01817nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245011000055210006900165260004200234300001000276490000600286520103400292653002301326653001601349653002101365653001401386653002501400653002401425653002001449653002301469653001401492100002101506856003601527       2015                        eng d  a1927-032100aBusiness, Innovation, and Knowledge Ecosystems: How They Differ and How to Survive and Thrive within Them0 aBusiness Innovation and Knowledge Ecosystems How They Differ and  aOttawabTalent First Networkc08/2015  a17-240 v53 aIn management studies, the ecosystem metaphor is often utilized without clear definition and, thereby, several partially overlapping concepts such as industrial, business, service, innovation, and knowledge ecosystems have been introduced. The purpose of this conceptual article is to go beyond the confusion to define what is meant by different concepts regarding an ecosystem and especially describe the relationships between the three different ecosystem types: business, innovation, and knowledge ecosystems. The article contributes to the literature by describing how the ecosystem types differ in terms of their outcomes, interactions, logic of action, and actor roles. The results show that the three ecosystem types are interconnected from the viewpoint of the ecosystem actor. For practitioners, the article sheds more light on how the rules of the game (i.e., the logic of action) differ in the different types of ecosystems and demonstrates that different models are needed in order to operate in different ecosystems.10abusiness ecosystem10acommunities10aconceptual paper10aecosystem10ainnovation ecosystem10aknowledge ecosystem10alogic of action10aman-made ecosystem10aplatforms1 aValkokari, Katri  uhttp://timreview.ca/article/919