scientific Affairs for the International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM) and the Director of Huizingh Academic Development, through which he has run more than 50 workshops around the world to help both junior and senior academics to publish for career advancement and to attract funding through improved written communication. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/955 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T Factors Affecting the Attrition of Test Users During Living Lab Field Trials %A Annabel Georges %A Dimitri Schuurman %A Koen Vervoort %K attrition %K drop-out %K field trial %K Living lab %K Open innovation %K user engagement %K user involvement %X Next to active user involvement and a multi-method approach, a third major principle within living lab research consists of capturing the real-life context in which an innovation is used by end users. Field trials are a method to study the interaction of test users with an innovation in the context of use. However, when conducting field trials, there are several reasons why users stop participating in research activities, a phenomenon labelled as attrition. In this article, we elaborate on drop-outs during field trials by analyzing three post-trial surveys of living lab field trials. Our results show that several factors related to the innovation, as well as related to the field trial setup, play a role in attrition, including the lack of added value of the innovation and the extent to which the innovation satisfies the needs and time restrictions of test users. Based on our findings, we provide practical guidelines for managers to reduce attrition during field trials. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 35-44 %8 01/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/959 %N 1 %1 iMinds – MICT – Ghent University Annabel Georges is a Junior Researcher in the research group iMinds – MICT – Ghent University in Belgium. She holds a Master's degree in Communication Sciences from Ghent University, with a specialization in New Media and Society. In her master's thesis, Social Media from A to Z: The Role of Media Coaches in the Diffusion of Social Media Literacy within the Library as an Organization, she used social network analysis to study the diffusion of social media literacy with library staff. At iMinds, her main interests are social innovation and the factors that motivate test users to participate in field trials. %2 iMinds – MICT – Ghent University Dimitri Schuurman holds a PhD (2015) and Master's degree in Communication Sciences (2003) from Ghent University in Belgium. He joined the research group iMinds – MICT – Ghent University in Belgium in 2005 and started working at iMinds Living Labs in 2009. Together with his iMinds colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at startups and SMEs, in which he has managed over 50 innovation projects. As a senior researcher, Dimitri is currently responsible for the methodology and academic valorization of living lab projects. He also coordinates a dynamic team of living lab researchers from iMinds – MICT – Ghent University. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. In early 2015, he finished his PhD entitled Bridging the Gap between Open and User Innovation? Exploring the Value of Living Labs as a Means to Structure User Contribution and Manage Distributed Innovation. %3 iMinds – MICT – Ghent University Koen Vervoort manages and coordinates panels within living lab settings within one of the first living lab organizations in Europe: iMinds Living Labs in Belgium. He also represents iMinds within large Flemish and European living lab projects, hosts workshops, benchmarks internal processes within the entire living lab community (and beyond), oversees an internal quality survey, and organizes fieldwork for iMinds' flagship, Digimeter, a report that tracks the ownership and use of media (technology) among the Flemish population. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/959