@article {1393,
	title = {Approaching a Data-Dominant Logic},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {10/2020},
	pages = {16-28},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {16},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This paper introduces the construct of "data-dominant logic". The findings of a multi-step exploratory study indicate that SME have an established mindset (dominant logic) that often hinders these firms from turning data in innovative products, services, and business models. The availability of large amounts of data and the use of this data through data science-driven practices has reached a stage when it now enables new and promising possibilities for firms to innovate. However, the actual use of data and data science insights has proven to be difficult for many companies. The firms under consideration in this paper recognize that the availability of data fundamentally changes their businesses. But also, they lack the appropriate culture, mindset, and business repertoire that would enable them to act by turning data into innovation. The paper concludes that firms first need to establish a new mindset in which data plays a central role. Here I term this mindset "data-dominant logic" (DDL). Future research is required to further concretize the construct beyond this introduction.},
	keywords = {Data science, data-dominant logic, dominant logic, empirical study, organizational and managerial requirements, SMEs},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1393},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1393},
	author = {Petra Kugler}
}
@article {1342,
	title = {Editorial: Digitalization and Internationalization (April 2020)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {04/2020},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {business network hubs, businessmodel, coaching, digital entrepreneurship, digitalization, digitalmarketing, entrepreneurial orientation, export practices, facilitators, impacts, international entrepreneurship, internationalization, liability of foreignness, MSMEs, network view, scaling, SME internationalization, SMEs, support institutions, training},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1342},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1342},
	author = {Christophe Schmitt and Rico Baldegger}
}
@article {1347,
	title = {How Institutions Promote Digital Marketing in Small and Medium International Companies: a Comparison Between Costa Rica and France},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {04/2020},
	pages = {58-71},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {58},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {The objective of this paper is to analyze institutional promotions to small and medium international enterprises on the subject of digital marketing. The authors conduct qualitative research with a descriptive scope, including 12 institutions in Costa Rica and France. The study is dedicated to working with SMEs involved in an internationalization process and offering them some type of training. for the collection of information, an in-depth interview with each participant was applied. It concludes that SMEs promote digital marketing through institutions, and that the way in which they carry it out varies between the two countries, Costa Rica being a more general and structured service, and France a more customized one.},
	keywords = {coaching, digital marketing, internationalization, SMEs, support institutions, training},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1347},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1347},
	author = {Karen V. H. Carpio and Susan Arce and Manon Enjolras and Mauricio Camargo}
}
@article {1374,
	title = {Using Foresight to Shape Future Expectations in Circular Economy SMEs},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {07/2020},
	pages = {42-51},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {42},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Future foresight in business plays a central role in firms\&rsquo; strategic planning, innovation, and product development activities. This is particularly true for the firms that are operating in rapidly changing business environments, in which a firm may obtain significant competitive advantages by coming up with new innovations and customer solutions. This article studies future foresight mechanisms and practices in innovative SMEs operating in circular economy\&ndash;related industries. The future demands set by legislation and regulation, consumer buying behaviour, and environmental consciousness, all have a strong impact on an SME\&rsquo;s future horizon, in which there may be prosperous business opportunities as well as several challenges. This paper presents a qualitative case study conducted on seven Finnish circular economy-oriented SMEs. The case study reveals that the SMEs in this industrial sector are quite active in foresight activities, and that they have developed a variety of practices for effectively utilizing foresight information in their product development and strategic planning activities.},
	keywords = {circular economy, foresight, innovation, PESTEL, SMEs},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1374},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1374},
	author = {Anne-Mari J{\"a}rvenp{\"a}{\"a} and Iivari Kunttu and Mikko M{\"a}ntyneva}
}
@article {1210,
	title = {Are High-Tech Companies More Competitive Than Others? An Empirical Study of Innovative and Exporting French SMEs},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {01/2019},
	pages = {33-48},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {The main objective of this research work is to question the relationship between the technological intensity of SMEs (defined by the share of R\&D expenditure in turnover, according to the OECD) and their growth potential (defined by their innovation and export capabilities). Through a multiple case study conducted with a panel of nine French SMEs, and through an analysis combining a qualitative approach (illustrative cases study) and a quantitative one (multidimensional statistical methods), several hypotheses were tested. Finally, this study points out that technological intensity, as defined by the OECD, is not directly correlated with the growth potential of SMEs. On the other hand, a company{\textquoteright}s technological intensity would have an impact on the way it manages its innovation and internationalization process, and thus the way it manages its internal practices. },
	keywords = {export, innovation, multiple-case study, SMEs, technological intensity},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1210},
	url = {https://timreview.ca/article/1210},
	author = {Manon Enjolras and Mauricio Camargo and Christophe Schmitt}
}
@article {1278,
	title = {Editorial: Insights (November 2019)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {11/2019},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {artificial intelligence, competitive advantage, cybersecurity, deep learning, Deepfake, design rules, digitalization, entrepreneurial ecosystems, entrepreneurial university, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship education, fake news, innovation, international entrepreneurship, leadership, Learning Capabilities, marketing, motivation, new venture teams, quadruple helix, sanctions, SMEs, teamwork, triple helix, university business incubation},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1278},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1278},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1207,
	title = {Editorial: Technology Commercialization and Entrepreneurship (January 2019)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {01/2019},
	pages = {3-8},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {commercialization, digitalization, e-leadership, entrepreneurship, framework, innovation, internationalization, legitimacy, management, SMEs, startups, technology, technology intensity, ventures},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1207},
	url = {https://timreview.ca/article/1207},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Ferran Giones and Dev K. Dutta}
}
@article {1212,
	title = {E-Leadership in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Developing World},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {01/2019},
	pages = {64-74},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in the economies of many developing countries. A critical challenge faced by SME leaders, as digitization continues, is how to adopt digital technologies to create value and enable faster product commercialization. There is a paucity of empirical research examining how e-leadership in SMEs drives technology and new product commercialization processes in the developing world. In this study, we have broadened the notion of what constitutes e-leadership, from the perspective of how advanced information technologies affect the leadership dynamic and the appropriation of advanced information technologies. Although there have been several studies on leading technologies in developed countries, we focus on developing an e-leadership framework for SMEs in developing economies. Using this framework and five selection criteria, we conducted 11 interviews with a sample of successful SMEs selected from a pool of 2,240 firms in the city of Johannesburg, South Africa. We conclude by highlighting the five key findings of this study, which explain how SMEs can develop effective e-leadership to foster commercialization and improve firm performance.},
	keywords = {commercialization, developing country, digital technology, e-leadership, small- and medium-sized enterprises, SMEs},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1212},
	url = {https://timreview.ca/article/1212},
	author = {Maksim Belitski and Bain Liversage}
}
@article {1281,
	title = {The Impact of Digitalization and Resources on Gaining Competitive Advantage in International Markets: Mediating Role of Marketing, Innovation and Learning Capabilities},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {11/2019},
	pages = {26-39},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {26},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {International Entrepreneurship as a field of studies depends on digitalization as an essential factor that drives internationalization. Riding on the wave of digitalization, firms can produce and market their products and services globally through digital platforms with reduced costs and time savings. Yet, digitalization as a determinant of competitive advantages for small and medium enterprises in international markets is rarely examined. This study fills the gap by testing the direct and indirect effects of digitalization on enterprise, specifically focusing on price, product and service advantages in digitalized international markets. Based on the data collected from 143 exporting SME manufacturers in Malaysia, results from our analysis revealed that digitalization has no direct effect on competitive advantage, but rather has strong indirect effects on product and service advantages. Managers and policymakers can thus leverage digitalization to improve their company{\textquoteright}s internationalization plans according to its intended competitive strategies.},
	keywords = {competitive advantage, digitalization, innovation, international entrepreneurship, Learning Capabilities, marketing, SMEs},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1281},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1281},
	author = {Yan Yin Lee and Mohammad Falahat}
}
@article {1147,
	title = {Editorial: Frugal Innovation (April 2018)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2018},
	month = {04/2018},
	pages = {3-5},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {development processes, emerging markets, frugal innovation, grassroots, healthcare, inclusion, internationalization, patterns, SMEs, sustainability},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1147},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1147},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Deepak S. Gupta and Mokter Hossain}
}
@article {1198,
	title = {Information Security Best Practices: First Steps for Startups and SMEs},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2018},
	month = {11/2018},
	pages = {32-42},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This article identifies important first steps toward understanding and implementing information security. From the broad selection of existing best practices, we introduce a lightweight yet comprehensive security framework with four useful first steps: identifying assets and risks; protecting accounts, systems, clouds, and data; implementing a continuity plan; and monitoring and reviewing. This article is intended primarily for startups and less mature companies, but it is likely to be of interest to any reader seeking an introduction to basic information security concepts and principles as well as their implementation.},
	keywords = {best practices, cybersecurity, information security, risk management, SMEs, startups},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1198},
	url = {https://timreview.ca/article/1198},
	author = {Urpo Kaila and Linus Nyman}
}
@article {1122,
	title = {Editorial: Collaboration (December 2017)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {12/2017},
	pages = {3-5},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {collaboration, collaborative capability, cooperation, coworking, education, entrepreneurial commitment, entrepreneurship, industry, interdisciplinarity, SMEs, startups, university},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1122},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1122},
	author = {Chris McPhee}
}
@article {1125,
	title = {Innovation by Collaboration between Startups and SMEs in Switzerland},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {12/2017},
	pages = {23-31},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Open innovation is key to the success of many companies. It is based on the intelligent use of all possible resources, including collaborations with parties outside the firm. Although it is well known that large companies foster and use startups as experiments in their innovation process, little is known about similar activities with small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The aim of this article is to report the results of research done in Switzerland on startups and SMEs. It reveals that most startups know that they must co-operate with other companies from the very beginning of their existence, and that both sides have difficulties in performing a systematic search for possible partners. Hence, to encourage the collaborative development of innovative solutions, we propose building bridges between startups and SMEs, making the identification of possible users of new technologies (SMEs) more accessible to startups, as well as making startups more identifiable by SMEs.},
	keywords = {collaboration co-operation, innovation, matchmaking, SMEs, startups},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1125},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1125},
	author = {Fabio Mercandetti and Christine Larbig and Vincenzo Tuozzo and Thomas Steiner}
}
@article {980,
	title = {Weighing the Pros and Cons of Engaging in Open Innovation},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2016},
	month = {04/2016},
	pages = {34-40},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {The positive aspects of open innovation projects are widely discussed in innovation management research and practice by means of case studies and best practices. However, enterprises, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) also face miscellaneous challenges in open innovation practice, leading to uncertainty and even renunciation of open innovation project participation. Thus, it is essential for SMEs to find the right balance between possible positive effects and negative consequences {\textendash} the latter being the less studied {\textquotedblleft}dark sides{\textquotedblright} of open innovation. However, appropriate methods of finding this balance are still lacking. In this article, we discuss the assessment of open innovation project participation by presenting a weighing and decision process framework as a conceivable solution approach. The framework includes an internal, external, and integrated analysis as well as a recommendation and decision phase. Piece by piece, we investigate the current situation and the innovation goals of the enterprise as an initial point for a decision for or against engaging in open innovation. Furthermore, we discuss the development of a software tool that automatically applies this framework and allows self-assessment by SMEs.},
	keywords = {benefits, entrepreneurship, Open innovation, open innovation participation, risks, self-assessment tool, SMEs},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/980},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/980},
	author = {Andr{\'e} Ullrich and Gergana Vladova}
}
@article {675,
	title = {Open Innovation at the Root of Entrepreneurial Strategy: A Case from the Norwegian Oil Industry},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2013},
	month = {04/2013},
	pages = {17-22},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This article aims to extend the discussion about entrepreneurial strategies of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by including the concept of open innovation. How can SMEs overcome the challenges of resource scarcity and harsh competition? How they can gain competitive advantage in today{\textquoteright}s ever-changing business environment? The answer to both of these questions might be through open innovation: collaborating with researchers, customers, suppliers {\textendash} even competitors {\textendash} as well as research institutions and universities. 

A common barrier to open innovation in an SME is the perception that it will be too time consuming to gain access to a knowledge base of external knowledge providers and link to {\textquotedblleft}gatekeepers{\textquotedblright} of knowledge. However, an entrepreneurial mindset might help SMEs to move toward an open-innovation approach, where more codified and transferrable knowledge are important. This article discusses the implications of an entrepreneurial focus for open-innovation activities. The usefulness of the open-innovation principles are highlighted through a case study of an Norwegian SME operating in the maritime-oil industry. },
	keywords = {entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurial strategies, Open innovation, SMEs},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/675},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/675},
	author = {Tatiana Iakovleva}
}
