TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating a Biorefinery Ecosystem to Manage and Motivate Sustainable Regional Nutrient Circulation JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2021 A1 - Olli Koskela A1 - Clemens Dempers A1 - Maritta Kymäläinen A1 - Jarkko Nummela KW - Bioreactor KW - circular economy KW - nutrient recycling KW - simulation KW - waste management AB - Creating an ecologically sustainable circulation of nutrients requires local solutions with commitment from all participating parties. Due to vast differences between various regions, it is very complicated, if not impossible, to create fair, simple, and applicable legislation that can consider all of these differences in a meaningful way. Thus, there is a need for clear and easy ways of developing sustainable and viable solutions locally, as well as communicating them with local community and all the way up to the supervising governmental representatives. To meet this need, we developed a simulation tool that allows the user to explore the effectiveness and impact of a local biorefinery in waste management. As an iterative model based on state machine agents, it can easily be modified for a multitude of scenarios with changes taking place over time, while considering the viewing points of all involved. In this article, we report the first version of this tool and demonstrate its usefulness in estimating suitable biogas reactor size in a biorefinery. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 11 UR - timreview.ca/article/1421 IS - 2 U1 - Häme University of Applied Sciences Olli Koskela is currently working as a research manager at Häme University of Applied Sciences with a data science team. His research areas include many bioeconomic processes, such as dairy production, feed quality management, and soil maintenance. He holds a Master of Science degree in applied mathematics from Helsinki University and is finalizing his PhD thesis in the field of biomedical engineering at Tampere University. U2 - University of Pretoria Clemens Dempers obtained a MSc in Physics at the University of Natal and is a registered professional physicist. He is interested in multi-paradigm data science and modeling & simulation of complex systems, and how these methodologies can enable better decision making. Clemens has been involved in multiple consulting projects, in South Africa, Botswana, India, New Zealand, and Finland. He is currently enrolled in a PhD program at the University of Pretoria in the Industrial & Systems Engineering department. U3 - Häme University of Applied Sciences Maritta Kymäläinen is currently working as a principal research scientist and leader of a biomass refining team at Häme University of Applied Sciences. She has expertise in valorization of biowastes and side streams by thermal and biotechnical processes, and considerable experience in managing R&D projects related to circular bioeconomy, nutrient recycling, algae production, and overall utilization chains of waste and side streams from horticulture, agriculture, and the food industry. She holds a Doctor of Science (technology) degree in chemical engineering from Åbo Akademi University, and a M.Sc. degree in bioengineering at Helsinki University of Technology. U4 - Häme University of Applied Sciences Jarkko Nummela is currently working as a research service manager in Häme University of Applied Sciences. He has worked as a researcher in various applied research projects mainly with circular economy and especially nutrient circulation. Conversion of biomasses into algae, biogas or biochar has been the main method utilized in his nutrient circulation projects. Jarkko received his MSc (tech) degree in mechanics from the Technical University of Lappeenranta. He has work experience for many years in the metal industry. In early 2000, he graduated from a Biotechnology and Food Engineering degree program at Häme University of Applied Sciences. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SMEs and the Innovation Management Process: A multi-level process conceptual framework JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2021 A1 - Angelo Dossou-Yovo A1 - Christian Keen KW - innovation KW - Innovation management KW - innovation process KW - small business AB - The aim of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework to manage the innovation process in small businesses. It is based on research from 11 case studies in the Montreal software industry using contingency and resource dependency theories. This conceptual framework provides a view of the innovation process that differs from the linear approach often used in many studies to investigate innovation in small and medium sized businesses (SMEs). The linear approach considers the process as a set of activities that includes developing from one stage to another, while depending on the previous one. We conceptualize the innovation process in small businesses as an interactive process that involves a set of six subprocesses and several keys points of resources mobilization, which requires interacting with both internal and external business actors. Successful mobilization of innovation resources at all key points determines the success or failure of SMEs' innovation processes. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 11 UR - timreview.ca/article/1414 IS - 1 U1 - York University Dr. Angelo Dossou-Yovo is Associate Professor in the Department of International Studies at York University (Toronto, Canada) where he teaches Management and Entrepreneurship in the dual degree program in International Studies and Business Administration, a program jointly offered with emLyon Business School (France). His research interests focus on the processes of opportunity recognition, growth and innovation in small and medium sized businesses in the information technology industry as well as innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems. U2 - Laval University Laval University Christian Keen, PhD is an Assistant Professor at the Département de Management, Université Laval, Canada. Christian has an extensive research and working experience in Europe, Latin America, and North America. Before joining Université Laval, Dr. Keen was Director Graduate Program in Finance at Universidad ORT Uruguay and member of the Department of Marketing & Management at University of Southern Denmark. His professional experience includes being member of several the Board of Directors of private companies and NGOs. He teaches graduate and undergraduate courses in international entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship, and international business. His research interests are in the areas of international entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship, emerging economies, and rapidly growing firms. Christian is a member of the editorial board of the International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, and associated editor of TIM Review and European Journal of Family Business. He has presented his research in several international conferences such as AIB, AOM, EIBA, and has also published papers in those areas. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for a Small to Medium-sized Enterprise to Engage in an Existing Ecosystem JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2021 A1 - Ermela Bashuri A1 - Tony Bailetti KW - Complementarities KW - ecosystem KW - engagement KW - Entry KW - SME KW - strategy KW - value creation AB - Recent advances in ecosystem theory prescribe that companies need to develop offers that are modular and form unique or supermodular complementarities with other offers. However, both academic and managerial knowledge of the strategies that especially small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) can use to engage in existing ecosystems for value creation remains scattered and predominantly vague. This article thus aims to explore applicable ecosystem engagement strategies from the perspective of SMEs, as discussed in previous scholarly literature. In so doing, the article puts forward and elaborates three distinct strategies that SMEs can apply to become part of value-creating ecosystems. In this way, the findings contribute to the literature on ecosystems. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 11 UR - timreview.ca/article/1453 IS - 7/8 U1 - TIM Program, Carleton University Ermela Bashuri is a MEng graduate of Carleton University’s TIM program. She also holds a MSc degree in European Economic Studies from the University of Tirana in Albania. Ermela is an experienced finance officer who has worked in the government, telecommunications, IT, and banking sectors. During her studies at Carleton University, Ermela held the position of Research Assistant and is currently working as a Business Analyst for Lixar IT (Lixar- BDO) in Ottawa, Canada. Her research interests include innovation ecosystems, e-commerce, and cross border trade. U2 - TIM Program, Carleton University Dr. Tony Bailetti holds a faculty appointment in Carleton University’s Sprott School of Business and the Faculty of Engineering and Design (carleton.ca). Dr. Bailetti is the past Director of Carleton’s Technology Management Innovation (TIM) program (timprogram.ca). He is the founder of the Scale Early, Rapidly and Securely community (globalgers.org) and the TIM Review (timreview.ca). He is the Chair of the Board of the Nigeria-Canada Trade and Investment Group (nctig.org). He is the lead for the AI for Local Value and Cross-border for Local Value, two global programs designed to scale the value of companies early and rapidly. His areas of expertise include: i) Technology entrepreneurship; ii) Scaling companies early, rapidly, and securely; and iii) Cross-border ecommerce. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seeking 'Strategy' in Business Intelligence Literature: Theorizing BI as part of strategy research JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2020 A1 - Yassine Talaoui A1 - Marko Kohtamäki A1 - Risto Rajala KW - Business intelligence (BI) KW - Conceptualization KW - definition. KW - literature review KW - strategy as practice KW - strategy content KW - strategy process KW - strategy realms AB - This paper connects the business intelligence (BI) literature with research in strategic management by plotting the existing research strands on BI: environmental scanning, competitive intelligence, executive information systems, and business intelligence, against the strategic dimensions of a) orientation (External vs. Internal), b) focus (Content vs. Process), and c) practice realms. The article accordingly offers a new re-conceptualization of BI as a strategic artifact across four strategic clusters: BI as a system, BI as a planned process, BI as a product, and BI as a decisional paradigm. This conceptual article contributes to the literature by integrating disparate views on BI and placing them within the content, process, and practice streams of strategy research. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 10 UR - timreview.ca/article/1387 IS - 9 U1 - University of Vaasa Yassine Talaoui is a researcher at the School of Management at the University of Vaasa, where he teaches business models and strategy work. His research interests focus on strategy work, practice theory, BI analytics, materiality, and sociomateriality. U2 - University of Vaasa Marko Kohtamäki is a Professor of Strategy, director of the "Strategic Business Development" (SBD) research group at the University of Vaasa, and visiting professor at the University of South-Eastern Norway, as well as the Luleå University of Technology. Prof. Kohtamäki takes special interest in digital servitization, organizational change, strategic practices, and business intelligence. U3 - Aalto University Risto Rajala is an Associate Professor of Service Engineering and Management at Aalto University, School of Science. His research focuses on the digitalization of operations and services, the transformation of technology-based business, and the management of complex product-service systems. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selling Data-Based Value in Business-to-Business Markets JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2020 A1 - Tuija Rantala A1 - Tiina Apilo A1 - Katariina Palomäki A1 - Katri Valkokari KW - B2B sales KW - big data KW - business-to-business sales KW - data-based value KW - digital solutions KW - value sales AB - The purpose of this paper is to study what aspects a sales function needs to consider when selling new data-based value in business-to-business (B2B) markets. The paper combines literature on the business-to-business sales process with data-based value. The study includes altogether 29 qualitative interviews from eight companies, representing seller companies at different stages in big data utilization. In addition, the study includes customer perspectives with six interviews from four customer companies. As a result, selling new data-based value is studied from several perspectives. First, we evaluate the impacts of the generated new data-based value from the seller and the market perspective. Secondly, we study what sales representatives need to understand, both from the customer’s perspective, and in relation to data and digital solutions during the sales process. Thirdly, on the customer side, we explore the roles of “digitalist” and old-school buyers, and their effect on the sales process. Our research findings highlight the crucial understanding of customer business and knowledge about real-time data management, digital twins, and artificial intelligence (AI) when selling data-based solutions that create real-time data, recommendations, and value for a customer’s business. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 10 UR - timreview.ca/article/1313 IS - 1 U1 - VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Tuija Rantala, M.Sc. (Tech.) works as Senior Scientist at the VTT Business, Innovation and Foresight research area. For several years, she has managed and worked in innovation and risk management projects with the B2B industry. She has applied and developed qualitative risk and opportunity management methods for different contexts. Her main research interests are related to new business creation, innovation management, open innovation, and risk management. Lately, she has studied the Internet of Things (IoT), social media, Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A), and intellectual property (IP) as enablers for new business and challenges they will pose to B2B companies. U2 - VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Dr. Tiina Apilo is a Senior Scientist at the VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. She joined VTT in 1994 where she has gained broad experience on corporate renewal and service business acceleration. She obtained her doctoral degree from the Lappeenranta University of Technology in 2010. The title of her dissertation was "A model for corporate renewal: requirements for innovation management". Her recent research interests have focused on AI as a booster of service business, innovation ecosystems, and future ecosystemic business. U3 - VTT Research Centre of Finland Katariina Palomäki has a M.Sc. (Tech.) degree in Industrial Management and Engineering and a BA (Hons) degree in Business and Management. She has worked as a research scientist at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland since 2010. Katariina has worked in both commercial and research projects in national and international contexts. In the area of business development and research, the key topics she has dealt with during the last few years include business model development, service business development, management of business networks, and the perspectives of sustainability and circular business. U4 - VTT Research Centre of Finland Katri Valkokari is a Research Manager working in the business, innovation, and foresight research area at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. She has over 15 years of experience in both research and practical development work on business networks, ecosystems, and networked business operations. She has, for example, held the post of programme manager in the large FIMECC (GP4V) and DIMECC (REBUS) research programmes, and worked for many industrial companies, large and small. Katri has published several articles, managerial guidebooks and other publications related to collaboration models, innovation, and knowledge management as well as sustainability. When it comes to ecosystems and networks, Valkokari believes versatility is the key to creating true impact. When networks are formed openly, they can be a powerful tool for solving many of society’s problems. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Social Acceptance of Wind Energy in Urban Landscapes JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2020 A1 - Mika Westerlund KW - city KW - clean energy KW - Social acceptance KW - sustainability KW - wind energy AB - Although wind energy has high potential as a sustainable energy source to fight climate change, and the post COVID-19 world may require accelerated transition to renewable energy systems, many wind energy projects nevertheless face community resistance. Research on social acceptance of wind energy has increased rapidly, but understanding still lacks regarding the different types of acceptance, whether or not the acceptance correlates with demographics, and what drives acceptance of wind farms in the urban landscape. Our analysis of 2,376 residents in Helsinki, the capital of Finland, focused on the gaps in understanding and identified three groups of people: Protagonists, Centrists, and Antagonists. While Protagonists are highly positive about wind energy projects in the city, Antagonists oppose them, and Centrists adopt a middle-of-the-road approach. Further, three factors matter for social acceptance in urban landscapes: 1) distance, as residents prefer offshore wind farms to be farther away from the city's inhabitants, 2) gender, as women are more accepting of wind energy compared with men, and outright opponents of wind energy are more likely men, and 3) participation, as residents wish to participate in decision-making processes regarding wind farms, but lack interest in having ownership of and responsibility for wind energy projects. The study discusses the implications of these findings for developers and policymakers of wind energy projects in the urban context. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 10 UR - timreview.ca/article/1389 IS - 9 U1 - Carleton University Mika Westerlund, DSc (Econ), is an Associate Professor at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He previously held positions as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Haas School of Business at the University of California Berkeley and in the School of Economics at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. Mika earned his doctoral degree in Marketing from the Helsinki School of Economics in Finland. His research interests include open and user innovation, the Internet of Things, business strategy, and management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sustainability-related Communication Patterns on the Websites of European Top R&D Spenders JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2020 A1 - Giacomo Liotta A1 - Stoyan Tanev A1 - Andrea Gorra A1 - Alicja Izabela Pospieszala KW - business decision-making KW - online communication KW - online data collection KW - principal component analysis KW - R&D KW - research and development KW - sustainability KW - sustainable innovation AB - Many firms struggle to incorporate "sustainability" into their operations in a way that can capture economic value and deliver social and environmental benefits. This article aims to answer two questions in this regard: (i) How do companies articulate the sustainability aspects of their businesses online, and (ii) In what ways does the degree of articulation of specific sustainability aspects relate to company performance metrics, such as sales and R&D expenditure. The research method measures the occurrences of a set of sustainability-related keywords on the websites of a sample of 387 firms that were ranked as top R&D spenders in Europe for 2013. We processed the keyword occurrences in a simplified version of latent semantic analysis based on the application of principal component analysis to identify the specific combinations of words used by companies to communicate sustainability issues on their websites. The results show that "sustainable innovation" and "sustainable operations" based on partnerships and cooperation represent a dominant part of companies' online communication strategies. One of the findings suggests a strong relationship between the communication of sustainable innovation aspects and sales, which offers a promising message to companies looking for evidence about the potential impact of their commitment to sustainable operations and innovation. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 10 UR - timreview.ca/article/1395 IS - 10 U1 - Aalborg University Giacomo Liotta was an Associate Professor in the Center for Industrial Production at Aalborg University in Copenhagen, Denmark. Before that he was part of the Institute of Technology and Innovation at the University of Southern Denmark in Odense. His research interests focused on sustainability and innovation in supply-chain networks, including the simulation of networked logistics-production systems as well as product-lifecycle management. Dr. Liotta had a PhD in Economics and Management Engineering at the University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy. He also held an MBA, MSc, and BSc degrees in Management and Industrial Engineering from this same university. His teaching activities focused on the design of global supply-chain networks and environmental issues. Dr. Liotta is the author of more than 20 papers published in international journals, books, and conference proceedings. He has been involved in national and European co-funded research and development projects. Giacomo passed away in December 2016, a few months after being diagnosed with cancer. U2 - Technology Innovation Management Review Stoyan Tanev, PhD, MSc, MEng, MA, is Associate Professor of Technology Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management associated with the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) Program, Sprott School of Business, Carleton University. Before re-joining Carleton University, Dr. Tanev was part of the Innovation and Design Engineering Section, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Odense, Denmark. Dr. Tanev has a multidisciplinary background including MSc in Physics (Sofia University, Bulgaria), PhD in Physics (1995, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris, France, co-awarded by Sofia University, Bulgaria), MEng in Technology Management (2005, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada), MA in Orthodox Theology (2009, University of Sherbrooke, Montreal Campus, QC, Canada) and PhD in Theology (2012, Sofia University, Bulgaria). Dr. Stoyan Tanev has published multiple articles in several research domains. His current research interests are in the fields of technology entrepreneurship and innovation management, design principles and scaling of technology start-ups, business analytics, topic modeling and text mining. He has also an interest in interdisciplinary issues on the interface of the natural and social sciences, and philosophy of religion. Dr. Tanev is the Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. U3 - Algonquin College and Carleton University Andrea Gorra PhD, MSc is a part-time Professor with the Business Management and Entrepreneurship Program at Algonquin College, Ottawa, Canada and an Educational Development Facilitator at Carleton University with a focus on work-integrated and experiential learning. Prior to this, she was part of Leeds Beckett University’s Business School (UK) where she taught and researched in the areas of Supply Chain, Operations, Project and Risk Management. Andrea’s current research interests are in the fields of student entrepreneurship and building equal opportunities for practice-based learning for all students, including those from underrepresented groups. She also has an interest in qualitative data analysis, topic modelling and the grounded theory methodology, and recently published a chapter in the SAGE Handbook of Grounded Theory (2nd ed). U4 - LEGO Group Alicja Pospieszala (Schroll Nielsen) has a Management and Manufacturing Engineering degree from the Technical University of Wroclaw in Poland with a focus on quality management systems in production. Alicja has also completed a Masters degree in Product Development and Innovation at the University of Southern Denmark. She is currently working in the LEGO Group being responsible for activities related to problem solving and quality improvement in Mould Design. Before joining the LEGO group Alicja has worked for around 3 years at EWII Mobility A/S focusing on the quality management support of the production of 3-wheel electric vehicles. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Systematic Analysis of how Practitioners Articulate Business Models across Disruptive Industries JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2020 A1 - Alina Marie Herting A1 - Alexander Lennart Schmidt KW - business model components KW - business models KW - content analysis KW - disruptive innovation KW - industries KW - secondary data AB - Ongoing debates surround the role of business models in understanding the dynamics related to disruptive innovation. Too little is still known about how practitioners highlight different characteristics of business models across industries confronted with disruptive dynamics. This shortcoming in current debates hampers a better understanding of the context-dependent phenomenon of "disruption", ultimately limiting the development of adequate business strategies for incumbents and entrepreneurs alike. Consequently, we generated a systematic database of communicated business models from 1,095 relevant press releases and company reports published between 1995 and 2019. The business models from the retrieved articles were assigned to their corresponding industry using the Global Industry Categorization Standard (GICS) to allow for diverse categorization. Subsequently, we performed a deductive coding procedure, building on accepted business model component classifications. Our study contributes insights about relevant business model components, drawing on practitioner experiences in the face of disruptive dynamics. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 10 UR - timreview.ca/article/1394 IS - 10 U1 - University of Münster Alina Marie Herting is a master student of Business Administration at the University of Münster (WWU Münster) with a study focus in Marketing and Management and a research associate at the Science-to-Business Marketing Research Centre (S2BMRC) at the Münster University of Applied Science with a focus on disruptive innovation and business model innovation. U2 - Science-to-Business Marketing Research Centre Alexander Lennart Schmidt is a research associate at the Science-to-Business Marketing Research Centre (S2BMRC), a lecturer for Marketing and Innovation management at the Münster School of Business at Münster University of Applied Sciences, and a PhD candidate in a cooperative PhD program at the Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam and Münster University of Applied Sciences. He is doing his PhD on the topic of innovation management while focusing on disruptive innovation and business model innovation. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scientific Excellence in Participatory and Action Research: Part I. Rethinking Research Quality JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2019 A1 - Erik Lindhult KW - action research KW - participatory research KW - quality AB - A core impetus of participatory and action research is making science relevant and useful for solving pressing problems and improving social conditions, and enabling stakeholders to participate in research and development processes. There are claims in the community of participatory and action research of the potential for heightened scientific excellence, but at the same time, there are critiques in the mainstream community that more engaged, even activist, stances threaten scientific norms or that position these type of research approaches outside the field of science, for example, as issues of application. In the search of clarification of the scientific identity and the specific qualities of participatory and action research, scholars have been moving away from and sometimes have rejected traditional conceptions of quality. This leads to confusion about how to relate to the discourse on research quality and scientific excellence in mainstream science. Integration in this discourse is important in order to attain academic legitimation in prevailing institutions of science, for example, in applications for funding, in seeking to publish research, and in the acceptance of dissertations based on participatory and action research. The purpose of this article is to contribute to this integration by reconstructing the way traditional quality concepts – validity, reliability, and objectivity – can be fruitfully used in expanded frameworks for quality where scientific excellence of participatory and action approaches are visible and where mainstream science approaches also can be harboured. In this conceptual article, reconstruction of understanding of scientific inquiry is first made based on a praxis-oriented epistemology inspired by pragmatism. Through rethinking truth as trustworthiness, new proposals for the conceptualization and frames for research quality and scientific excellence are introduced. Second, a framework for understanding purpose in science and its basis in validity, reliability, and the core characteristics of participatory and action research is developed. Third, the turn to action, practice, and participation enables plural ways of knowing and ways that knowledge claims can be validated and made trustworthy. The article concludes that participatory and action research offers a broader landscape of purpose and validation than more traditional approaches to science. In a subsequent article, reliability and objectivity, and their use in participatory and action research, will be clarified. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 9 UR - https://timreview.ca/article/1237 IS - 5 U1 - Mälardalen University Erik Lindhult (PhD) is a Senior Lecturer in Innovation Management and Entrepreneurship at Mälardalen University in Sweden. He received his doctoral degree in Industrial Management from the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, in the area of Scandinavian dialogue democratic approach to innovation and action research. His main area of research is participatory, collaborative, and democratic innovation and change management, as well as entrepreneurship for a sustainable development of society. His research interests also involve collaborative research methodologies, including action research and interactive research. He has been involved in a wide range of collaborative R&D projects in the private, public, and cooperative sectors, in areas such as organizational development, incubator and science park development, service innovation, societal entrepreneurship, sustainable innovation, and school development. He is a board member of the Swedish Participatory Action Research Society (SPARC) and the Swedish Interactive Research Association (SIRA), as well as an expert advisor to the EU SWAFS Horizon 2020 research committee. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scientific Excellence in Participatory and Action Research: Part II. Rethinking Objectivity and Reliability JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2019 A1 - Erik Lindhult KW - action research KW - objectivity KW - participatory research KW - reliability AB - The purpose of this article is to deal with the following question: Can the concepts of reliability and objectivity be reconceptualized and reappropriated to enable understanding of scientific excellence in participatory and action research? The article shows that it is fruitful to consider the “subjective” and active role of researchers as vital in enabling scientific objectivity and reliability. As an expansion from a replication logic, reliability can be conceptualized as adaptive, goal-seeking, dynamically regulated processes enabled by effective organization of interactive and participatory learning processes where all participants can contribute to learning and correction in inquiry. Instead of erasing subjectivity, objectivity can be enabled by critical subjectivity, intersubjectivity, practical wisdom, impartial norms of inquiry, and open democratic dialogue. Reliability and objectivity in this understanding can be enabled by participatory and action research through skilful performance of research practices such as reflective conversations between parties, dialogue conferences, experimentation, and experiential learning as part of action-research cycles, etc., which are common in participatory and action research initiatives and projects. By rethinking validity, reliability, and objectivity, recognizing the substantially more active and participatory stances enables scientific excellence, it can expand the repertoire of strategies for promoting research quality, and it helps to mainstream this type of approach in the scientific community. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 9 UR - https://timreview.ca/article/1238 IS - 5 U1 - Mälardalen University Erik Lindhult (PhD) is a Senior Lecturer in Innovation Management and Entrepreneurship at Mälardalen University in Sweden. He received his doctoral degree in Industrial Management from the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, in the area of Scandinavian dialogue democratic approach to innovation and action research. His main area of research is participatory, collaborative, and democratic innovation and change management, as well as entrepreneurship for a sustainable development of society. His research interests also involve collaborative research methodologies, including action research and interactive research. He has been involved in a wide range of collaborative R&D projects in the private, public, and cooperative sectors, in areas such as organizational development, incubator and science park development, service innovation, societal entrepreneurship, sustainable innovation, and school development. He is a board member of the Swedish Participatory Action Research Society (SPARC) and the Swedish Interactive Research Association (SIRA), as well as an expert advisor to the EU SWAFS Horizon 2020 research committee. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The SDG-Check: Guiding Open Innovation towards Sustainable Development Goals JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2019 A1 - Justus von Geibler A1 - Julius Piwowar A1 - Annika Greven KW - fuzzy front end of innovation KW - Living lab KW - Open innovation KW - SDG-Check KW - sustainability assessments KW - sustainability inspiration KW - sustainable development goals AB - The “fuzzy front end” of innovation is argued to be crucial for the success and sustainability impact of a final product. Indeed, it is a promising area of focus in efforts to achieve the United Nations’ 2015 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which provide a globally accepted framework for sustainability. However, the usability of the 17 goals and the large number of sub-goals represent barriers to innovation practitioners. Moreover, this early innovation stage proves to be a challenge for corporate practitioners and innovators, largely due to the concept’s intangible, qualitative nature and the lack of data. To help overcome these barriers, this article proposes a four-stage approach for structuring the innovation process using an online tool called the “SDG-Check”, which help assess an innovator’s sustainability orientation in the early phases of product and service development. It is a semi-quantitative tool to gather and combine assessments by experts involved in innovation processes with implications for the United Nations’ SDGs. Furthermore, this article presents our first experiences in applying the SDG-Check based on three living lab innovation cases. The results indicate that the tools can support and inspire a dialogue with internal and external stakeholders with regards to sustainability considerations in the early design stages of product and service development. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 9 UR - https://timreview.ca/article/1222 IS - 3 U1 - University of Wuppertal Justus von Geibler co-leads the research unit Innovation Labs in the Division of Sustainable Production and Consumption at the Wuppertal Institute in Germany. Based on more than 20 years of professional experience in sustainable assessment and innovation, his research focuses on sustainability standards, sustainability innovations in value chains, open innovation in companies, and living labs. He coordinates the collaboration between the Wuppertal Institute and Climate-KIC. He holds a PhD in Economic Geography from the Ruhr University Bochum, Germany, a Master’s in Forest Sciences from the University of Göttingen, Germany, and a Master’s in Environmental Management and Policy from the University of Lund, Sweden. He has taught natural resource management, sustainability in global value chains, and sustainable supply chain management at Leuphana University Lüneburg, the University of Wuppertal, and the Said Business School at Oxford University, and he is the author of several books and over 100 scientific publications. U2 - University of Wuppertal Julius Piwowar is a Research Fellow at the Wuppertal Institute in Germany with a double degree in Sustainability Management from the University of Oldenburg, Germany, and in Strategic Leadership towards Sustainability from the University of Karlskrona, Sweden. His research focuses on user experience design and living lab services. U3 - University of Wuppertal Annika Greven studied industrial design engineering (BEng) at Fontys University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands and strategic innovation in products and services (MA) at the University of Wuppertal, Germany. Her Master’s thesis pointed out needs, potentials, and holistic design concepts in order to provide SMEs with a framework that methodologically helps them to develop a socially and ecologically sustainable business model. As a research fellow at the Wuppertal Institute, she is working with living lab services and sustainable business model design. Furthermore, she is working in a startup for sustainable fashion and as a freelancer in the field of design. Her research focuses on strategic innovation, product design, user-centred design, design thinking, business model design, and sustainability. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Smart Mobility: Services, Platforms and Ecosystems JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2019 A1 - Jukka Pulkkinen A1 - Jari Jussila A1 - Atte Partanen A1 - Igor Trotskii A1 - Aki Laiho AB - In this study, we provide novel insight into building and managing growth in a new emerging market: the operation and maintenance of a heterogeneous and expanding vehicle fleet in a smart city environment. There are several different types of players in this emerging market and a dominant player is still missing. Based on our empirical findings, we identified three key characteristics of a growing business and the ability to reach a leading position: 1) co-creation through resource integration and service exchange is preferable for responding to market demands; 2) a digital platform is critical to create the necessary knowledge for resource integration and service exchange; and 3) smart services glue the ecosystem and platform together and create the outcome that solves the defined business problem. Most importantly, all three elements—ecosystem, platform and smart services—create a uniform environment in which to grow the business in a new emerging market. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 9 UR - https://timreview.ca/article/1265 IS - 9 U1 -
Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK) 
Dr. Jukka Pulkkinen holds a PhD degree in control engineering from Helsinki University of Technology. Currently, he acts as a principal research scientist at Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK). His research is currently focused on strategic business management, digital servitization and service development, especially in industry and smart city environments. Before his academic career, he had a long career in various leadership positions in a global industrial company, leading the service business, the EMEA sales region and a global business unit.
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Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK)
Dr. Jari Jussila holds a PhD degree in information and knowledge management from Tampere University of Technology (TUT, 2015). Currently he acts as a principal research scientist at Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK). His research is currently focused on knowledge management, business intelligence, social media, big social data analytics, and health informatics. His work has been published in international journals such as IEEE Access, Computers in Human Behavior, Industrial Management & Data Systems, the International Journal of Knowledge Management and Knowledge Management Research & Practice.
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Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK)

Atte Partanen holds a bachelor’s degree in electrical and automation engineering from Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK, 2017). He works as a project engineer in many projects focused on the Internet of Things, data management and information systems at Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK). His research is currently focused on information and data management systems. His work on information systems and smart cities has been published in journals.

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Igor Trotskii graduated from Häme University of Applied Sciences with a degree in electrical and automation engineering. He works as a project engineer with responsibilities in data analysis, and the design and implementation of data-driven applications. 
 
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Rolan Oy

Dr. Aki Laiho holds a PhD degree from the Faculty of Industrial Engineering of Aalto University. He is a partner at Rolan Oy, which operates and maintains a shared-mobility vehicle fleet. 

ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Status and Future of Action Research: An Interview with Professor David Coghlan JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2019 A1 - David Coghlan A1 - Erik Lindhult KW - action research KW - David Coghlan KW - insider action research KW - interiority KW - interview KW - reflection PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 9 UR - https://timreview.ca/article/1248 IS - 6 U1 - Trinity College David Coghlan is Professor Emeritus at the Trinity Business School, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland, and is a Fellow Emeritus of the College. He specializes in organization development and action research and participates actively in the both communities internationally. He has published over 180 articles and book chapters. Recent books include: Doing Action Research in Your Own Organization (5th ed. Sage: London, 2019); Conducting Action Research for Business and Management Students (with Rami Shani, Sage: London, 2018), Inside Organizations (Sage: London, 2016). He is co-editor (with Mary Brydon-Miller) of the SAGE Encyclopedia of Action Research and (with Rami Shani) of the four-volume sets, Fundamentals of Organization Development (Sage: London, 2010) and Action Research in Business and Management (Sage: London, 2016). He is a member of the editorial advisory board of several journals, including Action Research, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, Action Learning: Research and Practice, Systemic Practice and Action Research, and OD Review. U2 - Mälardalen University Erik Lindhult (PhD) is a Senior Lecturer in Innovation Management and Entrepreneurship at Mälardalen University in Sweden. He received his doctoral degree in Industrial Management from the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, in the area of Scandinavian dialogue democratic approach to innovation and action research. His main area of research is participatory, collaborative, and democratic innovation and change management, as well as entrepreneurship for a sustainable development of society. His research interests also involve collaborative research methodologies, including action research and interactive research. He has been involved in a wide range of collaborative R&D projects in the private, public, and cooperative sectors, in areas such as organizational development, incubator and science park development, service innovation, societal entrepreneurship, sustainable innovation, and school development. He is a board member of the Swedish Participatory Action Research Society (SPARC) and the Swedish Interactive Research Association (SIRA), as well as an expert advisor to the EU SWAFS Horizon 2020 research committee. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Strategies of Technology Startups Within and Between Business Ecosystems JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2019 A1 - Taina Tukiainen A1 - Thommie Burström A1 - Martin Lindell KW - boundaries KW - business ecosystems KW - entrepreneurship KW - startups KW - strategy AB - Technology startups build strategies in order to survive within the framework of business ecosystems. However, the knowledge required to make such strategies effective is scarce. This article poses the question: “How do small technology startups strategize within and between business ecosystems?” Based on an explorative qualitative study, this article defines and presents a dynamic strategic framework of three strategies employed by technology startups. Some startups choose to act within one defined business ecosystem, most startups use a multi-ecosystem strategy to act between and draw benefits from many business ecosystems, and the rest act as ecosystem creators that challenge the logics of existing ecosystems. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 9 UR - https://timreview.ca/article/1247 IS - 6 U1 - Aalto University Taina Tukiainen is Professor of Corporate Entrepreneurship and Innovation at Aalto University in Finland. She is also a Cabinet Member of the First Vice President of the EU Committee of the Regions. She has worked for over 10 years at Nokia Corporation and over 15 years globally in universities. Her research interests are entrepreneurship, innovation, strategy, and technology management. Her doctoral dissertation is titled The Unexpected Benefits of Internal Corporate Ventures: An Empirical Examination of the Consequences of Investment in Corporate Ventures (2004), and her latest related books are The Finnish Startups in Globally Evolving Ecosystems: Value for Finland (2014) and The Regional Innovation Ecosystems (2016). She has published in Organization Science and MIT Sloan Management Review and has a wide international network. U2 - Hanken School of Economics Thommie Burström is Rettig Capital Assistant Professor of Management and Organisation at Hanken School of Economics in Helsinki, Finland. His academic interests are in projects, entrepreneurship, business ecosystems, and platform management. Thommie has published papers in, for example, the International Journal of Managing Projects in Business. U3 - Hanken School of Economics Martin Lindell is Professor Emeritus in Entrepreneurship and Management at Hanken School of Economics in Helsinki, Finland. His research interests are in entrepreneurship, creativity, innovation, strategy, and leadership. He has published in many international journals including, among others, Leadership Quarterly, Scandinavian Journal of Management, International Strategic Management and Organization, Journal of Small Business Management, and European Management Journal. He has a wide international network and has been an active member in several international research projects. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategy-as-Process in a Technology Venture: A Case Study of Pivots, Pauses, Partners, and Progress JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2019 A1 - Andrew G. Earle A1 - Michael J. Merenda A1 - J. Matthew Davis KW - innovation systems KW - managing critical junctures and transitions KW - process research KW - technology commercialization KW - technology entrepreneurship AB - Technology commercialization is an often nonlinear process that tends to pass through various “stages” or “phases” as a venture attempts to shepherd a technology from the laboratory to marketplace. Between these phases are “junctures” or “transitions” that present particular challenges for entrepreneurs as they often comprise fundamental changes to the venture instead of simply scaled versions of previous challenges. In this study, we use a participant-observer methodology to deeply explore how a technology venture in the renewable energy sector negotiated these transitions. Our findings highlight the development of a “repertoire” of tools entrepreneurs can use to help successfully negotiate these transitions. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 9 UR - https://timreview.ca/article/1208 IS - 1 U1 - University of New Hampshire Andrew Earle is an Assistant Professor of Strategic Management and Entrepreneurship in the Paul College of Business and Economics at the University of New Hampshire in the United States. His research interests grow out of a long-held fascination with the transformational power of new technologies. The core of his research program is developing new ways of understanding how technologies move from initial invention to marketable products and how this process affects and informs the strategies of participating organizations. U2 - University of New Hampshire Michael J. Merenda is a Professor of Strategic Management and Entrepreneurship in the Paul College of Business and Economics at the University of New Hampshire in the United States. His focus is on problem-solving, critical inquiry, and strategic thinking as it applies to strategic management and entrepreneurial education. U3 - University of New Hampshire J. Matthew Davis is an Associate Professor of Earth Sciences at the University of New Hampshire in the United States. His research focuses on hydrology and water resources. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Science Is Indispensable to Frugal Innovations JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2018 A1 - Balkrishna C. Rao KW - factor of frugality KW - factor of safety KW - frugal innovation KW - research KW - sustainable development AB - In recent years, frugal innovations have become widely popular due to their no-frills nature that entails lower costs. However, most of the frugal innovations, at least at the grassroots level, are makeshift contraptions, made from indigenous ingenuity, that achieve their goals under constraints on various resources but may suffer from limited lifespans due to premature failure. Consequently, it is imperative that sound scientific principles not be overlooked or haphazardly applied in realizing these innovations, irrespective of their grassroots or sophisticated nature. This article therefore argues for the need to use science, sometimes at the cutting edge, to realize grassroots and advanced frugal innovations that are not prone to failure under various working conditions. In so doing, this work advocates the use of classical and new design methodologies that are rooted in science to save resources and, hence lower costs, while aiming for robust functionality of frugal products. In particular, a frugal design approach using a modern version of the safety factor called the “factor of frugality” has been propounded to effectively create any type of frugal innovation from scratch. By combining the ingenuity of the resourceful creators of frugal innovations with a scientific approach that aims to make the resulting products “fail proof”, such innovations may better contribute value to business and benefits to society. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 8 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/1152 IS - 4 U1 - Indian Institute of Technology Madras Balkrishna C. Rao is an Associate Professor in the Department of Engineering Design at the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM) in India. As a member of the Sustainable Manufacturing Group at IITM, he conducts research pertaining to sustainable manufacturing, additive manufacturing, and frugal design. Other than the work in manufacturing for automotive and aerospace sectors, his work in frugal innovations has led to the creation of a new type called Advanced Frugal Innovation (AFI) to account for the increasing sophistication seen in these products. He has also developed a frugal approach to design wherein advanced and grassroots frugal products can be built from scratch. Such a frugal design tool can greatly aid sustainable development in designing streamlined products for various sectors while also improving functionality. Among his other contributions, he has also developed a concept for tallying the innovative output of a country through Gross Domestic Innovation (GDI). Professor Rao earned his PhD in Mechanical Engineering with emphasis on manufacturing from Purdue University in the United States. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Smart Farming: Including Rights Holders for Responsible Agricultural Innovation JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2018 A1 - Kelly Bronson KW - agriculture KW - automation KW - big data KW - machine intelligence KW - power KW - responsible innovation KW - smart agriculture KW - technological values AB - This article draws on the literature of responsible innovation to suggest concrete processes for including rights holders in the “smart” agricultural revolution. It first draws upon historical agricultural research in Canada to highlight how productivist values drove seed innovations with particular consequences for the distribution of power in the food system. Next, the article uses document analysis to suggest that a similar value framework is motivating public investment in smart farming innovations. The article is of interest to smart farming’s decision makers (from farmers to governance actors) and a broader audience – anyone interested in engendering equity through innovation-led societal transitions. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 8 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/1135 IS - 2 U1 - University of Ottawa Kelly Bronson is an Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Social Sciences and the Institute for Science, Society, and Policy at the University of Ottawa, Canada. She is a social scientist studying science–society tensions that erupt around controversial technologies and their governance – from GMOs to big data. Her research aims to bring community values into conversation with technical knowledge in the production of evidence-based decision-making. She has published her work in regional (Journal of New Brunswick Studies), national (Canadian Journal of Communication), and international journals (Journal of Responsible Innovation, Big Data and Society). ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategic Foresight of Future B2B Customer Opportunities through Machine Learning JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2018 A1 - Daniel Gentner A1 - Birgit Stelzer A1 - Bujar Ramosaj A1 - Leo Brecht KW - action research KW - B2B industries KW - customer base analysis KW - customer foresight KW - customer knowledge KW - customer profile KW - data mining KW - machine learning KW - strategic foresight AB - Within the strategic foresight literature, customer foresight still shows a low capability level. In practice, especially in business-to-business (B2B) industries, analyzing an entire customer base in terms of future customer potential is often done manually. Therefore, we present a single case study based on a quantitative customer-foresight project conducted by a manufacturing company. Along with a common data mining process, we highlight the application of machine learning algorithms on an entire customer database that consists of customer and product-related data. The overall benefit of our research is threefold. The major result is a prioritization of 2,300 worldwide customers according to their predicted technical affinity and suitability for a new machine control sensor. Thus, the company gains market knowledge, which addresses management functions such as product management. Furthermore, we describe the necessary requirements and steps for practitioners who realize a customer-foresight project. Finally, we provide a detailed catalogue of measures suitable for sales in order to approach the identified high-potential customers according to their individual needs and behaviour. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 8 UR - https://timreview.ca/article/1189 IS - 10 U1 - Ulm University Daniel Gentner is a Junior Research Fellow at the Institute of Technology and Process Management at Ulm University in Germany. His research focuses on product management in B2B industries and especially on customer analytics methods and applications. Additionally, he works at iTOP.Partners GmbH as consultant and trainer for B2B product management, for example in the Center of Excellence in Global Product Management (CE ProMM). There, he supports the experience and knowledge transfer to practitioners on processes, techniques, roles, responsibilities, and tasks of product management in globally acting German and Swiss B2B companies. Daniel studied Business Administration at Ulm University and the University of Connecticut and holds a Master of Science degree from Ulm University. During his studies, he worked as a Student Research Assistant at Ulm University and as a student trainee in different companies (B2B and B2C). U2 - Ulm University Birgit Stelzer is a Senior Research Fellow of the Institute of Technology and Process Management at Ulm University in Germany, where she is also Head of the Department of Didactics. She has a diploma and a PhD in Management Science. She also works as a consultant and trainer for B2B companies on foresight topics, agile project management, and organizational transformation. Her research focuses mainly on foresight issues and business model innovation. She also lectures at several institutions in Europe, including the University of Antwerp and Steinbeis University Berlin. U3 - Ulm University Bujar Ramosaj is a PhD Candidate at the Institute of Technology and Process Management at Ulm University in Germany, where he holds a Master’s degree in Business Administration with a focus on Technology Management. His research focuses on the financial evaluation of emerging technologies and the assessment of their potential to gain greater value in technology-related M&A activities. In addition, he works for ITOP.Partners GmbH as a technology management consultant, where he identifies, analyzes, and evaluates technologies and technology strategies. U4 - University of Liechtenstein Leo Brecht is a Full Professor of Entrepreneurship and Technology at the University of Liechtenstein, where he researches in innovation, technology, and product management, mainly based on analytics. He joined the University of Liechtenstein in October 2018; previously, he was a Professor at Ulm University, Germany. Leo is the author of several books and the founder of two start-up companies. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Strategic Management Maturity Model for Innovation JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2018 A1 - Ferhat Demir KW - business model KW - innovation KW - maturity model KW - strategic management AB - Even though strategic management is highly critical for all types of organizations, only a few maturity models have been proposed in the business literature for the area of strategic management activities. This article updates previous studies and presents a new conceptual model for assessing the maturity of strategic management in any organization. The Strategic Management Maturity Model for Innovation (S3M-i) is composed of six maturity levels with seven dimensions. The main contribution of the S3M-i is to put innovation into the agenda of strategic management. The main objective of this study is to propose a model to align innovation with business strategies. This article suggests that innovation (new breakthrough products/services and business models) is the only way of creating sustainable growth, and strategy studies cannot ignore this aspect. Maturity models should embrace innovation to respond to the dynamic business environment and rapidly changing customer behaviours. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 8 UR - https://timreview.ca/article/1196 IS - 11 U1 - Ferhat Demir is a management lecturer, trainer, and consultant. He studied Industrial Engineering at the Sakarya University in Adapazarı, Turkey. He received his Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree from Kennesaw State University and his Master of Public Policy (MPP) degree from Georgia State University in the United States. His fields of expertise and research interests include strategic management, innovation strategies, competitiveness, business models, and organizational design. He has diverse experience with large corporations, SMEs, non-profit organizations, and governmental institutions. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Supporting Self-Determined Indigenous Innovations: Rethinking the Digital Divide in Canada JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2018 A1 - Jasmin Winter A1 - Justine Boudreau KW - digital KW - Indigenous KW - innovation KW - makerspaces KW - technology AB - This article seeks to revisit dominant narratives of digital technological development in Indigenous communities in Canada. By prioritizing Indigenous voices and drawing from concepts of self-determination and sovereignty, this analysis reorients discourse surrounding the “digital divide” towards a strength-based approach that positions Indigenous peoples as innovators and creators, not just consumers, of digital technologies. This article begins with a discussion of how dominant media has used technology and technological imagery to misrepresent Indigenous cultures and perpetuate colonial biases, and emphasizes the importance of making space for Indigenous future imagery. Following this is a discussion of digital storytelling and virtual landscapes, showcasing a small sample of Indigenous initiatives online, in video game and app development, and in augmented and virtual reality. Finally, this article considers the potential of “makerspaces” as a framework for future action to bridge theory and practice. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 8 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/1138 IS - 2 U1 - First Nations Technology Council Jasmin Winter is a recent graduate of the Master’s in Development Practice program at the University of Winnipeg, which stands on Treaty 1 territory. Originally from Vancouver, on the unceded lands of Coast Salish peoples, Jasmin was raised by a European father and a Chinese mother. This article contains material from a Major Research Paper that was graciously supervised by Dr. Julie Nagam. Jasmin completed a field placement with the Initiative for Indigenous Futures in the summer of 2017, and was a research assistant for the Transactive Memory Keepers project. She is currently working for the First Nations Technology Council in British Columbia. She is incredibly grateful to have had these opportunities to support Indigenous-determined innovations. U2 - University of Ottawa Justine Boudreau completed her undergraduate degree in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Ottawa, Canada, and is now working on a Master’s degree in Electronic Business Technologies. During the last three years, she has spent her time playing with new technology and diversifying her knowledge. She spent almost two years working with the Maker Mobile delivering workshops and integrating new curriculum for robotics and women in science and engineering. She then moved on to work for the uOttawa Richard L'Abbé Makerspace while teaching and running the first and second year engineering design courses run through the Makerlab. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Sharing Economy and the Future of Personal Mobility: New Models Based on Car Sharing JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2017 A1 - Olga Novikova KW - integrated solution KW - mobility modes KW - shared mobility KW - sharing economy AB - The sharing economy is an emerging phenomenon that shapes the cultural, economic, and social landscape of our modern world. With variations of the concept of the sharing economy emerging in so many fields, the area of shared mobility – the shared use of a motor vehicle, bicycle, or other mode that enables travellers to gain short-term access to transportation modes on an on-demand basis – has developed as the forerunner of the transformation to be expected in other areas. This article examines how the sphere of personal mobility has been affected by the growth of sharing economy. It contributes to the growing body of shared mobility literature by uncovering innovative mobility-based models that represent solutions on the intersection of shared mobility, physical infrastructure, and integrated-mobility schemes. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 7 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/1097 IS - 8 U1 - Hanken School of Economics Olga Novikova is a researcher and PhD candidate at Hanken School of Economics in Helsinki, Finland. Previously, she has worked on a variety of research projects from electric mobility to business model innovation. Her current research interests are the emergence and implications of the sharing economy. She has also co-founded Experience Living, a hospitality company in the sharing-economy space. Most recently, she has co-founded Good TV, a global mobile channel with a focus on inspiring, educational, and entertaining content. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Smart Contract Relations in e-Commerce: Legal Implications of Exchanges Conducted on the Blockchain JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2017 A1 - Philippa Ryan KW - blockchain KW - law KW - legal KW - online transactions KW - reputation KW - smart contracts KW - trust AB - Much of the discussion around blockchain-based smart contracts has focused on whether or not they operate in the same way as legal contracts. However, it is argued that most contracts are social rather than legal in nature and are entered into because the parties trust each other to perform the agreed exchange. Little has been written to address how the blockchain’s trust protocol can enable the kind of social contracting that characterized the way exchanges were conducted before the Internet. This article aims to fill that gap by exploring blockchain-based smart contracts primarily as non-contractual social exchanges. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 7 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/1110 IS - 10 U1 - University of Technology Sydney Philippa (Pip) Ryan is a Barrister and Lecturer in the Faculty of Law at the University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Australia. Her PhD reclassified the liability of third parties to a breach of trust. Her current research explores contracts and trustless relationships enabled by blockchain technology. Pip designed and coordinates legal technology subjects and in conjunction with the UTS Connected Intelligence Centre, she is developing writing analysis software to improve students’ self-assessments. She is on the industry advisory board of the Australian Digital Commerce Association, she is the Deputy Chair of the Australian Computer Society’s Blockchain Technical Committee, and she is a member of the Standards Australia Blockchain Technical Committee. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Structured Approach to Academic Technology Transfer: Lessons Learned from imec’s 101 Programme JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2017 A1 - Dimitri Schuurman A1 - Stan De Vocht A1 - Sven De Cleyn A1 - Aron-Levi Herregodts KW - academic spin-off KW - entrepreneurial action KW - entrepreneurship KW - incubation KW - research valorization KW - technology transfer AB - In this article, we describe imec’s 101 Programme for academic technology transfer and explain how it supports researchers by following a structured process in a limited amount of time and by carefully involving different stakeholders and people with relevant skills and expertise. The programme combines insights in terms of processes and of team composition from the entrepreneurship literature and puts them into practice in an internal incubation programme that is generated from the bottom-up. Based on hands-on experiences and interviews with key stakeholders in the process, we evaluate the programme and distill lessons learned. The article highlights the importance of a structured technology transfer process in the early stages of opportunity discovery and entrepreneurial action, and it offers insights on team formation for academic spin-offs. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 7 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/1095 IS - 8 U1 - imec Dimitri Schuurman is the Team Lead in User Research at imec.livinglabs and a Senior Researcher at imec – MICT – Ghent University in Belgium. He holds a PhD and a Master’s degree in Communication Sciences from Ghent University. Together with his imec colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at entrepreneurs in which he has managed over 100 innovation projects. Dimitri is responsible for the methodology and academic valorization of these living lab projects and coordinates a dynamic team of living lab researchers. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. His PhD thesis was entitled Bridging the Gap between Open and User Innovation? Exploring the Value of Living Labs as a Means to Structure User Contribution and Manage Distributed Innovation. U2 - imec Stan De Vocht is the Innovation Manager at imec and was previously the Technology Transfer Manager at iMinds. Stan holds a Master of Law (LL.M.) and a Master of Intellectual Property and has been working in the technology transfer sector since his graduation in 2005. Stan has taken the initiative in the creation of the 101 programme and has helped several projects from technology to business. U3 - imec Sven De Cleyn graduated with a Master in Commercial Engineering and started his professional career at the University of Antwerp, where he conducted research on high-tech spin-offs from European universities. He joined iMinds (merged with imec since October 2016) in 2011 as Technology Transfer Manager. He is in charge of the imec.istart business acceleration program in which he supports new spin-offs and startups. The program is recognized by UBI Global as one of the leading accelerators worldwide. Today, Sven is also a part-time professor in (high-tech) entrepreneurship at the University of Antwerp. U4 - imec Aron-Levi Herregodts is a user specialist at imec.livinglabs and an affiliated researcher at imec-MICT-UGhent. He obtained master’s degrees in Communication Sciences (2013) and Complementary Business Economics (2014). As a user specialist with imec.livinglabs, his role is to translate multi-actor behaviour, needs, and wants to tangible recommendations to provide structure to the innovation process of startups, SMEs, and large organizations. His main interests include open innovation, user innovation, organizational learning, intermediary activities, and user-centric design and methodologies. He has specific interest in the configuration of intermediary learning activities based on the end user with innovation-relevant actors for distinct types of entrepreneurs and innovations. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Smart City Ecosystem as an Innovation Model: Lessons from Montreal JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2016 A1 - Mohamed Reda Khomsi KW - ecosystem KW - innovation KW - Montreal KW - smart cities KW - smart destination KW - stakeholders AB - Innovations are not confined to new technologies designed to improve the manufacturing processes of a product or the provision of a service. In a context of postmodernity, the new innovation paradigm calls on organizations to choose the best innovation strategies for their broader purposes. Today, such strategies usually involve adopting organizational structures that enable better collaboration with the stakeholders of an ecosystem. This article focuses on the smart city of Montreal – selected as the 2016 Intelligent Community of the Year by the Intelligent Community Forum – as a model of innovation. The aim is to understand the distinction between "the smart city" and "the smart destination", despite the omnipresence of tourism projects in smart city development plans. Among the key lessons are the importance of engaging tourism stakeholders and the role of a dedicated organization to develop and implement the city's unique vision. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 6 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/1032 IS - 11 U1 - Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) Mohamed Reda Khomsi is a Professor of Tourism Governance and E-Tourism at the Department of Urban Studies and Tourism in the School of Management at the Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada. His research focuses on smart destinations, online distribution, governance models, and the assessment of the hallmark tourist event. Mohamed is the author of over a dozen articles and book chapters on these topics. He is currently investigating various examples of smart cities and smart destinations in Canada with the aim to highlight the particular features of the Canadian model. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Supporting Research-Inspired Entrepreneurial Activities in India JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2016 A1 - Nikhil A. Gokhale KW - business KW - economy KW - entrepreneurship KW - financial risk KW - research-inspired entrepreneurship AB - Nations built on innovation, entrepreneurship, and production are able to dominate the world economy. However, risk taking has traditionally been discouraged in developing nations. The uncertainty and financial insecurity associated with entrepreneurial activities are the greatest barriers that budding entrepreneurs need to overcome in order to transition into successful entrepreneurs. This challenge needs substantial effort and steady support from society. Easy access to information, mentorship, and a network of venture capitalists and angel investors also play critical roles in promoting entrepreneurial activities. To this end, the Government of India recently launched a nationwide campaign to promote entrepreneurial activities across the country. Some of the recently emerging trends indicate that scientific and technological innovators from India are now willing to be a part of the global entrepreneurial revolution. Research-inspired entrepreneurial initiatives are expected to play a key role in facilitating India’s economic growth in the coming years. This article focuses on the initiatives undertaken by the Indian Government and by various academic institutes to facilitate entrepreneurial activities across the country. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 6 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/986 IS - 5 U1 - RK University Nikhil A. Gokhale is Associate Director of the Faculty of Doctoral Studies & Research at RK University in Rajkot, India. He obtained his Master’s degree from the University of Pune, India, and moved to the United States to pursue his PhD in Chemistry (Biochemistry) at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He then joined the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) as a Visiting Fellow to study the inositol phosphate-/pyrophosphate-based inhibition of proteins involved in cancer and inflammation. After conducting biomedical research at the NIH and at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Dr. Gokhale returned to the University of Illinois at Chicago as a Visiting Research Assistant Professor. His research interests have focused on the field of biochemistry and signal transduction. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scaling Spatial Transformation: Smart Specialization of Urban Capabilities in the Helsinki Region JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2015 A1 - Renita Niemi A1 - Eelis Rytkönen A1 - Robert Eriksson A1 - Suvi Nenonen KW - campus management KW - hybrid spaces KW - mobile work KW - scaling businesses KW - urban development and management AB - Societies are shifting towards more complex structures and agile networks through spatial transformation. That shift affects the ways in which citizens interact with and within their physical and virtual surroundings. The interactions define purposes for the modern hybrid spaces, depending on individual demands in relation to space and time. As facilities per se are becoming less relevant, spatial concepts and service that support, attract, and engage modern individuals must be invented. The capabilities of user-orientated processes are important in terms of connectivity, co-creation, and communication, involvement in change, and control as well as governance. This article explores the potential scaling in diverse spatial transformations and summarizes the lessons learned from managing a campus as a small city to managing a larger-scale urban area. The study uses a case study methodology: the data was collected through interviews and document analysis. The framework of five urban capabilities (5Cs), which were initially introduced by the urbanist John Worthington, guided the content analysis of data. The results indicate that the lessons learned in the diverse urban projects can be scaled from a minor urban-area campus to a large urban area. Users of spaces have a need and will to collaborate, co-create, and impact their environments. This view expands the roles of decision makers and planners to controlling the uses of spaces for supporting grassroot initiatives. Consequently, active citizens engage and contribute, which can be a driving force for co-creation, shared ownership, and attractiveness of small- and large-scale areas. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 5 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/936 IS - 10 U1 - Aalto University Renita Niemi is a design strategist for human-centered change. She is a creative professional who graduated in 2004 from the University of Art and Design Helsinki (TaiK) in Finland. She has major in Industrial and Strategic Design and minor in International Design Business Management (IDBM). Currently, she focuses on her part-time PhD studies at Aalto University. Having several years of academic background working at TaiK and Aalto University, she is experienced at multidisciplinary research, concept development, and design. She has completed a diverse range of design research projects related to housing and living. Her ambition is to form broad initiatives to facilitate further innovation, which involves networking between people with different perspectives, as well as rapid experimentation and creative collaboration. Her passions are greatly connected to planning, design, services, and innovation in context of the urban environment. U2 - Aalto University Eelis Rytkönen is interested in socio-technical phenomena, managerial practices, and spatial design in organizational settings. Currently, he works as a researcher for the BES research group in Aalto University, Finland, where he is finishing his doctorate research on dynamics of campus management in spatial transformation. He holds a BSc in Real Estate Economics and an interdisciplinary MSc degree in International Design Business Management (IDBM). U3 - Robert Eriksson graduated as an architect from Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, Sweden, in 2005. Currently, he works as a senior advisor in a consultancy solving problems related to the built environment. He has extensive experience in city planning, renewable energy, and open data. Robert has also been active in research, having published scientific publications related to, for example, user empowerment and future campus development. U4 - Aalto University Suvi Nenonen has worked as a Research Manager in Aalto University, Finland, since finishing her doctorate in 2005 on work environments that support new knowledge creation. She has published over a hundred scientific publications and acts actively in multiple international facilities management networks such as EuroFM and NewWOW. Suvi also acts as a docent in the Tampere University of Technology, Finland. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Secure by Design: Cybersecurity Extensions to Project Management Maturity Models for Critical Infrastructure Projects JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2015 A1 - Jay Payette A1 - Esther Anegbe A1 - Erika Caceres A1 - Steven Muegge KW - C2M2 KW - capability maturity models KW - CERT RMM KW - critical infrastructures KW - cybersecurity KW - NIST KW - P3M3 KW - PjM3 KW - project management AB - Many systems that comprise our critical infrastructures – including electricity, transportation, healthcare, and financial systems – are designed and deployed as information technology (IT) projects using project management practices. IT projects provide a one-time opportunity to securely "design in" cybersecurity to the IT components of critical infrastructures. The project management maturity models used by organizations today to assess the quality and rigour of IT project management practices do not explicitly consider cybersecurity. This article makes three contributions to address this gap. First, it develops the argument that cybersecurity can and should be a concern of IT project managers and assessed in the same way as other project management capabilities. Second, it examines three widely used cybersecurity maturity models – i) the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) framework for improving critical infrastructure cybersecurity, ii) the United States Department of Energy’s Cybersecurity Capability Maturity Model (C2M2), and iii) the CERT Resilience Management Model (CERT RMM) from the Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute – to identify six cybersecurity themes that are salient to IT project management. Third, it proposes a set of cybersecurity extensions to PjM3, a widely-deployed project management maturity model. The extensions take the form of a five-level cybersecurity capability perspective that augments the seven standard perspectives of the PjM3 by explicitly assessing project management capabilities that impact the six themes where IT project management and cybersecurity intersect. This article will be relevant to IT project managers, the top management teams of organizations that design and deploy IT systems for critical infrastructures, and managers at organizations that provide and maintain critical infrastructures. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 5 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/904 IS - 6 U1 - Carleton University Jay Payette is a graduate student in the Masters of Design program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and is the Managing Principal of Payette Consulting. Jay founded Payette Consulting in 2011 to help clients balance the consistent results of repeatable business processes and analytic decision making, with the fuzzy world of creativity. His research has focused on applying design-thinking principles to business model generation, strategy, and project delivery. Prior to founding Payette Consulting, Jay worked for the Canadian consulting practice of Accenture and as an independent IT Project Manager. U2 - Carleton University Esther Anegbe is a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. She also holds a Bachelor's degree in Computer Engineering from Ladoke Akintola University of Technology in Nigeria. She worked as a Technology Analyst with a leading Investment Management Firm in Lagos, Nigeria (Sankore Global Investments), where she formed part of the technology team that developed, deployed, and provided support for the financial software projects that expanded the market reach of the firm’s stock brokerage and wealth management subsidiaries. She is currently working on a startup (Tech Wits) to provide enterprise solutions and services to startups in their accelerators and incubators. U3 - Carleton University Erika Caceres is a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. She holds a Bachelor's degree in Technology Information Management from The University of Yucatan, Mexico. She previous worked as an innovation consultant at I+D+i Hub, a leading technology transfer office in Merida, Mexico, where she formed part of the management team to produce innovation projects that were submitted for funding to the government to help accelerate the economy in the south of Mexico. She is currently working on Volunteer Safe, an online startup that pre-screens and licenses volunteers and connects them to volunteer opportunities aligned to their profile. U4 - Carleton University Steven Muegge is an Assistant Professor at the Sprott School of Business at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, where he teaches and leads a research program within Carleton’s Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program. His research, teaching, and community service interests include technology entrepreneurship and commercialization, non-traditional settings for innovation and entrepreneurship (business ecosystems, communities, platforms, and interconnected systems that combine these elements), and business models of technology entrepreneurs (especially in non-traditional settings). ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Securing Cyberspace: Towards an Agenda for Research and Practice JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2015 A1 - Renaud Levesque A1 - D’Arcy Walsh A1 - David Whyte KW - Canada KW - challenges KW - countermeasures KW - cyber security KW - cybersafety KW - cybersecurity KW - cyberspace KW - detection KW - Internet of Things KW - leadership KW - mitigation KW - research KW - security AB - In this article, we seek to identify the important challenges preventing security in cyberspace and to identify the key questions that nations should set out to answer to play a leading role in securing cyberspace. An important assertion is that the challenge of securing cyberspace transcends the abilities of any single entity and requires a radical shift in our approach in how: i) research is conducted, ii) cybersecurity researchers are educated, iii) new defendable systems are developed, and iv) effective defensive countermeasures are deployed. Our response draws upon extensive source material and our personal experiences as cybersecurity professionals contributing to the establishment of the VENUS Cybersecurity Corporation, a not-for-profit corporation that aims to make Canada a global leader in cybersecurity. We view the challenge to be global and transdisciplinary in nature and this article to be of relevance world-wide to senior decision makers, policy makers, managers, educators, strategists, futurists, scientists, technologists, and others interested in shaping the online world of the future. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 5 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/943 IS - 11 U1 - Communications Security Establishment Renaud Levesque is the Director General of Core Systems at the Communications Security Establishment (CSE) in Ottawa, Canada, where he is responsible for R&D and systems development. He has significant experience in the delivery of capability and organizational change in highly technical environments. His career began at CSE in 1986 as a Systems Engineer, responsible for the development and deployment of numerous systems, including the CSE IP corporate network in 1991. In 2000 Renaud went to work in the private sector as Head of Speech Technologies at Locus Dialogue, and later at Infospace Inc., where he became Director of Speech Solutions Engineering. He rejoined CSE in 2003, where he assumed the lead role in the IT R&D section. Subsequently, as a Director General, he focused efforts towards the emergence of CSE's Joint Research Office and The Tutte Institute for Mathematics and Computing. Renaud holds a Bachelor of Engineering from l’École Polytechnique, Université de Montréal, Canada. U2 - Communications Security Establishment D’Arcy Walsh is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment (CSE) in Ottawa, Canada. His research interests include software-engineering methods and techniques that support the development and deployment of dynamic systems, including dynamic languages, dynamic configuration, context-aware systems, and autonomic and autonomous systems. He received his BAH from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada, and he received his BCS, his MCS, and his PhD in Computer Science from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. U3 - Communications Security Establishment David Whyte is the Technical Director for the Cyber Defence Branch at the Communications Security Establishment (CSE) in Ottawa, Canada. He is CSE's technical lead responsible for overseeing the implementation of the next-generation cyberthreat-detection services for the Government of Canada. He has held many positions over the last 16 years within CSE that span both the Signals Intelligence and Information Technology Security mission lines. David holds a PhD in Computer Science from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. The main focus of his research is on the development of network-based behavioural analysis techniques for the detection of rapidly propagating malware. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Securing the Car: How Intrusive Manufacturer-Supplier Approaches Can Reduce Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2015 A1 - Mohamed Amin A1 - Zaid Tariq KW - automobile manufacturing KW - car design KW - control KW - cybersecurity KW - glue code KW - governance KW - intrusiveness KW - outsourcing KW - supplier KW - supplier-manufacturer relationships KW - vulnerabilities AB - Today's vehicles depend on numerous complex software systems, some of which have been developed by suppliers and must be integrated using "glue code" so that they may function together. However, this method of integration often introduces cybersecurity vulnerabilities at the interfaces between electronic systems. In this article we address the “glue code problem” by drawing insights from research on supplier-manufacturer outsourcing relationships in the automotive industry. The glue code problem can be framed as a knowledge coordination problem between manufactures and suppliers. Car manufacturers often employ different levels of intrusiveness in the design of car subsystems by their suppliers: the more control over the supplier the manufacturer exerts in the design of the subsystem, the more intrusive the manufacturer is. We argue that high intrusiveness by car manufacturers in defining module interfaces and subcomponents for suppliers would lead to more secure cars. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 5 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/863 IS - 1 U1 - Carleton University Mohamed Amin is an MASc student in the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. His research interests include cybersecurity, API strategy, and industry architecture. He works as a Solution Architect for Alcatel-Lucent Canada, where he designs and delivers network solutions for various internet service providers around the world. U2 - Carleton University Zaid Tariq is completing his MEng in Technology Innovation Management at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He also holds a BEng degree in Computer Engineering from McGill University in Montreal, Canada. He is a Senior Network Engineer at Cisco Systems and has 9 years experience working in the network design, architecture, and test domains. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Setting the Stage for Collaborative Creative Leadership at Cirque du Soleil JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2015 A1 - Laurent Simon KW - Cirque du Soleil KW - collaboration KW - creativity KW - innovation KW - leadership AB - Debates about the nature of leadership for creativity have been ongoing since the 1950s. But, despite the central role leadership plays in the management of creative processes, few contributions highlight the actual practice of leadership for collaborative creative ventures. This interview with the Director of Acrobatics and Coaching at Cirque du Soleil addresses the reflexive experience of a creative leader faced with the challenges of integrating multiple expertises around complex, technological, human, and poly-sensorial creative performances. In this context, leadership for collaborative creativity appears as a constant and dynamic balancing act between people, ideas, deliverables, and the position and personality of the leader. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 5 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/915 IS - 7 U1 - HEC Montréal Laurent Simon is an Associate Professor in the Department of Entrepreneurship and Innovation at the HEC Montréal business school in Montreal, Canada, where he is also the Co-Director of Mosaic, the Creativity & Innovation Hub. His current research focuses on characterizing the management of techno-creative projects and the study of creative environments and practices, the management of creative projects, creative communities, "creative cities", and the determinants of creativity in innovation management. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Supply Chain Cyber-Resilience: Creating an Agenda for Future Research JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2015 A1 - Omera Khan A1 - Daniel A. Sepúlveda Estay KW - cyber-risk KW - cybersecurity KW - resilience KW - supply chain management KW - theoretical foundation AB - Supply chains have become more vulnerable in recent years, and high-profile cyber-attacks that have crippled the supply chains of well-known companies reveal that the point of entry for hackers is often through the weakest link in the chain. Exacerbated by growing complexity and the need to be visible, these supply chains share vital streams of information every minute of the day, thereby becoming an easy and highly lucrative target for talented criminals, causing financial losses as well as damaging brand reputation and value. Companies must therefore invest in supply chain capabilities to withstand cyber-attacks (i.e., cyber-resilience) in order to guard against potential threats. They must also embrace the reality that this often-unknown dimension of risk is the "new normal". Although interest on this topic has grown in the business world, less has been reported by the academic community. One reason for this could be due to the convergence of two different disciplines, information technology and supply chains, where supply chain cyber-risk and cyber-resilience appear to have a natural fit. The topic of cyber-resilience in supply chains is still in early stages of development, and this is one of the first journals to focus a special issue on it. Currently, the closest academic literature is within the realms of supply chain risk and resilience, where numerous models and frameworks exist. In this article, this literature is explored to identify whether these models can incorporate the dimension of cyber-risk and cyber-resilience. In doing so, we create a research agenda for supply chain cyber-resilience and provide recommendations for both academia and practice. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 5 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/885 IS - 4 U1 - Technical University of Denmark Omera Khan is a Full Professor of Operations Management at the Technical University of Denmark. She works with leading organizations on a range of supply chain and logistics issues and is advisor to many universities developing courses in logistics, supply chains, and operations management. She has led and conducted research projects commissioned by government agencies, research councils, and companies in supply chain resilience, responsiveness, sustainability, and the impact of product design on the supply chain. Her latest area of research focuses on cyber-risk and resilience in the supply chain. Omera is an advisor to many organizations and provides specialist consultancy in supply chain risk management. She is a highly acclaimed presenter and is regularly invited as a keynote speaker at global conferences and corporate events. She has published her research in leading journals, contributed to several book chapters, and is lead author of Handbook for Supply Chain Risk Management: Case Studies, Effective Practices and Emerging Trends. She founded and was Chair of the Supply Chain Risk and Resilience Research Club and the Product Design and Supply Chain Special Interest Group. She has also been a visiting professor at a number of leading business schools. U2 - Technical University of Denmark Daniel A. Sepulveda Estay is a PhD researcher at the Technical University of Denmark, where he researches cyber-risk and security in the global supply chain. He has worked in the engineering and supply divisions of a number of multinational companies, both in strategic/leadership and operational roles for over 11 years, having partially led initiatives such as the implementation of lean manufacturing in Coca-Cola Company Latin America and supply rationalization in BHP Billiton´s copper projects division. Daniel has a BSc in Mechanical Engineering from the Federico Santa Maria Technical University in Valparaiso, Chile, an MSc degree in Industrial Engineering from the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile in Santiago, Chile, and an MSc degree in Management from the MIT Sloan School of Management, in Boston, United States. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sustainable Innovation: A Competitive Advantage for Innovation Ecosystems JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2015 A1 - Kaisa Oksanen A1 - Antti Hautamäki KW - innovation KW - innovation ecosystem KW - sustainability KW - sustainable innovation KW - well-being AB - In this article, we elaborate the emerging concept of sustainable innovation and analyze the relevance of innovation as a means to solve wicked problems and enhancing sustainable well-being. We also examine the changing conditions for innovation creation: building global knowledge hubs and local innovation ecosystems. As a result, the drivers of innovation and opportunities to utilize the untapped innovation potential of people outside traditional innovation contexts are expanded and diversified. Ultimately, the success of sustainable innovation constitutes its impact on the well-being of people and vice versa: sustainable well-being is an important source of innovation and growth. The article adds to the conceptual development of sustainable innovation and its motivation, which lies in combining competitiveness, the well-being of people, and inclusive solutions. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 5 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/934 IS - 10 U1 - Prime Minister’s Office, Finland Kaisa Oksanen, PhD, is a Senior Specialist at the Prime Minister’s Office, Finland. Her key expertise is related to foresight, socio-technical change, and innovation ecosystems. Previously, she worked at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, working with foresight and bio-economy transition. Her background is in social and political sciences, and she has done research on systemic innovation, futures studies, science and innovation policy, service innovation, and sustainable well-being. She has also worked as a research coordinator and innovation researcher in the Agora Center at the University of Jyväskylä and in Finland’s Futures Research Centre at the University of Turku. U2 - University of Jyväskylä Antti Hautamäki, PhD, now a Professor Emeritus, was a Research Professor of Service Innovation and the Director of Agora Center at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland. He is also an Adjunct Professor of Philosophy at the University of Helsinki. Antti has published and edited about thirty books and published two hundred articles about philosophy, cognitive science, and innovation. Currently, he works in his firm: Consulting Sustainable Innovation. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Safety in the Online World of the Future JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2014 A1 - Nadeem Douba A1 - Björn Rütten A1 - David Scheidl A1 - Paul Soble A1 - D’Arcy Walsh KW - cybersecurity KW - prospect theory KW - risk-based decision making KW - safety KW - security KW - weak transdisciplinary AB - In this article, we address what it means to be safe in the online world of the future by advocating the perspective whereby improving safety will improve resilience in cyberspace. We adopt a specific approach towards transdisciplinarity; present a weakly transdisciplinary model of the safety context and an initial position about what existing disciplines are most relevant; and link prospect theory to risk-based decision making as one example that could lead to a new paradigm for safety. By treating safety as a transdisciplinary challenge, there is an opportunity to enable the participants of the online world to become more productive and creative than ever before. The beneficiary of this increased productivity and creativity will ultimately be the public. The perspective of this article is of interest to senior decision makers, policy makers, managers, educators, strategists, futurists, scientists, technologists, and others interested in shaping the online world of the future. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 4 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/849 IS - 11 U1 - Red Canari Nadeem Douba is the founding principal of Red Canari, an information security consulting firm that specializes in the areas of information technology and cybersecurity. With over 15 years experience, Nadeem provides consulting and training services for organizations within the public and private sector. He has also presented at some of the world's largest security conferences and is the author of many well-known open source security tools, including one used by the Internet Archive project. His primary research interests include open source intelligence, application and operating system security, and big data. He received his BEng in Systems and Computer Engineering from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. U2 - The Conference Board of Canada Björn Rütten is the Senior Research Associate for National Security and Public Safety with The Conference Board of Canada. Bjorn leads the Conference Board’s research projects in the area of national security and public safety and is responsible for the development and execution of the research plan of the Centre for National Security. He also contributes to other security-related network and research initiatives, such as those of the Centre for the North. U3 - Carleton University David Scheidl is a recent graduate from the Global Politics program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. During his studies, he focused on security intelligence and geopolitics, with special emphasis on Western security agencies in both the cybersecurity and real-world intelligence fields. He has extensive background in military communications, having served in the Army Signals Reserve since 2009. U4 - Communications Security Establishment Paul Soble is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment (CSE) in Ottawa, Canada. Over the past three decades, he has held a variety of positions at CSE in the areas of enterprise architecture, visualization and data mining, speech and text natural language processing, adaptive antenna arrays, and systems development. He received his BSc and MSc degrees in Electrical Engineering from University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, Canada, and he is a licensed professional engineer in the province of Ontario. U5 - Communications Security Establishment D’Arcy Walsh is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment (CSE) in Ottawa, Canada. His research interests include software-engineering methods and techniques that support the development and deployment of dynamic systems, including dynamic languages, dynamic configuration, context-aware systems, and autonomic and autonomous systems. He received his BAH from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada, and he received his BCS, his MCS, and his PhD in Computer Science from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strengthening Innovation Capacity through Different Types of Innovation Cultures JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2014 A1 - Jens-Uwe Meyer KW - corporate creativity KW - innovation management; innovativeness; innovation culture; innovation capacities; organizational creativity AB - In times of increased market dynamics, companies must be capable of initiating and implementing innovation projects that vary greatly in type, speed, and degree of innovation. Many companies do not succeed. This article introduces Innolytics, an innovation management tool that allows companies to successfully face this challenge by analyzing their innovation culture and managing its development in the right direction. Analyzing empirical data from 200 staff members employed by German, Austrian, and Swiss companies using exploratory factor analysis, four types of innovation cultures were identified, each of which foster a different degree of organizational creativity. Proactive innovators (21%) promote organizational creativity at a high level and across all categories. Strategic innovators (26%) foster innovation by focusing on their strategy and their value system. Innovative optimizers (36%) promote more adaptive levels whereas operational innovators (16%) promote low levels of organizational creativity. Each type enables a company or a business unit to manage different degrees of innovation projects. The Innolytics tool introduced and described in this article will enable companies to better meet the challenges of rapidly changing markets. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 4 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/853 IS - 12 U1 - Innolytics GmbH Jens-Uwe Meyer is Managing Director of Innolytics GmbH, a German consulting company that specializes in analyzing the innovation capacities and cultures of companies. He is author of eight books and numerous articles on the subject of innovation, and he is tutor for the Master's of Management and Innovation program at the Steinbeis SMI Berlin. He holds a doctorate degree in Business Sciences from the HHL Leipzig Graduate School of Management, and he holds an MBA from Steinbeis University in Berlin. In his dissertation, he focused on the topic of enhancing innovation capacity within corporations by establishing different cultures of innovation and reducing innovation barriers. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Securing Canada’s Information-Technology Infrastructure: Context, Principles, and Focus Areas of Cybersecurity Research JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2013 A1 - Dan Craigen A1 - D’Arcy Walsh A1 - David Whyte KW - Canada KW - cyberdefence KW - cyberinfrastructure KW - cybersecurity KW - entrepreneurship KW - experimental development program KW - information-technology infrastructure KW - management KW - research AB - This article addresses the challenges of cybersecurity and ultimately the provision of a stable and resilient information-technology infrastructure for Canada and, more broadly, the world. We describe the context of current cybersecurity challenges by synthesizing key source material whose importance was informed by our own real-world experiences. Furthermore, we present a checklist of guiding principles to a unified response, complete with a set of action-oriented research topics that are linked to known operational limitations. The focus areas are used to drive the formulation of a unified and relevant research and experimental development program, thereby moving us towards a stable and resilient cyberinfrastructure. When cybersecurity is viewed as an inherently interdisciplinary problem of societal concern, we expect that fundamentally new research perspectives will emerge in direct response to domain-specific protection requirements for information-technology infrastructure. Purely technical responses to cybersecurity challenges will be inadequate because human factors are an inherent aspect of the problem. This article will interest managers and entrepreneurs. Senior management teams can assess new technical developments and product releases to fortify their current security solutions, while entrepreneurs can harness new opportunities to commercialize novel technology to solve a high-impact cybersecurity problem.. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 3 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/704 IS - 7 U1 - Communications Security Establishment Canada Dan Craigen is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC). Previously, he was President of ORA Canada, a company that focused on High Assurance/Formal Methods and distributed its technology to over 60 countries. His research interests include formal methods, the science of cybersecurity, and technology transfer. He was the chair of two NATO research task groups pertaining to validation, verification, and certification of embedded systems and high-assurance technologies. He received his BScH in Math and his MSc in Math from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. U2 - Communications Security Establishment Canada D’Arcy Walsh is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC). His research interests include software-engineering methods and techniques that support the development and deployment of dynamic systems, including dynamic languages, dynamic configuration, context-aware systems, and autonomic and autonomous systems. He received his BAH from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada, and he received his BCS, his MCS, and his PhD in Computer Science from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. U3 - Communications Security Establishment Canada David Whyte is the Technical Director for the Cyber Defence Branch at the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC). He is CSEC's technical lead responsible for overseeing the implementation of the next-generation cyberthreat-detection services for the Government of Canada. He has held many positions over the last 16 years within CSEC that span both the Signals Intelligence and Information Technology Security mission lines. David holds a PhD in Computer Science from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. The main focus of his research is on the development of network-based behavioural analysis techniques for the detection of rapidly propagating malware. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Security Challenges in Smart-Grid Metering and Control Systems JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2013 A1 - Xinxin Fan A1 - Guang Gong KW - authentication KW - cybersecurity KW - encryption KW - privacy KW - smart grid AB - The smart grid is a next-generation power system that is increasingly attracting the attention of government, industry, and academia. It is an upgraded electricity network that depends on two-way digital communications between supplier and consumer that in turn give support to intelligent metering and monitoring systems. Considering that energy utilities play an increasingly important role in our daily life, smart-grid technology introduces new security challenges that must be addressed. Deploying a smart grid without adequate security might result in serious consequences such as grid instability, utility fraud, and loss of user information and energy-consumption data. Due to the heterogeneous communication architecture of smart grids, it is quite a challenge to design sophisticated and robust security mechanisms that can be easily deployed to protect communications among different layers of the smart grid-infrastructure. In this article, we focus on the communication-security aspect of a smart-grid metering and control system from the perspective of cryptographic techniques, and we discuss different mechanisms to enhance cybersecurity of the emerging smart grid. We aim to provide a comprehensive vulnerability analysis as well as novel insights on the cybersecurity of a smart grid. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 3 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/702 IS - 7 U1 - University of Waterloo Xinxin Fan is a Research Associate in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Waterloo, Canada. He holds a PhD degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Waterloo, as well as a BSc degree in Applied Mathematics and an MEng degree in Information Systems and Telecommunication Engineering from Xidian University, China. His research interests range from fast and secure software and hardware implementations of cryptographic algorithms to the design and the analysis of security protocols for wireless and wireline networks. U2 - University of Waterloo Guang Gong is a Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Waterloo, Canada, and she is the Managing Director of the Centre for Applied Cryptographic Research at University of Waterloo. She holds a BSc degree in Mathematics, an MSc degree in Applied Mathematics, and a PhD degree in Electrical Engineering from universities in China. Dr. Gong has also held a fellowship at the Fondazione Ugo Bordoni, in Rome, Italy, and was Associate Professor at the University of Electrical Science and Technology of China. Her research interests are in the areas of sequence design, cryptography, and communication security. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Seeking Solutions Approach: Solving Challenging Business Problems with Local Open Innovation JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2013 A1 - Christophe Deutsch KW - broadcast of search KW - collaboration KW - crowdsourcing KW - local open innovation KW - Open innovation KW - Seeking Solutions AB - How can small and medium-sized enterprises try open innovation and increase their level of collaboration with local partners? This article describes a possible solution: the Seeking Solutions approach. The Seeking Solutions process consists of four steps: a call for problems, problem selection, problem broadcast, and a collaborative event. This approach has been successfully used for the Quebec Seeks Solutions events in 2010 and 2012 with concrete results and real impacts. By mixing open innovation and collaboration, the Seeking Solutions approach has introduced a new concept: local open innovation. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 3 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/664 IS - 3 U1 - En Mode Solutions Christophe Deutsch is R&D Manager at Telops, an innovative company in the field of high-performance infrared sensors. He is responsible for the successful realization of product development and R&D projects. Previously, he was Vice President Operations at INO, an applied R&D centre in the field of optics, where he implemented project-management and technology-development processes and co-founded the RCR, a circle of R&D managers. Christophe has also worked for ABB Analytical Solutions, where he developed his competencies in system engineering and project management in several aerospace projects. As a member of ISPIM’s advisory board, he promotes innovation management to increase efficiency of R&D. In 2012, he co-founded En Mode Solutions. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Servitization in a Security Business: Changing the Logic of Value Creation JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2013 A1 - Arto Rajala A1 - Mika Westerlund A1 - Mervi Murtonen A1 - Kim Starck KW - co-creation KW - customer value creation KW - objectification KW - products KW - security KW - services KW - servitization KW - value provision AB - How can a firm change its value-creation logic from providing technology to selling technology-based services? This is a question many security companies face today when trying to apply a solutions-based business model in response to recent macro- and microeconomic trends. The fact that customers increasingly demand security as a service, rather than technical equipment, challenges the basis of a security firm's value provision and alters the logic of its operation. In this article, we investigate a technology- and product-oriented security business that is now rapidly transforming into a service business. We use data from a case study to propose a 4C model (conceptualization, calculation, communication, and co-creation of value) that can help security providers to objectify their service offerings and succeed in the servitization of their security businesses. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 3 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/718 IS - 8 U1 - Aalto University Arto Rajala, D.Sc. (Econ.) is a Senior Researcher in the School of Business at Aalto University in Finland. He earned his doctoral degree in Marketing from the Helsinki School of Economics. Arto's current research interests include business networks, business marketing, business-to-business service development, and innovation ecosystems. U2 - Carleton University Mika Westerlund, D. Sc. (Econ.) is an Assistant Professor at Carleton University’s Sprott School of Business in Ottawa, Canada. He previously held positions as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Haas School of Business at the University of California Berkeley and in the School of Economics at Aalto University. Mika earned his doctoral degree in Marketing from the Helsinki School of Economics. His current research interests include open innovation, business strategy, and management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. U3 - VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Mervi Murtonen is a senior scientist at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. Her research interests include risk assessment practices, security management systems and contracted security services. Mervi holds an MSc degree in Electrical Engineering from Tampere University of Technology, Finland. Currently, she is finalizing her doctoral thesis on supplier-perceived customer value in business-to-business security services. U4 - Stanley Security Finland Kim Starck is a Sales and Security Director at Stanley Security Finland. He has strong experience in sales, sales management, as well as security and quality management. Kim has broad understanding of business operations and operations management, and he holds a Professional Master of Security (MBA) degree from Aalto University, Finland. He has been actively involved in process and solution development at Stanley Security. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategic Innovation for Business Performance: The Art and Science of Transformation JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2013 A1 - Harold Schroeder KW - art and science of transformation KW - innovation KW - organizational change KW - strategy KW - transformation AB - Despite the well-documented association between innovation and business performance, many organizations struggle in their attempts to become successful innovators. This article discusses a recommended “art and science of transformation” approach to help companies improve their innovation performance through effective organizational change. The approach is focused on four key factors: culture, collaboration, strategy, and systems. Examples are drawn from a review of previous research to demonstrate successful innovation practice using similar approaches, and examples of less successful practice are included to highlight ways in which an "art and science" approach can help overcome the difficulties often faced. The article concludes with some practical, step-by-step guidance based on the art and science of transformation framework. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 3 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/722 IS - 9 U1 - Schroeder & Schroeder Inc. Harold Schroeder is President of Schroeder & Schroeder Inc., a Toronto-based firm of senior program managers and project managers, management consultants, and corporate managers. By focusing on both the art and science of transformation, the firm assists organizations who are planning and implementing major transformation initiatives and who have had, or currently are experiencing, sub-optimal business results through their strategic or operational transformation projects. Having worked many years in politically challenging and complex environments with demanding timelines and deliverables, Mr. Schroeder is recognized by clients for his superior relationship-management, problem-solving, communication, and negotiation skills. He has led various management consulting practices in large consulting firms and has acted as a consultant and project manager on over 150 consulting engagements for clients throughout North America and Europe. Most recently, Mr. Schroeder has been involved in significant projects in the areas of innovation and entrepreneurship, including projects for both private sector clients and government ministries. He has also published and presented on the topic of innovation and entrepreneurship. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategic Partnerships and Open Innovation in the Biotechnology Industry in Belgium JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2013 A1 - Jean-Pierre Segers KW - Belgium KW - biotechnology KW - business models KW - Open innovation KW - R&D KW - strategic partnerships AB - Strategic partnerships in the biotechnology industry allow new technology-based firms to gain a foothold in this high-cost, high-risk industry. In this article, we examine the impact of strategic partnerships and open innovation on the success of new biotechnology firms in Belgium by developing multiple case studies of firms in regional biotechnology clusters. We find that, despite their small size and relative immaturity, new biotechnology firms are able to adopt innovative business models by providing R&D and services to larger firms and openly cooperating with them through open innovation. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 3 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/676 IS - 4 U1 - PXL University College Jean-Pierre Segers is Dean of the Business School at PXL University College in Hasselt, Belgium (http://www.pxl.be), and he is the Chairman and co-founder of Creative Inc. (http://creativeinc.be). He holds a Master's degree in Applied Economics and Public Affairs and is a former researcher in the Small Business Research Institute at the University of Brussels. His main research interests are small businesses and entrepreneurship; innovation and technology management; national and regional systems of innovation; and public-private partnerships. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sustainability and Governance in Developing Open Source Projects as Processes of In-Becoming JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2013 A1 - Daniel Curto-Millet KW - becoming KW - emergence KW - governance KW - open source KW - Ostrom KW - processes KW - requirements KW - sustainability AB - Sustainability is often thought of as a binary state: an open source project is either sustainable or not. In reality, sustainability is much more complex. What makes this project more sustainable than that one? Why should it be assumed in the first place that sustainability is a prolonged state of an ingraced project? The threads are pulled from their yarns in many directions. This article attempts to reconceptualize some assumed notions of the processes involved in developing open source software. It takes the stance in favour of studying the fluctuant nature of open source and the associated artefacts, not as well-defined objects, but as commons that are continually built upon, evolved, and modified; sometimes in unexpected ways. Further, the governance of these commons is an ongoing process, tightly linked with the way in which these commons are allowed to further develop. This perspective of "in-becoming" is useful in understanding the efforts and processes that need to be provided to sustainably govern the development of open source projects and the advantages for managing requirements derived therein. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 3 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/649 IS - 1 U1 - London School of Economics and Political Science Daniel Curto-Millet is a PhD student at the London School of Economics and Political Science. His research focuses on studying requirements engineering and innovation in open source contexts from new perspectives. He has presented his work at a number of international conferences including the Academy of Management conference and the European Conference of Information Systems Doctoral Consortium. He has a background in Software Engineering from University College London and has worked for the DG DIGIT of the European Commission. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sustainability in Open Source Software Commons: Lessons Learned from an Empirical Study of SourceForge Projects JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2013 A1 - Charles M. Schweik KW - commons KW - institutional analysis KW - internet-based collaboration KW - open source software KW - SourceForge AB - In this article, we summarize a five-year US National Science Foundation funded study designed to investigate the factors that lead some open source projects to ongoing collaborative success while many others become abandoned. Our primary interest was to conduct a study that was closely representative of the population of open source software projects in the world, rather than focus on the more-often studied, high-profile successful cases. After building a large database of projects (n=174,333) and implementing a major survey of open source developers (n=1403), we were able to conduct statistical analyses to investigate over forty theoretically-based testable hypotheses. Our data firmly support what we call the conventional theory of open source software, showing that projects start small, and, in successful cases, grow slightly larger in terms of team size. We describe the “virtuous circle” supporting conventional wisdom of open source collaboration that comes out of this analysis, and we discuss two other interesting findings related to developer motivations and how team members find each other. Each of these findings is related to the sustainability of these projects. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 3 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/645 IS - 1 U1 - University of Massachusetts Amherst Charles M. Schweik (Charlie) is an Associate Professor with a joint appointment shared between the Department of Environmental Conservation (http://eco.umass.edu) and the Center for Public Policy and Administration (www.masspolicy.org) at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He is Associate Director of the National Center for Digital Government (www.ncdg.org) and the founding member of a new “Workshop on the Study of Knowledge Commons” on campus. His research focuses on environmental management and policy, public-sector information technology, and the intersection of those domains. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sustainability of Open Collaborative Communities: Analyzing Recruitment Efficiency JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2013 A1 - Kevin Crowston A1 - Nicolas Jullien A1 - Felipe Ortega KW - DEA modeling KW - efficiency KW - recruitment KW - Wikipedia AB - Extensive research has been conducted over the past years to improve our understanding of sustainability conditions for large-scale collaborative projects, especially from an economic and governance perspective. However, the influence of recruitment and retention of participants in these projects has received comparatively less attention from researchers. Nevertheless, these concerns are significant for practitioners, especially regarding the apparently decreasing ability of the main open online projects to attract and retain new contributors. A possible explanation for this decrease is that those projects have simply reached a mature state of development. Marwell and Oliver (1993) and Oliver, Marwell, and Teixeira (1985) note that, at the initial stage in collective projects, participants are few and efforts are costly; in the diffusion phase, the number of participants grows, as their efforts are rewarding; and in the mature phase, some inefficiency may appear as the number of contributors is greater than required for the work. In this article, we examine this possibility. We use original data from 36 Wikipedias in different languages to compare their efficiency in recruiting participants. We chose Wikipedia because the different language projects are at different states of development, but are quite comparable on the other aspects, providing a test of the impact of development on efficiency. Results confirm that most of the largest Wikipedias seem to be characterized by a reduced return to scale. As a result, we can draw interesting conclusions that can be useful for practitioners, facilitators, and managers of collaborative projects in order to identify key factors potentially influencing the adequate development of their communities over the medium-to-long term. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 3 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/646 IS - 1 U1 - Syracuse University Kevin Crowston is a Distinguished Professor of Information Science at the Syracuse University School of Information Studies (aka the iSchool). He is currently on a temporary rotation as a Program Director for the Human-Centered Computing Program at the US National Science Foundation in the Information and Intelligent Systems Division of the Computer and Information Science and Engineering Directorate. His research examines new ways of organizing made possible by the extensive use of information technology. U2 - Telecom Bretagne Nicolas Jullien is an Associate Professor at the LUSSI Department of Telecom Bretagne (Brest, France). His research interests are on the organization and the attractiveness of open, online communities (Linux, Wikipedia). Most of his papers are available at SSRN. U3 - University Rey Juan Carlos Felipe Ortega is a Researcher in the Department of Statistics and Operations Research at University Rey Juan Carlos in Madrid, Spain. He is also a part-time Associate Professor at University Alfonso X El Sabio, teaching courses in the Information and Communication Technologies Department. His research is focused on open online communities, with emphasis on data retrieval, replicability, and data analysis. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of Supply-Chain Networks: A Source of Innovation and Competitive Advantage for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2012 A1 - Giacomo Liotta KW - competitive advantage KW - innovation KW - simulation KW - small and medium-sized enterprises KW - SME KW - supply-chain network AB - On a daily basis, enterprises of all sizes cope with the turbulence and volatility of market demands, cost variability, and severe pressure from globally distributed competitors. Managing uncertainty about future demand requirements and volumes in supply-chain networks has become a priority. One of the ways to deal with uncertainty is the utilization of simulation techniques and tools, which provide greater predictability of decision-making outcomes. For example, simulation has been widely applied in decision-making processes related to global logistics and production networks at the strategic, tactical, and operational levels, where it is used to predict the impact of decisions before their implementation in complex and uncertain environments. Large enterprises are inclined to use simulation tools whereas small and medium-sized enterprises seem to underestimate its advantages. The objective of this article is to emphasize the relevance of simulation for the design and management of supply-chain networks from the perspective of small and medium-sized firms. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 2 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/625 IS - 11 U1 - University of Southern Denmark Giacomo Liotta is Assistant Professor in the Institute of Technology and Innovation at the University of Southern Denmark. His research interests concern sustainability and innovation in supply-chain networks, including the simulation of networked logistics-production systems as well as product-lifecycle management. He received a PhD in Economics and Management Engineering at the University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy; he also holds MBA, MSc, and BSc degrees in Management and Industrial Engineering from this university. His current teaching activities focus on the design of global supply-chain networks and environmental issues related to their design and implementation. Dr. Liotta is author of more than 20 papers published in international journals, books, and conference proceedings. He has been involved in national and European co-funded research and development projects. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Small-Firm Perspective on the Benefits of Living Labs JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2012 A1 - Veli-Pekka Niitamo A1 - Mika Westerlund A1 - Seppo Leminen KW - energy efficiency KW - Innovation management KW - Living lab KW - managerial challenges KW - Open innovation KW - User-driven AB - Decreasing energy consumption is a global priority and the energy market is in constant change. The search for energy-saving innovations provides an opportunity to initiate a user-centered approach using the living labs model. This article describes how Process Vision, a small-yet-leading Northern European provider of energy IT systems, applied the livings labs approach to develop novel energy-efficiency management solutions. We discuss the company’s participation in the APOLLON consortium, a cross-border living labs initiative on energy efficiency. More specifically, we describe the Finland-based company’s experiences of a pilot project launched in the living lab and report on the perceived managerial challenges of applying the living labs approach from the perspective of a small firm. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 2 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/608 IS - 9 U1 - University of Ulster Veli-Pekka Niitamo, M.Sc. (Eng.&Eco.), M.A (eq. Applied Psychology), is a Visiting Professor in Innovation Management at the University of Ulster. He also holds business position as a senior advisor to Process Vision, and is the Director of the national export cluster Future Learning Finland. Veli-Pekka was the first Chairman of European Living Lab Group 2006-2009 (now known as EnoLL). He has served several global executive roles at the United Nations Secretariat in New York, Jaakko Pöyry Consulting in London, and the Nokia Corporation in Espoo and Amsterdam. In addition, he serves as a research director at Aalto University and was a visiting scientist at Leiden University and teacher at Helsinki University. He also sits on several living labs/innovation centre boards. U2 - Carleton University Mika Westerlund, D. Sc. (Econ.) is an Assistant Professor at Carleton University’s Sprott School of Business in Ottawa, Canada. He previously held positions as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Haas School of Business at the University of California Berkeley and in the School of Economics at Aalto University. Mika earned his doctoral degree in Marketing from the Helsinki School of Economics. His doctoral research focused on software firms’ business models and his current research interests include open innovation, business strategy, and management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. U3 - Laurea University of Applied Sciences and Aalto University Seppo Leminen, D. Sc. (Econ.), Lic. Tech., holds positions as Principal Lecturer at the Laurea University of Applied Sciences and Adjunct Professor in the Aalto University School of Business in Finland. Seppo holds a doctoral degree in Marketing from the Hanken School of Economics and a licentiate degree in Information Technology at the Helsinki University of Technology. His research and consultation interests include value co-creation and capture with users as well as relationships, services, and business models in marketing. He runs various living lab and business model projects relating to ICT. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Social Entrepreneurship: Definition and Boundaries JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2012 A1 - Samer Abu-Saifan KW - social enterprise KW - social entrepreneur KW - social entrepreneurship AB - While individuals may be publicly recognized as social entrepreneurs for their contributions to improve the welfare of communities, the field of social entrepreneurship continues to struggle to gain academic legitimacy. Social entrepreneurship is a term in search of a good definition. The current use of the term seems vague and limitless; it needs boundaries to demarcate its function. The lack of a common definition hinders research and raises questions about which social or profit-making activities fall within the spectrum of social entrepreneurship. To become an important stream in the entrepreneurship literature, social entrepreneurship needs to be properly defined and it requires a theoretical framework that links it to the theory of entrepreneurship. This article builds on the literature to define social entrepreneurship, discusses the boundaries of socially-oriented entrepreneurial activities, and positions the social entrepreneur in the spectrum of entrepreneurship. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 2 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/523 IS - 2 U1 - Carleton University Samer (Sam) Abu-Saifan is the Head of Information Technology for Street Haven at the Crossroads, a not-for-profit organization in Toronto. With over 15 years of experience managing complex technology environments, Sam has held positions in business development, change management, and innovation management. He received a BS in Computer Information Systems from Amman University, Jordan, and a Business Management Certificate from Ryerson University, Toronto. Currently, he is pursuing a Master’s degree in Technology Innovation Management at Carleton University, Ottawa. In 2011, Sam founded Autism Ottawa (Ottism), a social purpose business that will use innovative technologies to deliver educational services to children and families living with autism. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structuring User Involvement in Panel-Based Living Labs JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2012 A1 - Dimitri Schuurman A1 - Lieven De Marez KW - customer characteristics KW - living labs KW - Open innovation KW - user panels KW - user-driven innovation AB - A shift towards open innovation approaches with systematic user involvement has occurred within media and ICT. One of the emerging frameworks structuring these initiatives is the "living lab" approach. Despite the growing evidence of the beneficial nature of customer involvement in product development, research into specific user characteristics for innovation is still scarce, particularly in living labs, with the notable exception of literature on lead users. Especially within the context of living labs for ICT and media innovation, an application of the lead-user framework looks promising as a way to structure and facilitate user involvement. This article is based on the experiences of three Flemish living lab initiatives with a panel-based approach and provides a customer characteristics framework that guides user involvement in living labs. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 2 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/606 IS - 9 U1 - Ghent University Dimitri Schuurman is a PhD Candidate at Ghent University, where he started working for the MICT (Media & ICT) research group at in November 2005 and received a position as a principal living lab researcher for IBBT-iLab.o in the Mediatuin and LeYLab living labs in 2010. Dimitri's research mainly involves methods for ICT innovation. He focuses on the ways the user can be involved within various innovation methods and techniques (lead user methodology, Living Labs, panel studies), and especially which users to use at what stage within the innovation process, rather than simply involving "the user". Furthermore, he devotes special attention to the specific role of media content within the process of adoption and diffusion of ICTs. U2 - Ghent University Lieven De Marez is Research Director at MICT and teaches innovation research and new communication technologies at the department of Communication Sciences in Ghent University. Previously, he worked as a research assistant on methodology and statistics at the Department of Communication Sciences of Ghent University after obtaining his Master’s degree in Communication Sciences (1999) and Marketing (2000). Through his subsequent PhD research, he developed a segmentation-forecasting tool for prior-to-launch prediction of adoption potential and created a blueprint for better introduction strategies for ICT innovations in today’s volatile market environment. Within the interdisciplinary institute for BroadBand Technology (IBBT), of which MICT is one of the 16 research groups, Lieven is also part of the management team of iLab.o, IBBT’s facilitating infrastructure for Living Lab research. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Sales Execution Strategy Guide for Technology Startups JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2011 A1 - Ian Gilbert A1 - Stephen Davies KW - entrepreneurs KW - sales KW - sales execution strategy KW - sales strategy KW - startups AB - The majority of startups fail to consider sales execution as part of their overall strategy. This article demonstrates how a sales execution strategy can help a company take a product or service to market more efficiently and effectively by focusing on the customers that are key to generating revenue. Combined with techniques for recruiting effectively and measuring sales outcomes, a sales execution strategy helps technology startups exceed growth aspirations and potentially reduce or even eliminate the requirement for external investment. In this article, we first describe the focus of assistance currently given to startups and the reasons why sales execution strategies are often overlooked. Next, we outline recommendations for developing, implementing, and supporting a sales execution strategy. Finally, we summarize the key points presented in the article. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 1 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/491 IS - 1 U1 - Third Core Venture Expansion Partners Ian Gilbert is Managing Partner of Third Core Venture Expansion Partners, a company that offers sales assistance, and builds and runs sales teams, for new and growing companies. He has been privileged to lead and contribute to sales operations at some of the world’s dominant technology organizations, including HP, Cable & Wireless, CGI, Telus, Bell Canada, PTC, Tandberg, Nortel, and Avaya. Ian has used his corporate experiences to start and build successful companies in both Europe and Canada, and he has assisted many Canadian entrepreneurs in the creation, development, and eventual sale of their companies. He continues to work personally with entrepreneurs across Canada. U2 - Third Core Venture Expansion Partners Stephen Davies is an associate with Third Core Venture Expansion Partners, where he helps to scale sales for a portfolio of companies by optimizing their operations. Stephen also leads a dual role in both business development and operations management in founder, virtual executive, and consulting roles. Focusing on technology, regulated industries, and the military, Stephen has worked with organizations such as ICAO, DND, Porter Airlines, MITEL, Nortel, NQI, CNSC, CAE, SAIC, and Lockheed Martin, as well as a number of technology startups. Stephen also lectures in entrepreneurship-related subjects at the Sprott School of Business at Carleton University. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shifting an Entrepreneur's World View JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2011 A1 - Michael Ayukawa AB - As an entrepreneur, you continually test your decisions by gaining feedback: from your customers and your investors (or lack thereof). This process of ongoing feedback is how an entrepreneur learns to shape their opportunity to accommodate their new knowledge of the environment. But this activity is very dependent on the "world view framework" of the entrepreneur. What may seem to be important turns out to be noise and important signals are dismissed. This article describes the special value for an entrepreneur of frameworks grounded in theory in general and the value of the framework of business ecosystems from two perspectives: as a member of a business ecosystem and as a creator of a business ecosystem. These two perspectives fundamentally affected the direction of adaption for our product and reshaped how we approached our (ad)venture. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/439 IS - May 2011 U1 - Cornerportal Michael Ayukawa is a Master's student in the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton University and plays an active in several emerging business ecosystem projects, including co-founding Cornerportal Inc., a company that is committed to bring economic opportunity to more individuals in more communities worldwide. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Social Management of Risk JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2011 A1 - David Péloquin A1 - Jean Kunz A1 - Nicola Gaye AB - In this article, we discuss a conceptual framework on the social management of risk and highlight the role of the community sector in that process. We introduce the topic of risk, illustrate how it is distinct from the concept of uncertainty, and show how different social actors assess risk differently. Next, we introduce the "social management of risk" approach, which takes a broad view of the potential actors involved in pursuing societal objectives in relation to risk. Finally, we discuss the role of the community sector is the social management of risk. While this framework is presented in the context of social policy, it can be generalized to any situations where social actors respond to and manage risks in a multi-player environment. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/435 IS - April 2011 U1 - Policy Research Initiative David Péloquin joined the federal public service of Canada in 1981 and has held a variety of positions within the federal Department of Finance (notably in the areas of social policy, financial sector policy and fiscal federalism), the Economic Council of Canada, the Intergovernmental Affairs secretariat of the Privy Council Office and the Policy Research Initiative. He also served an assignment to the Commonwealth Government of Australia, working on fiscal equalization, health care transfers and related issues at both the Commonwealth Grants Commission and Commonwealth Treasury and subsequently served as Special Advisor to the Expert Panel on Equalization and Territorial Formula Financing. U2 - Policy Research Initiative Dr. Jean Lock Kunz is a Director of the Policy Research Initiative (PRI). In her current position, she leads PRI's projects on social innovation, network governance, and on multicultural diversity for 21st century Canada. Her other areas of work include policy research on the development of ethnic villages and migrant integration in China. Prior to joining the Public Service, Jean had worked in the non-government sector as well as in universities. She has written extensively on issues relating to immigration, multiculturalism, race relations, labour force participation, youth, and media. An immigrant to Canada, Jean began her career in policy research at the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, Shanghai, China. U3 - Policy Research Initiative Nicola Gaye is a researcher at the Policy Research Initiative (PRI). She is a graduate of the University of Concordia with an MA in Public Policy and Public Administration. Her specific areas of interest include immigration, diversity, and international affairs. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Software Patents: Current Challenges and Future Solutions JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2011 A1 - Monica Goyal KW - innovation KW - patent system KW - software patents AB - Software patents for years have been used in the software industry to suppress innovation, kill competition, and generate undeserved royalties. This article considers whether software patents maintain the right “bargain between the inventor and the public” where, in exchange for disclosure of the invention to the public, the inventor receives a limited monopoly and the exclusive right to exploit the invention. This article argues that they do not and then explores possible solutions to address the problems identified. Those solutions include streamlining the patent process, making it more difficult to patent software innovations, making it easier to invalidate software patents, and shortening the patent protection from 20 to 10 years. The article closes with a call to action for people to work collectively to effect change in the industry. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 1 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/503 IS - 3 U1 - My Legal Briefcase Monica Goyal is a Toronto-based lawyer and a softwarenology entrepreneur who founded My Legal Briefcase, an online legal service firm focused on small claims court cases. After graduating from her undergraduate degree from the University of Waterloo, where she was a Dean's List Scholar, Monica attended Stanford University, where she earned her Master’s degree in Electrical Engineering. Monica also holds a law degree from the University of Toronto. Monica's volunteer work with organizations such as Griffin Centre, Adventure Place, Downtown Legal Services, and Pro Bono Law Canada has given her insight into the accessibility and affordability of legal needs for the marginalized. She developed My Legal Briefcase to empower individuals going to Small Claims Court. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Software-as-a-Service Offer Differentiation by Business Unit JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2011 A1 - Islam Balbaa AB - This article summarizes the author's recent research into the fit between software-as-a-service (SaaS) tools and the requirements of particular business units. First, an overview of SaaS is provided, including a summary of its benefits to users and software vendors. Next, the approach used to gather and analyze data about the SaaS solutions offered on the Force.com AppExchange is outlined. Finally, the article describes the managerial implications of this research. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/419 IS - February 2011 U1 - Kinaxis Islam Balbaa is a Technical Business Analyst at Kinaxis. He recently completed his Master's thesis on "Software as a Service Offer Differentiation based on Suitability for Particular Business Units" in the Technology Innovation Management Program at Carleton University in Ottawa. He also holds a Communications Engineering degree from Carleton University and has worked as an Application Specialist at Montera Corporation. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Strategic Impact of Corporate Responsibility and Criminal Networks on Value Co-Creation JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2011 A1 - Frederick Ahen A1 - Peter Zettinig AB - This article is motivated by the increasing concern about the ever-declining security of pharmaceutical products due to the abundance of counterfeit network actors. We argue that if networks are effective mechanisms for criminal organizations to infiltrate into any value chain, then networks should also work for responsible businesses in their quests to counter this phenomenon of value destruction, which is ultimately detrimental to the value co-creation process. Thus, this article demonstrates a nuanced understanding of the strategic impact of corporate responsibility of actors in networks on value co-creation. The current discourse on value co-creation in business networks is structured in such a way that it precludes its inherent corporate responsibility component even though they are not mutually exclusive. Moreover, research on value co-creation aimed at the proactive and responsible defence of a network substance via value co-protection has been mostly scant. We propose a model of value-optimization through value co-protection and ethical responsibility. This way of theorizing has several implications for both policy making and managerial decision making in the pharmaceutical industry and beyond. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/427 IS - March 2011 U1 - Turku School of Economics Frederick Ahen is a doctoral researcher at the Turku School of Economics, Turku, Finland. He holds a M.Sc. degree in International Business from the London South Bank University, London, UK and a B.Sc. in Economics and International Business from the Università Politecnica delle Marche Ancona, Italy. Frederick is interested in advancing theoretical and empirical analysis into the following substantive domains: international strategies of MNCs in the science and innovation industries, especially pharmaceutical companies operating in developing economies, corporate responsibility, value co-creation, comparative institutional analysis, and criminal organizational networks. U2 - Turku School of Economics Peter Zettinig received his PhD in International Business from Turku School of Economics, 2003. Before joining Turku School of Economics as Assistant Professor in 2008, Peter held the position of Senior Lecturer at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. His research interests relate to international business strategy - among others. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The State of Free Software in Mobile Devices JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2010 A1 - Bradley M. Kuhn AB - I started using GNU/Linux and Free Software in 1992. In those days, while everything I needed for a working computer was generally available in software freedom, there were many components and applications that simply did not exist. For highly technical users who did not need many peripherals, the Free Software community had reached a state of complete software freedom. Yet, in 1992, everyone agreed there was still so much work to be done. Even today, we still strive for a desktop and server operating system, with all relevant applications, that grants complete software freedom. Looked at broadly, mobile telephone systems are not all that different from those 1992-era GNU/Linux systems. The basics are currently available as Free, Libre, and Open Source Software (F/LOSS). If you need only the bare minimum of functionality, you can, by picking the right phone hardware, run an almost completely F/LOSS operating system and application set. Yet, we have so far to go. This article discusses the current penetration of F/LOSS in mobile devices and offers a path forward for free software advocates. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/336 IS - March 2010 U1 - Software Freedom Law Center Bradley M. Kuhn is the Policy Analyst and Technology Director at the Software Freedom Law Center. He worked during the 1990s as a system administrator and software development consultant for Westinghouse, Lucent Technologies, and numerous small companies. In January 2000, he was hired by the Free Software Foundation (FSF). From 2001 until 2005, he served as FSF's Executive Director, where he led FSF's GPL enforcement efforts, launched the Associate Member program, and authored the Affero GPL. In 2005, he left FSF to join the founding team of SFLC. Kuhn holds a summa cum laude B.S. in Computer Science from Loyola College in Maryland, and an M.S. in Computer Science from the University of Cincinnati. His Master's thesis discussed methods for dynamic interoperability of Free Software languages. He is also a director and president of the Software Freedom Conservancy, and a member of the autonomo.us committee, which studies issues of software freedom as they relate to software as a service. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for Selling Services JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2010 A1 - Patrick O'Halloran AB - With the service economy on the ascension, companies are yearning for mechanisms to connect their service solutions to their customer's problems, and have the customer acknowledge that their solution is the best. In order to meet these requirements, the foundations of the model used to deploy such solutions need to be concrete. The solution must capture the fundamental nature of the target markets and embody all of the customers' expectations. This article reviews literature that will inform the development of these models and identifies relevant strategies to enable growth options around service-based solutions. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/388 IS - October 2010 U1 - Xilinx Inc. Patrick O'Halloran is a graduate of the Computer Engineering Program from the University of Limerick in Ireland and has just completed the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton University. He is a Staff Design Engineer with Xilinx Inc., within the Xilinx Design Services group, and has been working on varied consultancy projects in this role for the past 10 years. These projects have centered around Xilinx's FPGA technologies and their application to many industry verticals. He has varied interests which range from consultancy services, technology innovation, real-time systems and IPR in the technology domain. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - So Are You A Contributor?: Women's Contributions to Linux and Open Source Span Technology and Business JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2009 A1 - Amanda McPherson AB - While there are over 60 names on the list of women in open source on the Geek Feminism wiki, there are far more than 60 women making their mark in open source. I work with talented people every day in my role as Vice President of Marketing and Developer Programs at the Linux Foundation, and see first-hand the contributions women make at the technology and business levels. This article presents some of the techniques used by the Linux Foundation to encourage a culture of inclusion and to foster a wide variety of open source contributions. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/264 IS - June 2009 U1 - Linux Foundation Amanda McPherson is a founding management team member of the Linux Foundation and current Vice President, Marketing and Developer Programs. She is responsible for content, web strategy, events, public relations and developer programs, including the Linux Developer Network. Highlights of her work with the Linux Foundation include: defining the initial brand and positioning of the organization, creating the Linux Foundation Collaboration Summit, and authorizing multiple content pieces, including the "Who Writes the Linux Kernel" whitepaper. She has been involved in open source for the past eight years. Amanda was director of marketing for the Free Standards Group, the certification and standardization authority for Linux. Prior to that, she was Director of Marketing for Covalent Technologies, the leading provider of Apache Web server software. Previously, she served at two of the industry's largest public relations and marketing agencies -- Cunningham Communication and Burson-Marsteller -- where her work was recognized by an industry award from the Public Relations Society of America. She was a core member of the marketing team responsible for the launch of the Java programming language in 1995. A published fiction author, Amanda graduated magna cum laude with a B.A. in English from the University of California at Berkeley, where she was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. She also holds an MFA in Creative Writing from the University of Arizona. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - So You Wanna be a Linus Torvalds? The Do's and Don'ts of Running a Small Open Source Project JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2009 A1 - Alain Désilets AB - In this paper, we present a series of lessons learned on how to effectively run a small open source community. These lessons are based on my own experience as the leader of VoiceCode, a project that aims at developing an integrated programming-by-voice toolbox. It provides tools that allow programmers with Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) to write computer code by talking to their machine instead of typing. The VoiceCode project started in 1999 by the National Research Council of Canada, and was first officially released in 2003. The system is now at a point where it can be used by programmers to do real work, and there have been over 9,100 downloads so far. The project has also attracted the attention of the media. In the process of leading this project, we have learned many important lessons; too many to discuss exhaustively here. We will however share three that seem particularly important. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/223 IS - January 2009 U1 - NRC Alain Désilets is a Research Officer at the National Research Council of Canada. For the past 15 years, he has been involved in the rapid development of prototype software that uses bleeding edge Human Language Technology (ex: Speech Recognition, Machine Translation, Natural Language Understanding). For the past five years, his work has focused on Computer Assisted Translation tools. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Social Actions: Making the Web More Philanthropic JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2009 A1 - Peter Deitz A1 - Christine Egger AB - Social Actions makes it easier for people to turn their good intentions into meaningful action. The organization has created an open source database of actions people can take on any issue. The actions in the database come from across the social web and include everything from volunteer opportunities to micro credit loans. It currently aggregates opportunities to make a difference from 50+ action sources, including: CanadaHelps, Kiva, Idealist, GlobalGiving, GiveIndia, and Greater Good South Africa. Using the Social Actions application programming interface, we encourage third party developers to build web and mobile applications that intelligently distribute actions from our database on the websites, social networks, and mobile phones that millions of people use every day. This article describes how Social Actions applies open source principles to the organization's products and processes. In its entirety, Social Actions is intentionally designed to contribute to the ongoing and vibrant conversations about open source practices and principles. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/269 IS - July 2009 U1 - Social Actions Peter Deitz is a blogger, social media consultant, and the founder of Social Actions. He is a guest blogger on Social Edge, the Stanford Social Innovation Review, and PopTech. Peter has spoken at several 2009 venues including the Nonprofit Technology Conference, the NetSquared Conference, Connecting Up Australia, Semantic Technology Conference, and My Charity Connects. Peter holds a BA in History from McGill University and an MA in History from the University of Toronto. He lives in Montreal, Quebec. U2 - Social Actions Christine Egger is a founding team member of Social Actions. She holds a master's in International Development from Michigan State University and brings 15 years' experience in for- and non-profit project management, fund development, networking and collaboration, and strategic planning to the Social Actions team. Her work focuses on the intersection of international development, philanthropy, and the complexity sciences. She lives in southeast Michigan. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Social Media and Open Source: Worlds Apart? JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2009 A1 - Aaran Duncan A1 - Glenn McKnight AB - Social Media, also known as Web 3.0, is not your granddaddy's Internet. How it is used is in a constant state of change. The rising tide of expectations, together with innovation, are pushing various platforms, especially in mobile technology. Mobile has become a compelling format to interface with the Internet, bringing a new spin to the phrase "One Laptop Left Behind". We believe that the degree to which open source communities embrace mobile and Social Media technologies dictates their relevance to the general public. We also believe that open source and Social Media communities can learn and benefit from each other. This article explores the increasingly intersecting worlds of Social Media, mobile, and open source. We describe how Social Media has the potential to change the way communities use and create open source tools to better align with end-user expectations. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/297 IS - October 2009 U1 - Digital Deceptions Aaran Duncan is owner of Digital Deceptions. He is a graphic and web designer as well as an award winning WordPress theme designer at WordCamp Toronto 2009. U2 - Global Catalysts Glenn McKnight is owner of Global Catalysts Consulting Service. He is a consultant to non-profits, providing Social Media and Open Source Solutions. Glenn is former Director of the Linux Professional Institute which focuses on global Linux professional certifications. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Social Vision for Value Co-creation in Design JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2009 A1 - Liz Sanders A1 - George Simons AB - The Cluetrain Manifesto was introduced in 1999, calling for a powerful global conversation between companies and the people they serve. Since then, the conversation has started and is finally gaining momentum. Co-creation is the buzzword of the day to describe the various types of conversations that are taking place. But the conversation has multiple perspectives. It can be applied to multiple domains ranging from sales tactics and branding contests to strategic, human-centered means of affecting social transformation. In this article we try to articulate a vision for value co-creation by focusing on its social aspects. It is our hope that such social vision will contribute to existing perspectives so that future conversations can take place in a more productive way. The suggested framework organizes the seemingly disparate applications, comparing the mindset, goals and results of three types of value co-creation: monetary, use/experience and social. Although these three types of value co-creation are all relevant, we believe that the social type of value provides a real opportunity for significant social change. However, the rules of engagement for this type of co-creation are particularly challenging. Participation must be face-to-face to allow for real-time interaction to take place. Empathy for the people who will be affected by change is key. Visualization of the collective assets is essential. And having the appropriate mindset about co-creation is the single most important component for success. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/310 IS - December 2009 U1 - MakeTools Liz Sanders is the President of MakeTools, a company that explores new spaces in the emerging design research landscape. She is a visionary in participatory design practices, having introduced many of the tools, techniques and methods being used today to drive and/or inspire design from a human-centered perspective. Liz has practiced across all the design disciplines. Her current focus is on bringing co-creation and human-centered design thinking to the planning and architectural design process. Liz offers learning experiences in co-creation and innovation for clients, colleagues and students around the world. She has a Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology and a B.A. in both Psychology and in Anthropology. U2 - NBBJ George Simons has a long and diverse career spanning the arenas of environmental and industrial design, applied design research and innovation strategies. At the core of his work is the ongoing passion for integrating different design and research disciplines with complex design problems and the needs of business. During his career he has held positions as the Director of the Advanced Concepts Research and Design Group at Steelcase, started and managed his own design and strategy consultancy, fahrenheit, and after that was a managing partner and location lead at IDEO. George's work has been widely published, exhibited in museums, and received numerous awards. He is listed on over 40 patents. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Special Considerations for Business Intelligence Projects JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2009 A1 - David Currie AB - A business intelligence (BI) project has to be managed with as much discipline as any other information technology (IT) project in order to be successful. There are a few items that need special consideration given the nature of BI solutions, regardless of the specific methodology or technology involved. This article will discuss how to extract maximum value from an investment in BI software. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/285 IS - September 2009 U1 - Clearview Informatics David Currie is the founder of Clearview Informatics, a software startup focused on BI solutions and analytics for customer data. He has worked as an independent BI consultant, providing technical and project management advice to both private sector and government organizations. Previously, he was employed by IBM Cognos, advising strategic customers and troubleshooting enterprise BI implementations gone bad. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Steady March of the European Penguins JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2009 A1 - Gijs Hillenius AB - Open source licenses allow public administrations to change, share and re-use their applications freely. Open standards allow for connectivity and interoperability between the applications. For a wider use of open source software by public administrations, it is equally important to require the use of open standards in the public sector. Open source projects can face difficulties when using proprietary standards, especially if these latter require usage royalties. The member states of the European Union made steady progress in 2008 in developing information technology policies on open source and open standards. Spain and France have taken the lead, yet in all EU member states examples of administrations using open source software can be found. Europe's competition commissioner Neelie Kroes warned the EU's institutions to follow suit and use open standards: "I know a smart business decision when I see one". This article provides an overview of the advancements and some of the setbacks of the implementation of open source and open standards by public administrations in the 27 member states of the European Union in 2008. It is mostly based on the news items the author wrote for the European Union's Open Source Observatory and Repository. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/249 IS - May 2009 U1 - OSOR Gijs Hillenius is is a free lance IT journalist and the news editor of OSOR.eu. He has a major in Physical Geography from the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and a graduate degree in Journalism from the Erasmus University in Rotterdam. He can sometimes be found at computer science classes at the Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam, but if this will ever lead to a Bsc. remains to be seen. His office runs on Debian GNU/Linux. Most of Hillenius's work is done using GNU/Emacs. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Security Hardening of Open Source Software JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2008 A1 - Robert Charpentier A1 - Mourad Debbabi AB - In today's computing world, security takes an increasingly predominant role. The industry is facing challenges in public confidence at the discovery of vulnerabilities and customers are expecting security to be delivered out of the box, even on programs that were not designed with security in mind. Software maintainers must face the challenge to improve the security of their programs and are often under-equipped to do so. Some are taking advantage of open source software (OSS) for their production systems as the availability of the source code facilitates their validation and answers their need for trustworthy programs. OSS are often implemented using the C programming language (26% according to SourceForge.net), making it is necessary to investigate the security issues related to C. This paper summarizes key concepts related to security hardening, and demonstrates its applicability on the C language. We also propose a progressive approach to integrate security services and protection measures into existing software to ultimately make it more resistant against cyber-attacks. Given our ever increasing dependability on information technologies, it becomes critically important to provide tools to maintainers that will facilitate and accelerate the security hardening process, increasing the effectiveness of the effort and lowering the resources required to do so. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/157 IS - June 2008 U1 - Defence Research Establishment Robert Charpentier completed his degree in engineering physics at l'Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal in 1979. After working at CAE Electronics on flight simulators, he joined Defence Research Establishment Valcartier, where he specialized in infrared imagery and space-based surveillance. His current research domain is software security design and attack resistance of information systems operated in hostile environment. He has been deeply involved in F/LOSS studies since 2003. U2 - Concordia University Mourad Debbabi is full professor and acting director at the Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering. He is Concordia University Research Chair Tier I and Specification Lead for four Java Specification Standards. He received his Ph.D. in Computer Science from Paris XI Orsay University and worked as senior scientist for PINTL Laboratory and General Electric Corporate Research before joining Concordia University in Montreal. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sharing Information on the Semantic Web: The Reminiscence of an Old Legal Issue JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2008 A1 - Pierre-Paul Lemyre AB - The success story of open source software (OSS) makes us see very clearly that in a networked world, centralized production of information is not the only viable model. It is now largely understood that distributed production can often equal and surpass it, both in quality and quantity. This has led people in all disciplines to rethink their relationship with information, giving birth to a plethora of initiatives generating value by promoting the mass collaboration of individuals over shared sets of information. Based on rich Internet applications, wikis, social tagging or social networking technologies, these initiatives gave birth to a revolution that has been dubbed Web 2.0. Whether they originate in non-profit or business ventures, they all add up to the ever increasing mass of accessible and reusable information. For current information hubs that have been developed through independent channels, it is anticipated that the next step in the evolution of the web will make seamless integration possible. This development should create tremendous opportunities for those capable of building innovative services and knowledge products on top of this shared knowledge base. In fact, along with the technological foundations of this web of ideas, practical commercial implementations are already starting to appear. However, these early experiments highlight the fact that the most important challenge to overcome might not reside in the technology itself. Instead, the management of rights may, more than anything else, hinder the efficient aggregation of distributed information. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/165 IS - July 2008 U1 - Universite de Montreal Pierre-Paul Lemyre is one of the leading researchers of LexUM, the legal information technologies laboratory of the Law Faculty at the Université de Montréal. He is highly interested in the improvement of access to legal information, the challenges that lasting development poses, as well as in the legal issues related to free and open source software. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Social Innovation: Access and Leadership JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2008 A1 - Roseann O'Reilly Runte AB - We live in an age where the rapid pace of technological innovation and the ability to disseminate knowledge far exceed our capacity to ensure that all members of society receive their benefits. The challenges in providing access to technology have been largely solved in this globally connected world. How to best use that technology to increase social value and alleviate lack of education, poverty, and other societal problems is an ongoing question with no easy answers. This article explores the challenges for social innovation and the use of information technology. These challenges are: i) access to technology; ii) access to learning; iii) the use of technology in teaching and research; and iv) the establishment of a framework of knowledge. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/186 IS - September 2008 U1 - Carleton University Dr. Roseann O'Reilly Runte is President and Vice-Chancellor of Carleton University. She is the author of numerous scholarly works in the fields of French and comparative literature. She has written extensively on economic and cultural development, higher education and the importance of research. In addition, she is a creative writer and has received a prize in poetry from the Academie francaise. Dr. Runte has been awarded the Order of Canada and the French Order of Merit and is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Social Innovation in Sub-Saharan Africa JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2008 A1 - Steven Muegge A1 - Chukwuemeka Afigbo AB - SW Global is an African-based application service provider of information technology infrastructure and software. This article describes how SW Global, a for-profit private sector company, creates high-impact value at universities and governments in developing countries through an innovative business model anchored around service subscriptions, open source software, and open content. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/213 IS - December 2008 U1 - Carleton University Steven Muegge is a faculty member of the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering at Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada. Professor Muegge teaches within the Technology Innovation Management program. His current research interests include open source software, open innovation, and open source ecosystems. U2 - SW Global Chukwuemeka Afigbo is Technology Manager of College Solutions at SW Global. He joined SW Global in 2002 in its first month of operations as a software developer (employee number 9), and has played an active role in more than fifty service deployments at universities in Africa and Asia. He is a recent graduate of the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton University in Ottawa Canada. His research examined the adoption of open standards within open source Learning Management Systems. His other research interests include open source software, open innovation and how tertiary institutions use ICT to enhance their core processes. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Software Accessibility: Where Are We Today? JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2008 A1 - Marco Zehe AB - While it seems intuitive that applications, especially open source ones, should allow all to use and enjoy them, many developers are unaware of the need for accessible applications. Providing accessibility in information technology is not difficult, but it does require a basic understanding of different types of disabilities, commonly used assistive technologies, and the special accessibility features built into languages and standards. Most of all, accessibility requires a conscious effort and a desire to include everyone. The accessibility of computer software has seen drastic improvements over the past two decades. This article reviews this progress, examining the technologies developed and offering guidelines for developers to create accessible applications. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/166 IS - July 2008 U1 - Mozilla Marco Zehe works as quality assurance engineer for accessibility at Mozilla Corporation. His responsibility is the accessibility of the Firefox web browser and Mozilla platform. His responsibilities include making sure that all web and user interface content is properly exposed to assistive technologies on all supported platforms, helping to test new enhancements such as IAccessible2, and to drive adoption of standards forward within and around Mozilla. Before joining Mozilla, Marco worked as a second-level support and localization manager at Freedom Scientific and has been in the assistive technology industry since 1996. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Software Licensing JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2007 A1 - G.R. Gangadharan AB - G.R. Gangadharan discusses the many dimensions of software. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/97 IS - July 2007 U1 - Novay G.R. Gangadharan is a doctorate student in University of Trento, Trento, Italy. His research interests include Service Oriented Computing, Intellectual Property Rights, Free/Open Source Software Systems, Software Engineering, and Business Models of Software and Services. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Special Considerations for Financial Services Firms JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2007 A1 - Sourcelabs AB - Infrastructure Open Source Software (OSS), including middleware, database packages, and the Linux operating system, is increasingly being deployed by financial institutions. Many OSS packages are selected and incorporated directly into custom applications by developers, thus bypassing traditional purchasing channels and their attendant legal, standards, and technical review processes. Because of this, Information Technology (IT) management is often unaware of the OSS running in their data centers, and sometimes support and maintenance measures are not in place for OSS running in production applications. With the advent of regulatory structures such as the Basel II accords, the reliability of computing systems is increasingly subject to regulatory scrutiny. Not having adequate support and maintenance measures in place creates a significant compliance risk for financial institutions. This article describes these risks and outlines best practices for an anti-failure program that brings systems depending on OSS packages into compliance while reducing overall operational risk. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/55 IS - November 2007 U1 - ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Supporting Not-for-Profits: an Opportunity for the Commons JF - Open Source Business Resource Y1 - 2007 A1 - Jason Côté A1 - Julian Egelstaff AB - In 2004, the Nonprofit Open Source Initiative (NOSI) released "Choosing and Using Free and Open Source Software: A Primer for Nonprofits". The primer describes the potential impact that Free/Libre and Open Source Software (F/LOSS) might have on the not-for-profit (NFP) sector. In a recently released update, the primer concludes that, despite many advances in the use of F/LOSS in the sector over the past several years, a real and perceived lack of support remains a significant barrier to the increased adoption of F/LOSS by NFPs. Support is often the last thing people think of when they think of F/LOSS and NFPs. Instead, people tend to focus on the price, which is of particular importance to cash-strapped NFPs. There is a widely held belief that free software represents a cost savings to NFPs. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa UR - http://timreview.ca/article/56 IS - November 2007 U1 - Freeform Solutions Jason Cote is the President and CEO of Freeform Solutions. He has held senior positions at CANARIE, as well as chief executive positions at Actua, and CanadaHelps, all three of them leading national not-for-profits that excel in the use of information technology. Today, Jason oversees all operations at Freeform, and works with clients and staff to build the IT capacity of the not-for-profit sector. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Computer Systems Engineering and an Executive MBA in Leadership. U2 - Freeform Solutions Julian Egelstaff is the Senior Director of Consulting Services. Prior to co-founding Freeform Solutions, Julian held a variety of positions in project management, documentation, and internal tool development at Corel and later Cognos. Today, Julian oversees all consulting projects, manages client relationships and coordinates Freeform's open source development efforts. Julian has 8 years experience in PHP development, and is a ZCE. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Journalism and Philosophy, and has completed some graduate studies in Cognitive Science. ER -