@article {1423,
	title = {Editorial: Digital Innovations in the Bioeconomy (February 2021)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2021},
	month = {02/2021},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	author = {Iivari Kunttu}
}
@article {1418,
	title = {A Year Acquiring and Publishing Drone Aerial Images in Research on Agriculture, Forestry, and Private Urban Gardens},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2021},
	month = {02/2021},
	pages = {5-16},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {5},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Drone imaging has been shown to have increasing value in monitoring and analysing different kinds of processes related to agriculture and forestry. In long-term monitoring and observation tasks, huge amounts of image data are produced and stored. Environmental drone image datasets may have value beyond the studies that produced the data. A collection of image datasets from multiple data producers can, for example, provide more diverse training input for a machine learning model for vegetation classification, compared with a single dataset limited in time and location. To ensure reproducible research, research data such as image datasets should be published in usable and undegraded form, with sufficient metadata. Timely storage in a stable research data repository is recommended, to avoid loss of data. This work presents research datasets of 2020 drone images acquired from agricultural and forestry research sites of H{\"a}me University of Applied Sciences, and from H{\"a}meenlinna urban areas. Those images that do not contain personal data are made freely available under a Creative Commons Attribution license. For images containing personal data, such as images of private homes, privacy preserving forms of data sharing may be possible in the future.},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1418},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1418},
	author = {Olli Niemitalo and Eero Koskinen and Jari Hyv{\"a}luoma and Esa Lientola and Henrik Lindberg and Olli Koskela and Iivari Kunttu}
}
@article {1338,
	title = {Agile Product Development Practices for Coping with Learning Paradox in R\&D Offshore Units},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {03/2020},
	pages = {70-78},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {70},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {R\&D offshoring involves the relocation of in-house R\&D activities to subsidiary units located in other countries, often associated with low-cost engineering work, to meet global operational requirements. The main motivation behind R\&D offshoring by global technology companies is usually to utilize local resources, knowledge, and competencies provided by geographically dispersed subsidiaries in the most effective manner, which in most cases involves high expectations for project performance. However, offshore units often have their own local interests, such as developing their activities to compete with the company{\textquoteright}s other global R\&D units, by not only building their project performance, but also demonstrating learning and innovativeness. This causes a learning paradox in which the R\&D unit is expected to possess capabilities for innovation and learning, while at the same time demonstrating a high product development performance. This paper presents a qualitative case study that analyzes how R\&D managers in the offshore units of a global technology company can cope with conflicting tensions between learning and performance. The results present a variety of coping practices that are based on developing local innovation strategies, constant learning, and supporting local innovation culture. The results also underline the meaning of agile working models in facilitating local innovation activities.},
	keywords = {Agile R\&D, Learning paradox, R\&D offshoring},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1338},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1338},
	author = {Janne Kuivalainen and Iivari Kunttu and Marko Kohtam{\"a}ki}
}
@article {1383,
	title = {Call for Papers: Digital Innovations in the Bioeconomy},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {09/2020},
	pages = {1},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {1},
	address = {Ottawa},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	author = {Iivari Kunttu}
}
@article {1331,
	title = {Editorial: Rapid Product Development and R\&D (March 2020)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {03/2020},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1331},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1331},
	author = {Iivari Kunttu and Charles Camarda and Antti Perttula}
}
@article {1332,
	title = {Rapid Learning and Knowledge-Gap Closure During the Conceptual Design Phase {\textendash} Rapid R\&D},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {03/2020},
	pages = {5-15},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {5},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {New product development strategies, such as set-based concurrent engineering design (SBCED) or set-based design (SBD), have demonstrated improved ways to address knowledge gaps in alternate design concepts prior to the decision to select a single concept for development. Most of the corpus in this field addresses engineering product development that relies on systems and subsystems with years of prior experience in testing, development, and operation. These often have known or existing solutions, and use state-of-the-art (SOA), or near SOA technology. In addition, most papers do not dive into the details of how knowledge was attained to rapidly close critical knowledge gaps. This paper attempts to explain how a research-based method to construct knowledge can accelerate the knowledge capture critical for developing solutions to extremely challenging problems. This rapid R\&D methodology enables a rapid acquisition of critical knowledge to understand potential failure modes of concepts in a set-based way. Thus, it enables intelligent decisions for the selection of the final concept as well as the continuous maturation of parallel concepts. The continuous, parallel maturation of multiple concepts enables effective off-ramps in the design process as requirements and new knowledge arise in the course of the development program, without incurring excessive rework, cost growth, and schedule creep. The goal of this paper is to describe a method that accelerates the generation of critical knowledge early in the conceptual design phase, as a way to close knowledge gaps quickly, and thus enable intelligent design decisions and concept selections early in the product development cycle. The methodological descriptions are illustrated with case examples from NASA technology development.},
	keywords = {knowledge gaps, R\&D, Rapid product development, set-based design},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1332},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1332},
	author = {Charles J. Camarda and Stephen J. Scotti and Iivari Kunttu and Antti Perttula}
}
@article {1374,
	title = {Using Foresight to Shape Future Expectations in Circular Economy SMEs},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {07/2020},
	pages = {42-51},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {42},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Future foresight in business plays a central role in firms\&rsquo; strategic planning, innovation, and product development activities. This is particularly true for the firms that are operating in rapidly changing business environments, in which a firm may obtain significant competitive advantages by coming up with new innovations and customer solutions. This article studies future foresight mechanisms and practices in innovative SMEs operating in circular economy\&ndash;related industries. The future demands set by legislation and regulation, consumer buying behaviour, and environmental consciousness, all have a strong impact on an SME\&rsquo;s future horizon, in which there may be prosperous business opportunities as well as several challenges. This paper presents a qualitative case study conducted on seven Finnish circular economy-oriented SMEs. The case study reveals that the SMEs in this industrial sector are quite active in foresight activities, and that they have developed a variety of practices for effectively utilizing foresight information in their product development and strategic planning activities.},
	keywords = {circular economy, foresight, innovation, PESTEL, SMEs},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1374},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1374},
	author = {Anne-Mari J{\"a}rvenp{\"a}{\"a} and Iivari Kunttu and Mikko M{\"a}ntyneva}
}
@article {1263,
	title = {Editorial: Smart Cities (September 2019)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {09/2019},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1263},
	url = {https://timreview.ca/article/1263},
	author = {Iivari Kunttu}
}
@article {1264,
	title = {Towards a Smart City Concept in Small Cities},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {09/2019},
	pages = {5-14},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {5},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {The smart city concept brings together technology, government and different layers of society, utilizing technological enablers, such as the internet of things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI). These enablers, in turn, facilitate development of various aspects of the smart city including, e.g., transportation, governance, education, safety and communications. However, the transition towards smarter cities involves not only technological development but also the changing and evolving roles of citizens, service providers and city authorities. In this transition, the key issue is creating and growing roles of collaboration, participation and coordination. Whereas mainstream research focuses on smart city transformation in big cities, aspects of this transformation in the context of small cities has been a widely neglected topic. This paper presents three cases of smart city development in small cities in Finland, each concentrating on a different aspect of smart city development. The cases reveal how a relatively small-sized city may take remarkable steps in smart city development by selecting a specific theme on which to build smart city activities. These examples also emphasize the critical role of public sector actors, showing that the public sector has a key role in creating the foundations for fruitful ecosystem-based development work.},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1264},
	url = {https://timreview.ca/article/1264},
	author = {Heikki Ruohomaa and Vesa Salminen and Iivari Kunttu}
}
@article {1062,
	title = {A Managerial Decision Tool for R\&D Outsourcing and Partner Selection in High-Technology Industries},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {03/2017},
	pages = {25-32},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Deciding which tasks and projects are best performed in-house and which should be outsourced to external suppliers are, alongside the supplier selection process, among the key challenges for R\&D managers operating in high-technology firms. This study presents a decision tool for evaluating whether to pursue R\&D tasks in-house or to outsource them. The tool also helps R\&D managers to evaluate which of the supplier candidates would be best suited to undertake the task to be outsourced. The tool is based on four views of evaluation that have both managerial and theoretical roots: identity, dependence, efficiency, and competence. The tool has been developed in a qualitative multiple case study based on R\&D supplier relationships and has been empirically tested in an R\&D organization.},
	keywords = {decision tool, outsourcing, partner selection, research and development, supplier involvement},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1062},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1062},
	author = {Iivari Kunttu}
}
