01389nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245004100055210004100096260004200137300001000179490000600189520075500195653001400950653001500964653001300979653001000992653001201002653001001014100003301024700003101057700002301088856003601111       2015                        eng d  a1927-032100aPlaces and Spaces within Living Labs0 aPlaces and Spaces within Living Labs  aOttawabTalent First Networkc12/2015  a37-470 v53 aIn this article, we propose the concepts of places and spaces as conceptual tools to facilitate the organization of innovation activities within living labs. We have taken a pragmatic perspective on these concepts regarding how they are integrated in design situations, and how different types of places and spaces can facilitate or hinder innovation. We have found that, by applying openness, realism, and influence in the different spaces of our living lab milieus, they have transformed into many different places depending on the stakeholders involved, the methods chosen, and the facilitation of activities. Hence, by understanding this line of reasoning, living lab managers can make more informed decisions and plans for innovation activities.10ainfluence10aLiving lab10aopenness10aplace10arealism10aspace1 aBergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta1 aIhlström Eriksson, Carina1 aStåhlbröst, Anna  uhttp://timreview.ca/article/951