%0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2021 %T A Cross-Pollination of Ideas about Distributed Ledger Technological Innovation through a Multidisciplinary and Multisectoral lens: Insights from the Blockchain Technology Symposium ’21 %A Victoria L. Lemieux %A Atefeh Mashatan %A Rei Safavi-Naini %A Jeremy Clark %K blockchain %K decentralization %K decentralized finance %K decentralized health %K decentralized identity %K decentralized supply chains %K distributed ledgers %K innovation %K technology adoption %K technology management %X Blockchain Technology Symposium 2021 (BTS'21) is a forum where academic researchers, industry professionals, and decision makers came together to present recent advancements, discuss adoption barriers, tackle common challenges, and explore future roadmaps surrounding blockchain and its related technologies such as consensus algorithms, smart contracts, cryptocurrencies, and distributed ledger technologies generally. As a follow-up to BTS'18 and BTS'20, which were hosted by Ryerson University and The Fields Institute, and by popular demand, BTS 2021 gathered a diverse audience from academia, industry, and policy makers to engage in a dialogue around crucial topics in the adoption of blockchain technology, with the aim of cross-fertilizing ideas from these communities to address the challenges and seize the opportunities brought forward by this promising technology. BTS'21 featured multidisciplinary and multi-sectoral talks and presentations on four major themes: (1) decentralized finance (DeFi), (2) decentralized identity, (3) decentralized health and (4) decentralized supply chain management. This article provides reflections on some of the key insights found in the BTS’21 presentations. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 11 %P 58-66 %8 06/2021 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1445 %N 6 %1 University of British Columbia Dr. Victoria Lemieux is an Associate Professor of Archival Science at the University of British Columbia’s School of Information and Founder and Co-Lead of Blockchain@UBC, a multidisciplinary blockchain research and education cluster at UBC. %2 Ryerson University Dr. Atefeh (Atty) Mashatan is an Associate Professor of Professor of Information Technology Management and the founder and director of the Cybersecurity Research Lab (CRL) at Ryerson University. She holds the Canada Research Chair (Tier II) in Quality of Security Framework for Internet-of-Things (IoT). %3 University of Calgary Dr. Rei Safavi-Naini is the NSERC/Telus Industrial Research Chair and Alberta Innovates Strategic Chair in Information Security. She is a co-founder of the Institute for Security, Privacy and Information Assurance at the University of Calgary and served as its Director until January 2019. Her research interests are cryptography and information security. %4 Concordia University Dr. Jeremy Clark is an Associate Professor at the Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, where he holds the NSERC/Raymond Chabot Grant Thornton/Catallaxy Industrial Research Chair in Blockchain Technologies. %& 58 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1445 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2021 %T Rural Living Labs: Inclusive Digital Transformation in the Countryside %A Abdolrasoul Habibipour %A Johanna Lindberg %A Mari Runardotter %A Yomn Elmistikawy %A Anna Ståhlbröst %A Diana Chronéer %K Components %K digital transformation %K Living lab %K Rural living lab %K Rural residents %K user engagement %X Digital transformation (DT) has received increasing attention in recent years. Up until now, most of the current studies focus on digital transformation in advanced and dense societies, especially urban areas and technologies. Hence, the phenomenon of DT is under-researched in the context of rural and sparsely populated contexts. This study aims at exploring how a rural living lab (RLL) can be shaped and how this approach can be designed to support digital transformation processes in rural contexts. In so doing, following a design science research methodology (DSRM) approach, we have made an artefact (that is, RLL framework) that is an "instantiation" that supports user centric digitalization of rural areas. The designed framework is developed based on the key components of "traditional" and "urban" living labs, as well as empirical data which was collected within the context of the DigiBy project. The DigiBy project aims at conducting DT pilots in rural areas to elevate peoples' understanding of digitalization and the application of digitalization opportunities for service development in rural areas in the north of Sweden. As a result of these studies, five key components that guide the design of digital transformation pilots in rural areas emerged, namely: 1) rural context, 2) digitalization, 3) governance, control, and business mode, 4) methods facilitating DT processes, and 5) quintuple helix actors. We also offer an empirically derived definition of the rural living lab concept, followed by avenues for future research. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 11 %P 59-72 %8 12/2021 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1465 %N 9/10 %1 Luleå University of Technology Abdolrasoul (Rasoul) Habibipour (Ph.D.) is a postdoctoral researcher in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden and is Managing director of Botnia Living Lab, Sweden. His research focuses on participatory design and user engagement in information systems development processes, with a particular emphasis on users’ motivations and needs. Abdolrasoul has previously worked in information technology (IT) projects for more than 13 years as a project leader and project manager as well as software designer, developer and programmer. He has been involved in teaching and supervising students at the bachelor, master and PhD levels and has published several journal and conference articles in his research topic. He also serves as guest editor, track chair, and reviewer in different international conferences and scientific journals within the information systems field. %2 Luleå University of Technology Johanna Lindberg is a project manager and PhD candidate at Luleå university of technology who has more than 20 years of experience working with regional and local development in different subject areas. She has participated in the development of political goal management both from a researcher's perspective and from an official’s perspective. In short, she has worked to achieve the national political goals in several policy areas: environmental, gender equality, broadband, digitalization, culture, leisure, attractive sustainable growth, commercial service, payment service, and public health policy goals. %3 Luleå University of Technology Associate Prof. Mari Runardotter holds a PhD in Social Informatics from Luleå University of Technology. Her research focuses on social, societal and organizational effects of IT, primarily in the areas of digitalisation/digital transformation and service innovation. She use theories and methods for user engagement and involvement, that emphasize social, societal, cultural, organizational and gender aspects in the interaction between humans and information systems. %4 Luleå University of Technology Yomn Elmistikawy is a PHD candidate at Luleå university of technology. Her research focuses on the complexity of stakeholder involvement in the digital innovation process. She explores the roles stakeholders adopt, as well as, the interconnectedness and conflicts within these roles. She has participated in 5G related research projects focusing on the end user needs. She has experience in design science research and its use in designing solutions for information sharing during industrial crisis. %# Luleå University of Technology Anna Ståhlbröst is a chair professor in Information systems at Luleå University of Technology. Her research is focused on user engagement in innovation processes, with special interest in service innovation designed to create an added value for its users. Annas research is related to different application areas such as IT-use in everyday contexts, Smart Cities and Internet of Things. Anna has participated in numerous European and national innovation and research projects and she has been published in several scientific journals as well as in books and at conferences. %$ Luleå University of Technology Diana Chronéer is an Associate Professor in the Information Systems department at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden. Her main research interests are in the area of digital service innovation, business model development, information logistics, and project management. Her latest research project has been around designing for business value in collaboration platform development. %& 59 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1465 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2020 %T Correlation between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Implementation of AI in Human Resources Management %A Rico Baldegger %A Maurizio Caon %A Kreshnik Sadiku %K artificial intelligence %K entrepreneurial orientation %K Human Resource Management %X This paper develops the concept of adopting artificial intelligence (AI) in human resources management (HRM) through a research questionnaire and reports the results of a study designed to investigate the perception of adopting and introducing AI in HRM processes. In addition, it investigates the correlation between entrepreneurship orientation (EO) and AI in HRM processes. A survey was conducted with a sample of 310 firm members in the HR Section Romande, as well as a literature review on the adoption of new technologies. The results indicate a perceived positive value of introducing AI in HRM and a correlation between the level of a company's EO and the introduction of AI in HRM. This means that the more a company is entrepreneurially oriented, the more it tends to implement or include already implemented AI projects and tools in HRM processes. The perceived value of AI in HRM was evaluated by comparing answers to research questions involving the introduction of AI in HRM tools, and expectations of widely implementing AI in the next five years. The main barrier of adopting AI in HRM appeared to be a lack of skills and training. In addition, potential features of implementing AI in HRM were identified as potential steps toward introducing AI as a new technology. Questions regarding the evaluation of EO were based on a research Colvin Slevin (1989). It is important for SMEs to invest in information technology to set the basis for further development. Owing to intensified competitive pressures and the necessity of entering global markets, SMEs are incrementally employing Information Technology (IT) to create substantial benefits. Most prior research has focused more on IT adoption in large organizations, yet when regarding the limited resources of SMEs, the IT adoption process is considerably different. (Ghobakhloo, Sabouri, Hong and Zulkifli, 2011). %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 10 %P 72-79 %8 04/2020 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1348 %N 4 %1 School of Management Fribourg Prof. Rico Baldegger is Director and Professor of Strategy, Innovation and Entrepreneurship at the School of Management Fribourg (HEG-FR), Switzerland. He has studied at the Universities of St. Gallen and Fribourg, Switzerland. His research activities concentrate on innovative start-ups, the entrepreneurial behavior of individuals and organizations, as well as the phenomenon of rapid-growth companies. He has published several books and articles and, since the beginning of the 1990s, he has been the manager of a business for company development. Moreover, he is a business angel and serial entrepreneur, as is demonstrated by the many companies he has created. %2 School of Management Fribourg Maurizio Caon is currently Associate Professor and Leader of the Digital Business Center at the School of Management Fribourg, member of the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO). He is also lecturer at the College of Engineering Fribourg, director of design and innovation at the HumanTech Institute and member of Centre Compétences Numériques (also part of HES-SO). He holds a Ph.D. in Computer Science issued by the University of Bedfordshire, UK, and a Master’s degree in Telecommunications and Computer Engineering issued by the University of Perugia, Italy. His research interests include human-computer interaction, human factors in digital technologies and digital transformation. %3 School of Management Fribourg Kreshnik Sadiku graduated in the MSc in Business Administration major Entrepreneurship in HES-SO. He published a book “Path toward Entrepreneurship” on 2012 and works currently as Regional Manager in a company that provides financial services. %& 72 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1348 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2020 %T Editorial: Rapid Product Development and R&D (March 2020) %A Iivari Kunttu %A Charles Camarda %A Antti Perttula %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 10 %P 3-4 %8 03/2020 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1331 %N 3 %1 NASA Dr. Charles Camarda received his undergraduate degree in Aerospace Engineering from the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in 1974. Upon graduation, he began work at NASA’s Langley Research Center (LaRC), received his M.S. from GW in Mechanical Engineering in 1980 and a Ph.D. in Aerospace Engineering from VPI in 1990. He was Head of the Thermal Structures Branch at LaRC and led the structures and materials efforts of two programs: The National Aero-Space Plane (NASP) and the Single-Stage-to Orbit Program. He was selected to be an Astronaut in 1996 and flew on the return-to-flight mission of Space Shuttle following the Columbia Accident, STS-114, in 2005. He was selected Director of Engineering at JSC in December 2005 and was the Sr. Advisor for Innovation and Engineering Development at NASA’s Langley Research Center. He is currently the Founder and CEO of the Epic Education Foundation, a 501 (c)3 nonprofit seeking to transform education and plug the leaky science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) pipeline. %2 Häme University of Applied Sciences Dr Iivari Kunttu holds a PhD in Information Technology from the Tampere University of Technology (TUT, 2005), and a PhD in Economics (Management) from the University of Vaasa, Finland (2017). Currently he acts as Principal Research Scientist in Häme University of Applied Sciences. From 2012 to 2017, he held an Assistant Professor position in the Department of Management at the University of Vaasa. He has also held several R&D Manager and R&D Process Development specialist positions in the Nokia Corporation, and Project Manager positions in TUT. His current research interests include R&D and innovation management, data analysis, business development, as well as digital services. His works have been published in such international journals as Pattern Recognition Letters, Machine Vision Applications, Optical Engineering, Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, Annals of Long-term Care, Technovation, Industry and Innovation, and Technology Innovation Management Review. %3 Tampere University of Applied Sciences Dr. Antti Perttula is Principal Lecturer of Systems Engineering and Head of Aircraft Engineering Education at Tampere University of Applied Sciences (TAMK). In 2019, he was a Visiting Professor at the München University of Applied Sciences. Before academia, Perttula held several senior management positions in R&D organisations in the industry, military and civil aviation. Currently, Perttula works in rapid PD and in drone technology, including autonomous flying. He has worked in several countries in Europe, Asia and Africa. %& 3 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1331 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2020 %T Examining the Relationship Between Cybersecurity and Scaling Value for New Companies %A Tony Bailetti %A Daniel Craigen %K cybersecurity %K scaling company value %K scaling initiatives %K topic model stability %X We explore the cybersecurity-scaling relationship in the context of scaling new company value rapidly. The relationship between the management of what a new company does to protect against the malicious or unauthorized use of electronic data, and the management of what a new company does to scale company value rapidly is important, but not well understood. We use a topic modelling technique to identify the eight topics that best describe a corpus comprised of 137 assertions about what new companies do to scale company value rapidly, manually examine the stability of the topics extracted from the dataset, and describe the relationship between 17 assertions about how to manage cybersecurity in new companies, and the six topics found to be stable. The six stable topics are labelled Fundraise, Enable, Position, Communicate, Innovate, and Complement. We find that of the 17 cybersecurity assertions, seven are related to Position, two to Innovate, one to Fundraise and, one to Complement. Six cybersecurity assertions were not found to be strongly related to any of the eight topics. This paper contributes to our understanding of cybersecurity in the context of a new company that scales its value rapidly, an application of topic modelling to perform small-scale data analysis, and a manual approach to examine the stability of the topics extracted by the topic modelling technique. We expect this paper to be relevant to new companies’ top management teams, members of the networks upon which new companies depend for to scale company value, accelerators and incubators, as well as academics teaching or carrying out research in entrepreneurship. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 10 %P 62-70 %8 02-2020 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1329 %N 2 %1 Carleton University Tony Bailetti is an Associate Professor in the Sprott School of Business and the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering at Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada. Professor Bailetti is the past Director of Carleton University's Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program. His research, teaching, and community contributions support technology entrepreneurship, regional economic development, and international co-innovation. %2 Carleton University Mr. Craigen is the community and project manager with the Technology Innovation Management Program, Carleton University. Formerly, he was the Director of Carleton University’s Global Cybersecurity Resource (GCR) (https://www.cugcr.ca) and was the founding president of Global EPIC (https://www.globalepic.org). Mr. Craigen was a senior science advisor with the Government of Canada for 12-years and President of ORA Canada, a company that focused on high assurance technologies and distributed its technology to sites in 65-countries. Mr. Craigen was the Chair of two NATO research task groups (“Dual use of high assurance technologies” and “Validation, verification and certification of embedded systems.”) Mr. Craigen obtained a B. Sc (Honours Math) and an M. Sc from Carleton University. %& 62 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1329 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2020 %T How Institutions Promote Digital Marketing in Small and Medium International Companies: a Comparison Between Costa Rica and France %A Karen V. H. Carpio %A Susan Arce %A Manon Enjolras %A Mauricio Camargo %K coaching %K digital marketing %K internationalization %K SMEs %K support institutions %K training %X The objective of this paper is to analyze institutional promotions to small and medium international enterprises on the subject of digital marketing. The authors conduct qualitative research with a descriptive scope, including 12 institutions in Costa Rica and France. The study is dedicated to working with SMEs involved in an internationalization process and offering them some type of training. for the collection of information, an in-depth interview with each participant was applied. It concludes that SMEs promote digital marketing through institutions, and that the way in which they carry it out varies between the two countries, Costa Rica being a more general and structured service, and France a more customized one. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 10 %P 58-71 %8 04/2020 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1347 %N 4 %1 Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica de Cartago Karen Herrera Carpio holds a Bachelor in Business Administration, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica de Cartago. %2 Center of Investigation in Economy Administration and Technology Management Susan Arce. is a Professor and Investigator in the Center of Investigation in Economy Administration and Technology Management (CIADEG), currently working in the section of exporting SMEs. She holds a Bachelor of Business Administration with an emphasis in Financial Administration. Latest research related to business strategy, innovation, marketing, and strategic orientation. %3 University of Lorraine Manon Enjolras is a Researcher at the University of Lorraine, PhD in Industrial System Engineering, working on “SMEs’ innovation and internationalization capabilities” and engineering degree from the ENSGSI (Ecole Nationale Supérieure en Génie des Systèmes et Innovation). Her main research interests are related to multicriteria decision-making and multivariate data analysis methodologies applied to the development of SMEs more specifically, the evaluation metrics of protection, innovation, and internationalization capabilities. %4 University of Lorraine Mauricio Camargo is a Professor at the Ecole Nationale en Génie des Systèmes Industriels (Université de Lorraine). B.S. in Chemical Engineering from the Universidad Nacional de Colombia. PhD on Automatics of Industrial and Human Systems at the Université de Valenciennes et de Hainaut Cambresis in France. Prof. Camargo’s main research interests are New Product Development, Design-to-cost, and Design and Interdisciplinarity. His recent research concerns applications of Multi-objective Evolutionary Techniques to evaluate product performance and innovativeness. %& 58 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1347 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2020 %T Project Portfolio Management in the Front-End of Innovation of Research Centers: a Literature Review %A Rui Nuno Castro %A João José Pinto Ferreira %K front-end %K ideation %K innovation %K not-for-profit %K Project Portfolio Management %K research center %X The beginning of an innovation process, also known as “front-end of innovation” (FEI), counts as an essential contributor to the successful development of new products and for their market appeal. Nevertheless, while helpful procedures and techniques for developing new products are well-known and widely applied, FEI is still an understudied area, and models for managing it are not yet commonly used in technology-oriented companies. FEI, also known as "fuzzy front end", can even be "fuzzier" in not-for-profit research centers. That is because the focus of these centers is advancing of scientific knowledge, rather than commercializing the results of those activities. This study summarizes the insights from a literature review on the topic of “project portfolio management” (PPM) in relation to innovation and, more specifically, with FEI and its components of ideation, innovation management, innovation strategy, foresight, and incremental or radical innovation. The authors selected and reviewed content from 170 papers published in SCOPUS prior to February 2019. The discussion uses a theoretical framework called "Front-End of Innovation Integrative Ontology (FEI2O)" to assist in framing the discussion. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 10 %P 46-59 %8 12/2020 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1409 %N 12 %1 Fraunhofer Portugal Rui Nuno Castro holds a degree in Electrical and Computers Engineering from the Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP) since 1996, and a M.Sc. in Digital Communication Systems and Technology from Chalmers University of Technology, in Sweden, in 1999. In 1998-1999 he was a researcher at Ericsson Radio Systems AB in Sweden, where he developed his Master Thesis named “Dynamic Resource Management for Wavelength Division Multiplexing Networks”. Between 2000 and 2004, as a researcher at INESC Porto, he actively participated in several projects in the IST framework. Between 2005 and 2010, he was co-founder and Chief Operations Officer at Nonius Software, a Portuguese SME. In 2010, he joined Fraunhofer Portugal as a researcher. He is, since October 2011, R&D Group Leader at Fraunhofer Portugal. His current research interests are in the field of Innovation and Technology Management. %2 University of Porto João José Pinto Ferreira holds a Licenciatura in Electrical Engineering and Computers at Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP) in 1987; MSc Electrical Engineering and Computers at FEUP in 1991; Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Computers at FEUP in 1995; Habilitation in Industrial Engineering and Management in April 2011. He has held several positions at the FEUP: 1987-1995: Assistant Lecturer; 1995-2003: Assistant Professor; 2003-today: Associate Professor. At FEUP (1997-2000) also he was Member of the Executive Board of the Electrical Engineering Department and is, since 2004, the Director of the Master Program of Innovation and Technological Entrepreneurship. Has supervised MSc and Ph.D. students in the areas of Electrical Engineering and Computers, Informatics Engineering and Industrial Engineering and Management. He is Co-Editor-in-Chief and co-founder of the Journal of Innovation Management (http://open-jim.org). His research focuses on the Front-End of Innovation and on its synergies with the early stages of the entrepreneurial activity. %& 47 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1409 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2020 %T Rapid Learning and Knowledge-Gap Closure During the Conceptual Design Phase – Rapid R&D %A Charles J. Camarda %A Stephen J. Scotti %A Iivari Kunttu %A Antti Perttula %K knowledge gaps %K R&D %K Rapid product development %K set-based design %X New product development strategies, such as set-based concurrent engineering design (SBCED) or set-based design (SBD), have demonstrated improved ways to address knowledge gaps in alternate design concepts prior to the decision to select a single concept for development. Most of the corpus in this field addresses engineering product development that relies on systems and subsystems with years of prior experience in testing, development, and operation. These often have known or existing solutions, and use state-of-the-art (SOA), or near SOA technology. In addition, most papers do not dive into the details of how knowledge was attained to rapidly close critical knowledge gaps. This paper attempts to explain how a research-based method to construct knowledge can accelerate the knowledge capture critical for developing solutions to extremely challenging problems. This rapid R&D methodology enables a rapid acquisition of critical knowledge to understand potential failure modes of concepts in a set-based way. Thus, it enables intelligent decisions for the selection of the final concept as well as the continuous maturation of parallel concepts. The continuous, parallel maturation of multiple concepts enables effective off-ramps in the design process as requirements and new knowledge arise in the course of the development program, without incurring excessive rework, cost growth, and schedule creep. The goal of this paper is to describe a method that accelerates the generation of critical knowledge early in the conceptual design phase, as a way to close knowledge gaps quickly, and thus enable intelligent design decisions and concept selections early in the product development cycle. The methodological descriptions are illustrated with case examples from NASA technology development. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 10 %P 5-15 %8 03/2020 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1332 %N 3 %1 NASA Dr. Charles Camarda received his undergraduate degree in Aerospace Engineering from the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in 1974. Upon graduation, he began work at NASA’s Langley Research Center (LaRC), received his M.S. from GW in Mechanical Engineering in 1980 and a Ph.D. in Aerospace Engineering from VPI in 1990. He was Head of the Thermal Structures Branch at LaRC and led the structures and materials efforts of two programs: The National Aero-Space Plane (NASP) and the Single-Stage-to Orbit Program. He was selected to be an Astronaut in 1996 and flew on the return-to-flight mission of Space Shuttle following the Columbia Accident, STS-114, in 2005. He was selected Director of Engineering at JSC in December 2005 and was the Sr. Advisor for Innovation and Engineering Development at NASA’s Langley Research Center. He is currently the Founder and CEO of the Epic Education Foundation, a 501 (c)3 nonprofit seeking to transform education and plug the leaky science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) pipeline. %2 NASA Dr. Stephen Scotti is a Distinguished Research Associate in the Research Directorate at NASA Langley Research Center. He joined NASA in 1986 and has held positions as a Senior Technologist, as Chief Engineer for Structures and Materials in the Research Directorate, as well as serving as a researcher, as the manager of research branches, as an engineering office chief, and as a program chief engineer. Dr. Scotti made numerous contributions to various NASA programs, and led several advanced design studies - receiving a NASA Exceptional Engineering Achievement Medal for the Orion spacecraft Alternate Launch Abort System study. Dr. Scotti was also a contributor to the Columbia Accident Investigation in the area of thermal-structural failure modes, and he played a significant role in developing concepts for on-orbit repair of the Space Shuttle leading edge. Dr. Scotti's research specialties include multidisciplinary design, probabilistic design, thermal-structures, heat transfer and structural mechanics which he primarily applied to the study of supersonic and hypersonic aircraft, and to space access vehicles. He earned a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the George Washington University in 1995. %3 Häme University of Applied Sciences Dr Iivari Kunttu holds a PhD in Information Technology from the Tampere University of Technology (TUT, 2005), and a PhD in Economics (Management) from the University of Vaasa, Finland (2017). Currently he acts as Principal Research Scientist in Häme University of Applied Sciences. From 2012 to 2017, he held an Assistant Professor position in the Department of Management at the University of Vaasa. He has also held several R&D Manager and R&D Process Development specialist positions in the Nokia Corporation, and Project Manager positions in TUT. His current research interests include R&D and innovation management, data analysis, business development, as well as digital services. His works have been published in such international journals as Pattern Recognition Letters, Machine Vision Applications, Optical Engineering, Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, Annals of Long-term Care, Technovation, Industry and Innovation, and Technology Innovation Management Review. %4 Tampere University of Applied Sciences Dr. Antti Perttula is since 2014 a Principal Lecturer of Systems Engineering and Head of Aircraft Engineering Education at the Tampere University of Applied Sciences. Before academia Perttula held several senior management positions in R&D organization in industry and in military and civil aviation. His main duties included quality and technology management, process development and supplier partnership. Currently, Perttula’s research interest areas cover rapid product development and drone technology including autonomous flying. He has worked in several countries in Europe, Asia and Africa. %& 5 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1332 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Are High-Tech Companies More Competitive Than Others? An Empirical Study of Innovative and Exporting French SMEs %A Manon Enjolras %A Mauricio Camargo %A Christophe Schmitt %K export %K innovation %K multiple-case study %K SMEs %K technological intensity %X The main objective of this research work is to question the relationship between the technological intensity of SMEs (defined by the share of R&D expenditure in turnover, according to the OECD) and their growth potential (defined by their innovation and export capabilities). Through a multiple case study conducted with a panel of nine French SMEs, and through an analysis combining a qualitative approach (illustrative cases study) and a quantitative one (multidimensional statistical methods), several hypotheses were tested. Finally, this study points out that technological intensity, as defined by the OECD, is not directly correlated with the growth potential of SMEs. On the other hand, a company’s technological intensity would have an impact on the way it manages its innovation and internationalization process, and thus the way it manages its internal practices. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 33-48 %8 01/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1210 %N 1 %1 Université de Lorraine Manon Enjolras is a Researcher in Industrial System Engineering at the Université de Lorraine in Nancy, France, where she is working on the innovation and internationalization capabilities of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). She also holds a PhD from the Université de Lorraine in addition to an Engineering degree in Project Management and Innovation Management and a Master’s degree in Innovation Management, both from the Université de Lorraine’s Ecole Nationale Supérieure en Génie des Systèmes et Innovation (ENSGSI). Her main research interests are related to multicriteria decision-making and multivariate data analysis methodologies applied to SMEs, especially the capability evaluation metrics for innovation, internationalization, and the protection of industrial property. %2 Université de Lorraine Mauricio Camargo is a Professor at the Ecole Nationale en Génie des Systèmes Industriels (ENSGSI) at the Université de Lorraine in Nancy, France. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in Chemical Engineering from the Universidad Nacional de Colombia and a PhD on Automatics of Industrial and Human Systems at the Université de Valenciennes et de Hainaut Cambresis in France. Professor Camargo’s main research interests are new product development, design-to-cost, and design and interdisciplinarity. His recent research concerns the application of multi-objective evolutionary techniques to evaluate product performance and innovativeness. %3 Université de Lorraine Christophe Schmitt is a Professor in Entrepreneurship at the Université de Lorraine (IAE de Metz and CEREFIGE), he holds the research Chair “Entreprendre”, and he is responsible for PeeL (the Lorraine Student Entrepreneurship Pole). He is also an Associate Professor at the Louvain School of Management in Belgium and at the “Haute Ecole de Gestion” of Fribourg in Switzerland. His articles and books mostly concern the notion of value design and knowledge building for action as well as the development of entrepreneurial practices. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1210 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Editorial: Living Labs (March 2019) %A Chris McPhee %A Anna Ståhlbröst %A Abdolrasoul Habibipour %A Mari Runardotter %A Diana Chronéer %K accelerators %K business models %K frameworks %K innovation %K living labs %K Open innovation %K stakeholders %K sustainability %K tools %K UN Sustainable Development Goals %K urban living labs %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 3-5 %8 03/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1220 %N 3 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada. He has nearly 20 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Luleå University of Technology Anna Ståhlbröst is the Chair Professor in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology, Sweden. Her research interests focus on the possibilities and challenges with the ongoing digital transformation for people, organizations, and society. In particular, she is interested in the citizen perspective when digital service innovations are developed within the context of urban living labs for smart cities and regions. Her research is related to different application areas such as smart cities and regions, crowdsourcing, everyday use, and online privacy. Her research has been published in several international journals, conference proceedings, and books. %3 Luleå University of Technology Abdolrasoul Habibipour is a PhD student in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden and is a User Engagement Expert at Botnia Living Lab, Sweden. His research focuses on user engagement in living lab context, with a particular emphasis on users’ motivations and needs. Abdolrasoul has experience teaching and supervising students at the undergraduate and postgraduate level and also serves as a reviewer in various international conferences and scientific journals. He has been involved in international innovation and research projects such as Privacy Flag and USEMP projects and is currently working in UNaLab and U4IoT projects, all of which are financed by the European Commission. %4 Luleå University of Technology Mari Runardotter is a PhD in Social Informatics from the Luleå University of Technology. Since 2009 she has been working as Senior Lecturer, at the division Computer Science, at Luleå University of Technology. Her research focuses on social, societal and organizational effects of IT, primarily in the area of e-government and e-governance. She is also interested in issues related to availability and accessibility of cultural heritage materials. In her research Runardotter uses theories and methods that emphasize social, societal, cultural, organizational and gender aspects in the interaction between humans and information systems. %# Luleå University of Technology Diana Chronéer is an Associate Professor in the Information Systems department at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden. She teaches organizational development through IT and sustainable business models from a digital perspective. Her main research interests are in the areas of digital service innovation, business model development, information logistics, and project management. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1220 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Exploring Participation Needs and Motivational Requirements When Engaging Older Adults in an Emerging Living Lab %A Tiziana C. Callari %A Louise Moody %A Janet Saunders %A Gill Ward %A Nikki Holliday %A Julie Woodley %K family views %K Living lab %K motivation to participate %K older adults %K research participation %K user expectations %K user needs %X There is a growing body of literature regarding living labs, which are seen as an effective way to develop and evaluate research for novel products and services with the actual end users. With growth in the living labs model, there is an increasing need for guidelines to steer and support the set-up and maintenance of initiatives, and to facilitate relationships and engagement with stakeholders and users in this context. This study seeks to address this need, in part, by exploring the needs, expectations, and motivations that older adults have in relation to research participation in an emerging living lab. This work is part of a wider research project to develop an integrated framework to guide emerging living labs. Eight semi-structured interviews were undertaken with six residents and two family members from two residential settings for older adults that were collaborating to establish a living lab environment. A concept-driven coding frame supported the coding and analysis of the interview transcripts. The results provide insights in relation to participant motivation to take part in research, and they identify some issues of concern for participants, both residents and family members, related to living lab initiatives. As a first step in developing a successful living lab culture of collaborative research, this study has demonstrated that open discussion with residents and their families should continue to guide processes and research design as the emerging living lab initiative continues. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 38-49 %8 03/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1223 %N 3 %1 Coventry University Tiziana C. Callari is a Human Factors Researcher at Coventry University in England. She has an interest in the organizational and cognitive processes of living and working environments. Within the Centre for Arts, Memory and Communities at Coventry University, she is involved in projects that seek to improve the quality of life/work of targeted users by incorporating ergonomics principles in the design of products, services, and processes. Methodologically, she has a deep knowledge of the use of qualitative research strategy approaches. %2 Coventry University Louise Moody is Professor of Health Design and Human Factors in the Centre for Arts, Memory and Communities at Coventry University in England. Her research is focused on the development of products, interventions, and services to benefit health and wellbeing. With a background in Psychology and Human Factors, she employs a range of research methods as well as art-based approaches to ensure that new products, systems, services, and interventions are functional as well as being desirable and acceptable to end users and stakeholders. %3 Coventry University Janet Saunders is a specialist in user research and user centred design, with extensive experience in e-commerce and several projects as a Research Assistant with Coventry University in England. Her background includes qualitative research for user needs and digital information design, such as usability testing, co-creation, focus groups, and interviews, with an additional interest in diverse groups such as people with disabilities, people with learning difficulties, and older people. %4 Royal College of Occupational Therapists Gillian Ward is a Visiting Professor at Coventry University in England. Her research interests include the design and user experience of assistive and digital health technologies. She is the Research and Development Manager at the Royal College of Occupational Therapists. %# Coventry University Nikki Holliday is a Researcher in the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences at Coventry University in England, where she specializes in informing assisted living technology design via multi-stakeholder involvement, using techniques such as co-creation, co-production, usability studies, focus groups and interviews, and rapid prototyping. She is experienced in exploring health and wellbeing technology perceptions and design with service users, carers, and a wide range of health and social care staff, and running user-focused co-creation activities and projects. %$ University of West England Julie Woodley is a Senior Lecturer in Diagnostic Imaging at the University of West England in Bristol, where she specializes in research and healthcare ethics. She is also the Chair of Central Bristol’s NHS Research Ethics Committee. She is experienced in the ethical dilemmas associated with new technologies and the setting up of complex research projects. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1223 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T How to Create Value(s) in the Sharing Economy: Business Models, Scalability, and Sustainability %A Aurélien Acquier %A Valentina Carbone %A David Massé %K business model %K scalability %K sharing economy %K sustainability %K value creation %K value distribution %X By organizing peer-to-peer exchanges and promoting access over ownership, the sharing economy is transforming a great variety of sectors. Enjoying fast growth, the sharing economy is an umbrella term encompassing heterogeneous initiatives that create different types of economic, environmental, or social value. This heterogeneity triggers tensions and intense disputes about the perimeter of the field. Do Airbnb and Uber belong to the sharing economy? How do we consider practices such as gifting, renting, and swapping that existed before the sharing economy boom? To sort out this complexity, we have adopted a pragmatic and grounded approach examining 27 initiatives that claim to be part of, or are perceived as emblematic of the sharing economy. We develop a typology of sharing economy business models revealing four configurations: shared infrastructure providers, commoners, mission-driven platforms, and matchmakers. Each configuration exhibits specific value-creation logics, scalability issues, sustainability impacts, and potential controversies. Our results provide guidance for sharing entrepreneurs, for established businesses that want to embrace the principles of the sharing economy, and for public actors wishing to regulate or support the field. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 5-24 %8 02/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1215 %N 2 %1 ESCP Europe, Paris Campus Aurélien Acquier is a Professor in the Management Department at ESCP Europe, Paris Campus. He teaches corporate strategy and organizational dynamics. He is the Scientific Co-Director of the ESCP Europe - Deloitte Chair on Circular Economy. In collaboration with various national and multinational companies, his research focuses on the relationships between sustainable development, corporate strategy, and institutional change. %2 ESCP Europe, Paris Campus Valentina Carbone is a Professor in the Information and Operations Management Department at ESCP Europe, Paris Campus. She teaches supply-chain management and sustainable business models. She is the Scientific Co-Director of the ESCP Europe - Deloitte Chair on Circular Economy. Her research deals with sustainable supply-chain management, sharing and circular economy business models, and corporate social responsibility (CSR). %3 ESCP Europe, Paris Campus David Massé is an Associate Professor and Head of the Economics and Management Group at Télécom ParisTech, and he is a Researcher at Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation (CNRS-UMR 9217). His main research interests are creative industries, the sharing economy, and digital innovation management. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1215 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Leveraging AI-based Decision Support for Opportunity Analysis %A Wolfgang Groher %A Friedrich-Wilhelm Rademacher %A André Csillaghy %K front-end of innovation; environmental scanning; information processing; opportunity; innovation search field; information retrieval; artificial intelligence; decision-making; latent semantic indexing; design-science %X The dynamics and speed of change in corporate environments have increased. At the front-end of innovation, firms are challenged to evaluate growing amounts of information within shorter time frames in order to stay competitive. Either they spend significant time on structured data analysis, at the risk of delayed market launch, or they follow their intuition, at the risk of not meeting market trends. Both scenarios constitute a significant risk for a firm’s continued existence. Motivated by this, a conceptual model is presented in this paper that aims at remediating these risks. Grounded on design science methodology, it concentrates on previous assessments of innovation search fields. These innovation search fields assist in environmental scanning and lay the foundation for deciding which opportunities to pursue. The model applies a novel AI-based approach, which draws on natural language processing and information retrieval. To provide decision support, the approach includes market-, technology-, and firm-related criteria. This allows us to replace intuitive decision-making by fact-based considerations. In addition, an often-iterative approach for environmental scanning is replaced by a more straightforward process. Early testing of the conceptual model has shown results of increased quality and speed of decision-making. Further testing and feedback is still required to enhance and calibrate the AI-functionality. Applied in business environments, the approach can contribute to remediate fuzziness in early front-end activities, thus helping direct innovation managers to “do the right things”. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 29-35 %8 12/2019 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1289 %N 12 %1 University of Applied Sciences, St. Gallen Wolfgang Groher holds a position as lecturer and researcher for business informatics at the University of Applied Sciences St. Gallen, Switzerland. His primary research interest lies in the front-end of innovation and supporting it with data science-based approaches. This includes the topic of identifying weak signals for strategic foresight. He holds a diploma as business engineer from the University of Karlsruhe and has many years of international industry experience in IT-, SCM- and consulting positions at Siemens. Within the Swiss association VNL for logistics professionals he is heading the expert group for logistics innovation. %2 University of Applied Sciences FHNW Friedrich-W. Rademacher is a lecturer and professor for production and logistics systems at the University of Applied Sciences FHNW Northwestern Switzerland in Windisch, Switzerland. His scientific focus lies on innovation of logistics processes. He was awarded a PhD at the TU Dortmund and holds an engineering diploma from the Ruhr University Bochum. He has extensive industrial experience as a managing director in the telecommunications and public transport sectors. %3 University of Applied Sciences FHNW André Csillaghy is the head of the Institute for Data Science at the University of Applied Sciences FHNW Northwestern Switzerland. He has been working on data systems from diverse origins for the last two decades. His primary interests are data pipelines, machine learning, and applications on very large data sets. He graduated in Computer Science at ETH Zurich, moved to the University of California, Berkeley, before joining the faculty at FHNW. %& 29 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1289 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T The Status and Future of Action Research: An Interview with Professor David Coghlan %A David Coghlan %A Erik Lindhult %K action research %K David Coghlan %K insider action research %K interiority %K interview %K reflection %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 42-49 %8 06/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1248 %N 6 %1 Trinity College David Coghlan is Professor Emeritus at the Trinity Business School, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland, and is a Fellow Emeritus of the College. He specializes in organization development and action research and participates actively in the both communities internationally. He has published over 180 articles and book chapters. Recent books include: Doing Action Research in Your Own Organization (5th ed. Sage: London, 2019); Conducting Action Research for Business and Management Students (with Rami Shani, Sage: London, 2018), Inside Organizations (Sage: London, 2016). He is co-editor (with Mary Brydon-Miller) of the SAGE Encyclopedia of Action Research and (with Rami Shani) of the four-volume sets, Fundamentals of Organization Development (Sage: London, 2010) and Action Research in Business and Management (Sage: London, 2016). He is a member of the editorial advisory board of several journals, including Action Research, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, Action Learning: Research and Practice, Systemic Practice and Action Research, and OD Review. %2 Mälardalen University Erik Lindhult (PhD) is a Senior Lecturer in Innovation Management and Entrepreneurship at Mälardalen University in Sweden. He received his doctoral degree in Industrial Management from the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, in the area of Scandinavian dialogue democratic approach to innovation and action research. His main area of research is participatory, collaborative, and democratic innovation and change management, as well as entrepreneurship for a sustainable development of society. His research interests also involve collaborative research methodologies, including action research and interactive research. He has been involved in a wide range of collaborative R&D projects in the private, public, and cooperative sectors, in areas such as organizational development, incubator and science park development, service innovation, societal entrepreneurship, sustainable innovation, and school development. He is a board member of the Swedish Participatory Action Research Society (SPARC) and the Swedish Interactive Research Association (SIRA), as well as an expert advisor to the EU SWAFS Horizon 2020 research committee. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1248 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Urban Living Labs: Towards an Integrated Understanding of their Key Components %A Diana Chronéer %A Anna Ståhlbröst %A Abdolrasoul Habibipour %K definition %K innovation %K key components %K Living lab %K nature-based solutions %K NBS %K ULL %K UNaLab %K urban living lab %X In today’s ongoing urbanization and escalating climate change, there is an increasing demand on cities to be innovative and inclusive to handle these emerging issues. As an answer to these challenges, and in order to generate and adopt sustainable innovations and nature-based solutions in the urban areas, the concept of urban living labs has emerged. However, to date, there is confusion concerning the concept of the urban living lab and its key components. Some interpret the urban living lab as an approach, others as a single project, and some as a specific place – and some just do not know. In order to unravel this complexity and better understand this concept, we sought to identify the key components of an urban living lab by discussing the perspective of city representatives in the context of an urban living lab project. To achieve this goal, we reviewed previous literature on this topic and carried out two workshops with city representatives, followed by an open-ended questionnaire. In this article, we identify and discuss seven key components of an urban living lab: governance and management structure; financing models; urban context; nature-based solutions; partners and users (including citizens); approach; and ICT and infrastructure. We also offer an empirically derived definition of the urban living lab concept. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 50-62 %8 03/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1224 %N 3 %1 Luleå University of Technology Diana Chronéer is an Associate Professor in the Information Systems department at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden. She teaches organizational development through IT and sustainable business models from a digital perspective. Her main research interests are in the areas of digital service innovation, business model development, information logistics, and project management. %2 Luleå University of Technology Anna Ståhlbröst is the Chair Professor in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology, Sweden. Her research interests focus on the possibilities and challenges with the ongoing digital transformation for people, organizations, and society. In particular, she is interested in the citizen perspective when digital service innovations are developed within the context of urban living labs for smart cities and regions. Her research is related to different application areas such as smart cities and regions, crowdsourcing, everyday use, and online privacy. Her research has been published in several international journals, conference proceedings, and books. %3 Luleå University of Technology Abdolrasoul Habibipour is a PhD student in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden and is a User Engagement Expert at Botnia Living Lab, Sweden. His research focuses on user engagement in living lab context, with a particular emphasis on users’ motivations and needs. Abdolrasoul has experience teaching and supervising students at the undergraduate and postgraduate level and also serves as a reviewer in various international conferences and scientific journals. He has been involved in international innovation and research projects such as Privacy Flag and USEMP projects and is currently working in UNaLab and U4IoT projects, all of which are financed by the European Commission. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1224 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T A Framework for Field Testing in Living Lab Innovation Projects %A Lynn Coorevits %A Annabel Georges %A Dimitri Schuurman %K context research %K field test %K living labs %K testing %K user innovation %X Within innovation research and, more specifically, living lab projects, a crucial component is to test an innovation in a real-life context with potential end users. Such a field test can validate assumptions by combining insights on behaviour and attitudes towards the innovation. This allows for iterative tailoring of the innovation to the needs and wants of the potential end users. Moreover, relevant insights can be gathered to stop or rescope the innovation project before big investments are made. Although studies indicate that testing innovations (or prototypes) in real-life contexts improves the innovation process, there is no specific framework on how to conduct a field test for an innovation. This is important because, in living lab field tests, users are actively involved in co-creating the solutions, which impacts the operational side of setting up living lab projects. Therefore, within this article, we propose a framework for field testing based on the degree to which it reflects reality and the stage within the living lab process. We distinguish four types of field tests: concept, mock-up, pilot, and go2market field test. Based on this framework, we propose some practical guidelines for setting up living lab field tests. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 40-50 %8 12/2018 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1204 %N 12 %1 imec.livinglabs Lynn Coorevits is an Innovation Manager at imec.livinglabs, where she is responsible for tools and methodologies that improve testing in living labs. She is also affiliated to the imec-mict-ugent department Ghent University in Belgium as a Senior User Researcher. She holds master degrees in Psychology and Marketing Analysis from Ghent University and has over 10 years of experience in innovation research and consultancy. %2 imec.livinglabs Annabel Georges is a User Specialist at imec.livinglabs. Within this “living-lab-as-a-service” she conducts user research to structurally support innovation development for SMEs. Next to this, she is also involved in several smart city projects. Her main research topics are drop-out and user engagement within field tests and working on the processes of current living lab practices. Annabel holds a Master in Communication Sciences degree with a specialization in New Media and Society at Ghent University. %3 imec.livinglabs Dimitri Schuurman is the Team Lead of the Business Model and User Research Team at imec.livinglabs. He holds a PhD and a Master’s degree in Communication Sciences from Ghent University in Belgium. Together with his imec colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at entrepreneurs in which he has managed over 100 innovation projects. He is also active in the International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM) and in the European Network of Living Labs (ENoLL) as a living labs specialist. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1204 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T From Importing Innovations to Co-Producing Them: Transdisciplinary Approaches to the Development of Online Land Management Tools %A Alex Baumber %A Graciela Metternicht %A Peter Ampt %A Rebecca Cross %A Emily Berry %K adaptive %K co-production %K collaboration %K decision-support %K innovation %K land management %K tools %K transdisciplinary %X While traditional approaches to innovation diffusion often assume that innovations come from outside a local system, transdisciplinary co-production offers an alternative paradigm in which local stakeholders are engaged as co-producers of innovations. The use of digital online tools for agriculture, conservation, and citizen science is an area of expanding opportunities, but landholders are often dependent on tools developed outside their local communities. This article looks at the potential for transdisciplinary co-production to be used as a framework for more participatory development of digital online land management tools, with a case study from the Central Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia. This research has implications beyond rural land management to other industries and contexts where reflexive and integrative strategies are needed to overcome barriers to stakeholder participation and engagement with new technologies. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 16-26 %8 08/2018 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1175 %N 8 %1 University of Technology Sydney Alex Baumber is a Scholarly Teaching Fellow in the Faculty of Transdisciplinary Innovation at the University of Technology Sydney, Australia. He has undertaken collaborative research on a range of rural sustainability issues, including revegetation, bioenergy, agroforestry, wildlife management, and carbon accounting. Research grants include projects on Landholder Collaboration (NSW Environmental Trust), Low Carbon Tourism (CRC for Low-Carbon Living 2013–2015), Optimising Revegetation Management for Regent Honeyeater Recovery (NSW Environmental Trust 2013–2016), the Central Tablelands Agroforestry Bioenergy Project (RIRDC and DAFF 2010–12), and the Barrier Ranges Sustainable Wildlife Enterprise Trial (RIRDC 2006–2009). %2 University of New South Wales Graciela Metternicht is a Professor in the School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia. She has expertise and experience in land degradation assessment and monitoring, ecosystem-based approaches to land use planning, and sustainable development. Her prior and current work includes working with UN Environment, the UNCCD, and as a reviewer of major reports of the Convention of Biological Diversity and of the State of the Environment Australia Report 2016. Metternicht has experience in leading multi-stakeholder, multi-sectoral projects in environmental assessment and management, including the Collaborative Planning Support Tools for Optimising Farming Systems (funded by the Australian Research Council). %3 University of Sydney Peter Ampt is a Lecturer in Natural Resource Management and Extension at the University of Sydney, Australia. He has expertise in participatory research, which seeks to integrate production and conservation, including as a lead investigator for the project Landholder Collaboration for Landscape-scale Conservation (NSW Environmental Trust 2016–18). His roles include manager of the Future of Australia’s Threatened Ecosystems (FATE) program and steering committee member for the Communities in Landscapes (CiL) project, which aimed at improving the management of Box Gum grassy woodlands under the Australian Government’s Caring for Our Country program. Ampt’s track record includes participatory research projects such as the Central Tablelands Agroforestry Bioenergy Project (RIRDC and DAFF 2010–12) and the Barrier Ranges Sustainable Wildlife Enterprise Trial (RIRDC 2006–2009). %4 University of Sydney Rebecca Cross is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the University of Sydney, Australia. She has led the development of participatory social research methodology for the Landholder Collaboration project (NSW Environmental Trust) and has worked on several projects including Communities in Landscapes (CiL) (funded by Caring for Our Country, 2010–2012) and Mining and Biodiversity Offsetting in Agricultural Landscapes in Mudgee, NSW and the Burdekin, QLD (UNSW, 2014). %# University of New South Wales Emily Berry provided support for social research and coordination of the project Landholder Collaboration for Landscape-scale Conservation (NSW Environmental Trust 2016–18). She holds a Master of Philosophy degree in Environmental Management from the University of New South Wales and has also undertaken research into landholder perceptions of land degradation in the Far West NSW, private land conservation in NSW, and cultural land management in the NSW Central Tablelands. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1175 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T From Organizations to Organizational Fields: The Evolution of Civic Innovation Ecosystems %A Matthew Claudel %K city %K civic technology %K innovation policy %K innovation systems %K Living lab %X Contemporary approaches to urban technology emphasize local “innovation ecosystems”. Two organizational models – living labs and innovation integrators – are commonly used as hubs to broker these ecosystems. Curiously, both coexist in some cities, allowing a comparison of their impact and an analysis of their development over time and in context. The case studies presented in this article suggest that our analytical frameworks for technology policy may fall short, in that they contemplate only the organizations themselves – the living labs or innovation integrators. The dynamics observed in each city are well articulated, however, in the sociotechnical systems literature. The hub can be understood as a “niche”, which fosters radical innovations and new processes. As these prototypes are increasingly deployed and accepted, there is a regime shift, ultimately creating an experimentalist culture that fills the role previously held by the hub. This conclusion is neither a challenge to ecosystem theory nor a critique of innovation policy and its implementation. Rather, I suggest that we must extend these theoretical frameworks, drawing on sociotechnical systems literature to better account for institutions and for systems change as we design policy for urban technology. This article therefore makes a contribution by using a sociotechnical systems lens to explain the evolution of local urban innovation ecosystems. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 34-47 %8 06/2018 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1163 %N 6 %1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Matthew Claudel is a PhD candidate in the Department of Urban Studies and Planning at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and he is also affiliated with the MIT Lab for Innovation Science & Policy and the MIT Center for Collective Intelligence. Matthew is a Co-Founder of MIT designX, where he is the Head of Civic Innovation. He is also the co-author of two books: Open Source Architecture and The City of Tomorrow. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1163 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2018 %T Q&A. What Barriers Do Women Face in Becoming High-Tech Entrepreneurs in Rural India? %A Rituparna Basu %A Sarada Chatterjee %K barriers %K challenges %K entrepreneurship %K India %K rural %K technology %K women %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 8 %P 33-36 %8 01/2018 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1132 %N 1 %1 International Management Institute, Kolkata Rituparna Basu is an Assistant Professor in Marketing, Retail and Entrepreneurship at the International Management Institute in Kolkata, India. Dr. Basu won the Global ISB-Ivey Case Competition 2017 and received the prestigious AIMS-IRMA Outstanding Young Woman Management Teacher Award 2016. She earned her Doctor of Philosophy in Management from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur in 2013. She holds a BSc in Economics from St. Xaviers’ College in Kolkata, and she is a gold medallist MBA. She is particularly known for her practice-led research and is also regarded as a high-impact corporate trainer. %2 International Management Institute, Kolkata Sarada Chatterjee is a Teaching Assistant at the International Management Institute in Kolkata, India. She holds a BCom (Hons) from the University of Calcutta, India, and an MCom from University of Burdwan, India. She received the Active Young Researcher Award in 2017 from the AR Research Publication and Conference World. Previously, she was an Assistant Professor in the Department of Business Administration at Bhawanipur Education Society College in Calcutta and a Lecturer in the Department of Business Administration at the Scottish Church College, also in Calcutta. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1132 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T Collaborative Capability in Coworking Spaces: Convenience Sharing or Community Building? %A Marcelo F. Castilho %A Carlos O. Quandt %K collaboration %K collaborative knowledge work %K collaborative workspaces %K coworking %K innovativeness %X This study explores the development of collaborative capability in coworking spaces. It is based on the perception of collaboration among 31 coworking founders, community managers, and coworkers of those spaces. In-depth interviews around the meaning of collaboration and its challenges were conducted in 14 coworking spaces located in six Asian countries. A set of factors was identified and a model was proposed based on a set of four dimensions: enabling knowledge sharing, enhancing a creative field, enhancing an individual action for the collective, and supporting a collective action to an effective execution. The “Convenience Sharing” and “Community Building” coworking types based on Capdevila (2014) suggest different conditions under which collaborative capability develops. Convenience Sharing coworking spaces tend to foster collaborative capability through knowledge sharing and effective execution, whereas Community Building coworking spaces tend to foster collaborative capability by enhancing a creative field and individual action for the collective. Overall, this study contributes to a theoretical model for coworking spaces to help coworking founders and community managers make strategic decisions. The findings suggest that collaborative capability in coworking spaces depends on the interlacing of a set of factors along four dimensions that relate in varying degrees of intensity to a two-fold coworking space typology. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 32-42 %8 12/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1126 %N 12 %1 Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná Marcelo F. Castilho is a PhD student at the Business School of Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR) in Curitiba, Brazil. He holds a Master of Arts in Automotive Design from Coventry University in the United Kingdom. His professional background includes a 22-year career dealing with product innovation, first as an expert and later as a design manager in the commercial vehicle sector. His research and consulting work includes organizations in search for collaboration capabilities and design thinking methods to achieve results, considering aspects of creativity, innovation, sustainability, and individual wellbeing and inner balance. %2 Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná Carlos O. Quandt is a Professor at the Business School of Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR) in Curitiba, Brazil. He received his PhD in Urban and Regional Planning from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) in the United States. His research and consulting work include projects for the Institute of the Americas, the International Research and Development Centre (Canada), the Center for North American Integration and Development, the New Vision Business Council of Southern California, the Lewis Center for Regional Policy Studies (USA). His key areas of interest and experience are in the fields of innovation and knowledge management, innovativeness, clusters and networks, and regional development. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1126 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T Heading for a FALL: A Framework for Agile Living Lab Projects %A Tanguy Coenen %A Sarie Robijt %K agile %K design science research %K lean UX %K living labs %K methodology %K SCRUM %X Living lab methodologies need to enhance reactivity to changing requirements as these appear in a project. Agile methods allow for quick reactivity, but have been critiqued for not sufficiently taking into account the end-user perspective. In this article, we describe how to blend living lab methodologies with agile methods and, to this end, we present a Framework for Agile Living Lab projects (FALL). To make the framework actionable, we propose a number of actor roles. With concrete examples from living lab practice and a discussion of the theoretical basis, this article is relevant to both academics and practitioners. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 37-43 %8 01/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1048 %N 1 %1 imec Tanguy Coenen is head of the software application prototyping team at imec and has a PhD in Business Administration from the Solvay Management School of the Vrije Universiteit Brussel in Belgium. During his career, he has been involved in many living lab projects, both at the national and the European levels. Tanguy fosters a variety of research interests but is focused on a “City of Things” project, which is applying living lab concepts to achieve the vision of a city as a living lab innovation platform. %2 Sarie Robijt currently works as a Service Design professional in retail business. As a service designer, she takes up several roles from user experience analyst to workshop facilitator and innovation coach. During her time at VRT Proeftuin, she worked on setting up and maintaining a living lab in the media innovation industry. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1048 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T Initiating a New Research Phase in the Field of International Entrepreneurship: An Interview with Professor Nicole Coviello %A Nicole Coviello %A Stoyan Tanev %K born global %K definitions %K international business %K international entrepreneurship %K international new ventures %K internationalization %K lean and global startups %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 52-56 %8 05/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1077 %N 5 %1 Wilfrid Laurier University Nicole Coviello is the Lazaridis Research Professor and Professor of Marketing at Wilfrid Laurier University in Waterloo, Canada. She received her PhD in Marketing and International Business from the University of Auckland, New Zealand, in 1994. She also holds an MSc (Technology Management) and BComm Hons (Marketing) from the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Canada. Dr. Coviello began her career at the University of Waikato, New Zealand, and has since held positions at the University of Calgary, Canada, and the University of Auckland. In 2010, she received an Honorary Doctorate from the Turku School of Economics in Finland. Dr. Coviello has published in the top journals across three disciplines – marketing, international business, and entrepreneurship. In 2014, she was ranked as one of the top scholars in International Marketing and among the top 20 International Business scholars. She is Field Editor for both marketing and international entrepreneurship at the Journal of Business Venturing. %2 Southern Denmark University Stoyan Tanev is an Associate Professor in the Department of Technology and Innovation, Faculty of Engineering, Southern Denmark University (SDU) in Odense. Dr. Tanev is leading the Technology Entrepreneurship stream of the Master Program of Product Development and Innovation at SDU. He is also an Adjunct Research Professor in the Sprott School of Business at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, where he is associated with the Technology Innovation Management Program. He has a MSc and a PhD in Physics jointly from the University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris, France, and the University of Sofia, Bulgaria, a PhD in Theology from the University of Sofia, Bulgaria, an MEng in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University, Canada, and an MA from the University of Sherbrooke, Canada. He has multidisciplinary research interests with a focus on the fields of global technology entrepreneurship, technology innovation management, business model design, and value co-creation. Dr. Tanev is Senior IEEE member, as well as member of the editorial boards of the Technology Innovation Management Review, the International Journal of Actor-Network Theory, and Technological Innovation. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1077 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T Overcoming Barriers to Experimentation in Business-to-Business Living Labs %A Ruben D’Hauwers %A Aron-Levi Herregodts %A Annabel Georges %A Lynn Coorevits %A Dimitri Schuurman %A Olivier Rits %A Pieter Ballon %K B2B %K experimentation %K living labs %K testing %K user research %X Business-to-business (B2B) living lab projects have been mentioned in different areas of academic research, but the innovation management literature requires deeper analysis of their potential opportunities and challenges. Real-life experimentation is a key requirement for living labs as it enables deeper insights in the potential success of innovations. However, the literature has not provided insights on how living lab projects can implement real-life experimentation in B2B innovation projects and does not describe appropriate conditions for experimentation in these settings. In this study, we identified three main barriers preventing real-life experimentation in B2B living lab projects: the technological complexity, the need for integration, and the difficulty in identifying testers. The barriers are discussed in detailed and potential solutions are provided to help overcome these barriers and stimulate the adoption of real-life experimentation in B2B innovation projects. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 20-26 %8 02/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1054 %N 2 %1 imec – SMIT – VUB Ruben D’Hauwers is a Researcher at imec-SMIT-VUB in Belgium. He holds a master’s degrees in Business Engineering (2011) and Innovation and Entrepreneurship (2013). He has also worked in the field of business development in two different organizations. He joined imec in 2014 and focuses on business-to-business research, business modelling, and on capturing and validating the assumptions throughout the innovation process. %2 imec – MICT – Ghent University Aron-Levi Herregodts is a User Expert at imec.livinglabs and an affiliated researcher at imec – MICT – Ghent University in Belgium. He holds master’s degrees in Communication Sciences (2013) and Complementary Business Economics (2014). As a user expert, his role is to translate user behaviour, needs, and wants into tangible recommendations to provide structure to the innovation process of both SMEs and large organizations. His main research interests include open innovation, user innovation, organizational learning, intermediary activities, and user-centric design and methodologies. He is also preparing a PhD on the configuration of intermediary user-oriented activities with innovation-relevant actors for distinct types of entrepreneurs and innovations. %3 imec – MICT – Ghent University Annabel Georges is a Junior Researcher in the research group at imec – MICT – Ghent University in Belgium. She holds a master’s degree in Communication Sciences from Ghent University, with a specialization in New Media and Society. Her main interests are domestication theory, field tests, and improvements to living lab practices. %4 imec – MICT – Ghent University Lynn Coorevits is a Senior User Researcher for imec – MICT – Ghent University in Belgium, where she focuses on tools and techniques for open and user innovation, such as sensors and design thinking. Her current research focuses on the adoption and attrition of wearables as well as optimization of context integration in living lab projects. She works on several SME living lab projects ranging from the financial to social industry. She holds master’s degrees in Psychology and in Marketing Analysis from Ghent University and has 9 years of experience in innovation research and consultancy. %# imec – MICT – Ghent University Dimitri Schuurman is the Team Lead in User Research at imec.livinglabs and a Senior Researcher at imec – MICT – Ghent University in Belgium. He holds a PhD and a Master’s degree in Communication Sciences from Ghent University. Together with his imec colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at entrepreneurs in which he has managed over 100 innovation projects. Dimitri is responsible for the methodology and academic valorization of these living lab projects and coordinates a dynamic team of living lab researchers. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. His PhD thesis was entitled Bridging the Gap between Open and User Innovation? Exploring the Value of Living Labs as a Means to Structure User Contribution and Manage Distributed Innovation. %$ SMIT Olivier Rits holds a master’s degree in Applied Physics (Engineering) from the Ghent University in Belgium. Previously, Olivier worked as a business developer for Alcatel-Lucent, where he was involved with many different technologies. Within SMIT, Olivier is leading the business modelling practice in the context of SME living lab innovation projects. With a team of researchers, he is organizing business model workshops and stakeholder interviews to apply business model methodologies to link the user feedback and insights to the business model aspects of the SME’s strategy. Olivier is also involved in business modelling efforts in research projects dealing with ICT in general, with a specific interest in M2M and IoT and mobile telecommunications. %] imec.livinglabs Pieter Ballon is the Academic Lead of imec.livinglabs, the International Secretary of the European Network of Living Labs, and Director of the research group imec-SMIT at Vrije Universiteit Brussel in Belgium. He specializes in business modelling, open innovation, and the mobile telecommunications industry. Formerly, he was Senior Consultant and Team Leader at TNO. From 2006–2007, he was the coordinator of the cross issue on business models of the Wireless World Initiative (WWI), which united five integrated projects in the European Union’s 6th Framework Programme. Pieter holds a PhD in Communication Sciences from Vrije Universiteit Brussel and an MA in Modern History from Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1054 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T Taking Real-Life Seriously: An Approach to Decomposing Context Beyond “Environment” in Living Labs %A Lynn Coorevits %A An Jacobs %K context %K innovation process %K Living lab %K real-life %X The maturity of living labs has grown over the years and researchers have developed a uniform definition by emphasizing the multi-method and real-life, contextual approach. The latter predominantly focuses on the in situ use of a product during field trials where users are observed in their everyday life. Researchers thus recognize the importance of context in living labs, but do not provide adequate insights into how context can be taken into consideration. Therefore, the contribution of this article is twofold. By means of a case study, we show how field trials can be evaluated in a more structural way to cover all dimensions of context and how this same framework can be used to evaluate context in the front end of design. This framework implies that living lab researchers are no longer dependent on the technological readiness level of a product to evaluate all dimensions of context. By using the proposed framework, living lab researchers can improve the overall effectiveness of methods used to gather and analyze data in a living lab project. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 26-36 %8 01/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1047 %N 1 %1 imec-MICT-Ghent University Lynn Coorevits is a Senior User Researcher for imec-MICT-Ghent University, where she focuses on tools and techniques for open and user innovation, such as sensors and design thinking. Her current research focuses on the adoption and attrition of wearables as well as optimization of context integration in living lab projects. She works on several SME living lab projects ranging from the financial to social industry. She holds master’s degrees in Psychology and in Marketing Analysis from Ghent University in Belgium and has 9 years of experience in innovation research and consultancy. %2 imec-SMIT-VUB An Jacobs is an Assistant professor at imec SMIT (Vrije Universiteit Brussel), Belgium. Since 2005, she has participated in and coordinated various European Union and Flemish projects with a focus on digital innovations, human-centred design, and living lab methodologies. As a methodologist, she supports the Care Living Labs Flanders. One of her current research interests is on human–robot collaboration, with current and finished projects in hospital, care, and manufacturing settings. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1047 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T Creating Brand India: Strategies, Issues, and Challenges %A Alok Chakrawal %A Pratibha Goyal %K Brand India %K challenges %K economic growth %K entrepreneurship %K government initiatives %K innovation %K Make in India %X Just like a product, person, or institution, a country also has an impression in the minds of people. A brand distinguishes the product of one seller from those of the others. With the Indian Prime Minister's recent call to "Make in India", brand building is receiving more attention and momentum in the country. India is the largest democratic country with the highest GDP, and it is becoming a favourable destination for the global investment giants. But, despite various strengths and successes in image building, the country faces challenges in creating a sustainable, conducive environment for making India a production hub of the world. Bureaucracy, corruption, delay in clearance of business proposals, ethical standards and work culture, tax reforms, political interventions, socio-economic barriers, regionalism, etc. are some of the challenges that must be coped with. This article examines these various issues and challenges that must be overcome in creating Brand India. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 5-9 %8 05/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/985 %N 5 %1 Saurashtra University Alok Chakrawal is a Professor of Commerce and Business Administration, and the Coordinator of the Internal Quality Assurance Cell (IQAC) at Saurashtra University in Rajkot, India. He holds MCom and PhD degrees, for which he was awarded a Gold Medal upon graduation followed by a Junior Research Fellowship from the University Grants Commission. He is an accomplished international speaker and award-winning author of academic papers and books, particularly in the domain of stress management. He has been the General Manager and Director of SKSE Securities Ltd., Rajkot, and Controller of Examination of Saurashtra University. He also sits on various boards and committees at national and international levels. %2 Punjab Agricultural University Pratibha Goyal is Professor and Director of the School of Business Studies at Punjab Agricultural University in Ludhiana, India. She received her MBA from Guru Nanak Dev University in, Amritsar, India, and her PhD from Punjabi University in Patiala, India. She began her career as a Deputy Manager of Human Resources in a leading industry. Her immense love for mentoring young minds saw a shift in her career when she joined the faculty of Management in Punajbi University, Patiala, and later in Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. She has been the Principal Investigator of three major research projects of the University Grants Commission and has participated in several national seminars, conferences, and symposia. She is on the Board of Directors of Hero Cycles Limited. She has authored five internationally acclaimed books, besides being Executive Editor of the Effective Management journal. She has published several notable research papers in national and international journals and has guided many scholars in their research projects. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/985 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T Developing Tacit Knowledge of Complex Systems: The Value of Early Empirical Inquiry in Healthcare Design %A Chantal Trudel %A Sue Cobb %A Kathryn Momtahan %A Janet Brintnell %A Ann Mitchell %K design research %K ergonomics %K healthcare design %K human factors %K infection prevention and control %K knowledge mobilization %K neonatal intensive care unit %X Infection prevention and control has been the subject of much study in medical and epidemiological research and a variety of best practice guidelines have been developed to support healthcare workers and related stakeholders. Yet, despite the availability of information, managing healthcare-associated infections remains a challenge because the relevant explicit knowledge is not being adequately developed and mobilized as tacit knowledge for use "on the front lines". Some researchers have called for a human factors perspective to help address challenges in designing for infection prevention and control, but relatively few studies have been conducted to date. Researchers also suggest that empirical inquiry is needed to better inform the design process, and particularly the design of complex systems where attention to detailed processes and interactions can support the success of an intervention. A human factors approach can help designers develop a deeper understanding of work processes, technology considerations, as well as physiological, psychological, cultural, and organizational factors. The need is particularly pressing in low-resource healthcare environments where funds, time, and human resources may be scarce and strategic design decisions based on evidence are needed to support meaningful and effective changes. With this in mind, a human factors study was conducted in an existing neonatal intensive care unit to identify the influence of product and environment design on infection prevention and control and to inform recommendations for improvement. In this case study, we illustrate how the application of an empirical, methodical approach can help design professionals and stakeholders develop tacit knowledge of complex systems – knowledge that can be used to better inform design priorities, the design process, decision making, and the allocation of resources to help maximize improvements. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 28-38 %8 09/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1017 %N 9 %1 Carleton University Chantal Trudel is an Assistant Professor at Carleton University’s School of Industrial Design in Ottawa, Canada. Chantal draws on her background in industrial design (B.I.D, Carleton University), human factors and ergonomics (MSc, University of Nottingham) and 10 years professional experience in commercial and healthcare design to support her research. Chantal is interested in human-centred and participatory design methods to improve our understanding and design of peoples’ experiences within complex systems. %2 University of Nottingham Sue Cobb is Associate Professor and Head of the Human Factors Research Group in the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Nottingham in the United Kingdom. Sue has been working in this group for 30 years. Over this period she has worked on many projects involving analysis of user requirements and user feedback or opinion on a variety of issues in contexts including industrial workplaces, educational settings, and community environments. Her specialist interest is in multi-disciplinary research and the use of user-centred and participatory design methods in a variety of contexts including special education and healthcare. %3 Kathryn Momtahan has 10 years of critical care nursing experience and a PhD in Experimental Psychology, focusing on healthcare human factors. Dr. Momtahan's human factors professional experience includes several years working in the hi-tech sector and fourteen years in a research-lead capacity in a hospital environment. She has published in human factors, healthcare, and engineering journals and holds several adjunct professor appointments in various faculties and programs including engineering, psychology, nursing, business, and human–computer interaction. %4 The Ottawa Hospital Ann Mitchell is the Director of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Newborn Care at The Ottawa Hospital. Ann has 28 years of experience in NICU and maternal newborn care in a variety of clinical, regional, and administrative roles. Her current focus is on staff and patient safety, engaging families, and improving the patient experience. %# The Ottawa Hospital Janet Brintnell is the Corporate Clinical Manager of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Special Care Nursery at The Ottawa Hospital. Her nursing career spans 32 years of which 26 have been focused in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Her experience ranges from a clinical bedside capacity to her current role with an administrative focus while constantly maintaining a critical focus on the delivery of family-centered care and best practices. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1017 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T Editorial: Cybersecurity (February 2016) %A Chris McPhee %A Dan Craigen %K cybersecurity %K intrusion %K licensing %K literature reviews %K machine learning %K malware %K multisided platforms %K new domains %K open source %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 3-4 %8 02/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/962 %N 2 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen's University in Kingston, Canada. He has over 15 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Communications Security Establishment Dan Craigen is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment in Canada and a Visiting Scholar in the Technology Innovation Management Program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. Previously, he was President of ORA Canada, a company that focused on High Assurance/Formal Methods and distributed its technology to over 60 countries. His research interests include formal methods, the science of cybersecurity, and technology transfer. He was the chair of two NATO research task groups pertaining to validation, verification, and certification of embedded systems and high-assurance technologies. He received his BScH and MSc degrees in Mathematics from Carleton University. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/962 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T Rejuvenating the Cider Route in Quebec: An Action Design Research Approach to Stakeholder Collaboration and Innovation %A L. Martin Cloutier %A Laurent Renard %A Sébastien Arcand %A E. Michael Laviolette %K action design research %K agrotourism %K boundary object %K Cider Route %K stakeholder collaboration %X This article examines the problem of rejuvenating collaboration for innovation among cideries (cider producers) and the regional tourism association as the historical key stakeholders of the Cider Route of the Montérégie region in Quebec, Canada. The article reports on the initial steps of an action design research approach to support the stakeholders of the Cider Route in designing an innovative solution in response to numerous challenges they face, including a lack of new initiatives and steeply declining membership among cideries. The first step of the action design research was to define the problem: to renew the collaborative process among the Cider Route stakeholders by redefining the vision, mission, and strategy leading to an artifact proposal that could take the form of a mobile application. Thus, the notion of a boundary object is employed – in relation to the process of designing an information technology artifact in the form of a mobile application for the Cider Route – as a way to understand the need to collaborate to innovate in this context. The article also reports on the ongoing second step of the action design research process, which consists of supporting the collaborative process using group concept mapping. The group concept mapping method was suggested to guide and sustain the collaborative process over time because it is a participatory, bottom-up, mixed-methods approach to evaluation and planning. The group concept mapping, applied within the action design research approach, could be helpful in two ways: first, to define the rejuvenated vision, mission, and strategy for the Cider Route; second, to define the specific functionalities of the mobile application for the Cider Route. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 6-17 %8 11/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1030 %N 11 %1 University of Quebec at Montreal (UQAM) L. Martin Cloutier is a Professor in the Department of Management and Technology in the School of Management at the University of Quebec at Montreal (UQAM), Canada. He holds a PhD degree from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and received BSc and MSc degrees from McGill University in Montreal. He was the Master’s Program Director in Management Information Systems from 2003 to 2016. His research program focuses on product, process, technological, and organizational innovation management; decision processes and tools for group decision making; mixed-methods research designs; and design science research. He has published thirty refereed articles, many on system-related management problems using system dynamics and group concept mapping. Professor Cloutier has initiated or led twenty group concept mapping projects in Canada and internationally in various areas including entrepreneurship, technological startups, continuous improvement, technology adoption and use, IT strategy design, and strategic development in cider and wine production. %2 University of Quebec at Montreal (UQAM) Laurent Renard is a Professor in the Department of Management and Technology in the School of Management at the University of Quebec at Montreal (UQAM), Canada. He holds a PhD degree in Business Administration and a Master’s degree in Sociology, both from the University of Quebec at Montreal (UQAM). He is currently the Master’s Program Director in Information Technology in the School of Management UQAM. His research program focuses on e-tourism and strategy; IT strategic management; business analysis; and design science research. He has some twenty publications including articles, book chapters, and conference proceedings. He is also one of the editors of the book Les capacités de l’organisation en débat.. %3 HEC Montreal Sébastien Arcand is an Associate Professor and the Head of the Department of Management at HEC Montreal, Canada. His main teaching and publishing interests are in the area of cross-cultural management, socio-economic integration of immigrants, and the links between culture, identity, and entrepreneurship. Some of his teaching activities take place in Colombia. Besides his research and teaching activities, he works frequently with organizations helping them to build a strategic diversity management approach. He holds a PhD in Sociology from University of Montreal and is a Qualified Administrator for the Intercultural Development Inventory, a cross-cultural assessment of intercultural competence for individuals and organizations. %4 Toulouse Business School E. Michael Laviolette is a Professor of Entrepreneurship and Strategy at Toulouse Business School and an Associate Researcher at MAGELLAN-IAE in Lyon, France. He holds a doctorate degree and a post-doctorate certification for scientific direction (HDR) in Management, awarded at IAE-University of Lyon and ISEM-University of Montpellier, respectively. His research builds on resource-based, dynamic capabilities and network theories to analyze entrepreneurial and innovation processes within broader and diverse socio-economic systems. He has published several articles on spin-offs in SMEs, entrepreneurial skills and leadership development in incubators, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and role models in educational programs, policy-based clusters as institutions. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1030 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T TIM Lecture Series – An Introduction to Intellectual Property for Entrepreneurs %A Elizabeth Collinson %K Canada %K CIPO %K copyright %K entrepreneurship %K industrial design %K intellectual property %K patents %K startups %K trade secrets %K trademarks %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 27-29 %8 05/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/989 %N 5 %1 Canadian Intellectual Property Office Elizabeth Collinson is a Project Officer in the Outreach Program of the Canadian Intellectual Property Office (CIPO), where she has worked for more than 20 years in the Trademarks Branch, the Copyright and Industrial Design Branch, and the Information Branch. She has held various roles including Examiner, Policy and Training Officer, Supervisor, Business Development Officer, Project Officer and she was successful in acquiring Trademark Agent status. Currently, Elizabeth works in an Outreach team promoting the awareness and further education of intellectual property. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/989 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T TIM Lecture Series – Insights from Success and Failure in Technology Businesses %A Chris McPhee %A Peter Carbone %A Sean Silcoff %K Blackberry %K book launch %K innovation %K insights %K lessons %K management %K Nortel %K Research in Motion %K technology %K technology innovation management review %K TIM Review %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 36-39 %8 02/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/967 %N 2 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen's University in Kingston, Canada. He has over 15 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Peter Carbone is a successful executive known for his thought leadership, business acumen, and technology leadership. He is often called on to address new business and technology challenges. Peter is a pathfinder with a track record of creating innovative solutions, strategically managing technology and innovation, successfully launching and running new businesses, and leading business development initiatives. Peter has held CTO, R&D, and senior business positions in several high-tech companies, and he has led or been directly involved with several technology company acquisitions. Peter has been engaged as technical advisor to startups, is part of the faculty of an entrepreneur development program that has created >100 new companies, and has been on the boards of US-based Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS) and a not-for-profit economic development company. He is past Vice-Chair of the Executive Committee of the Information Technology Association of Canada (ITAC) and Chair of an ITAC committee, which is focused on the Global Competitiveness of Canada’s Knowledge Economy. Peter is also a member of the Advisory Board and Review Board of the Technology Innovation Management Review. %3 The Globe & Mail Sean Silcoff is co-author of Losing the Signal and a business writer with The Globe & Mail, Canada's National Newspaper. During his 21-year career in journalism and communications, he has covered just about every area of business, from agriculture to the credit crisis, toys to airplane manufacturing and steel to startups. He previously worked at the National Post as well as Canadian Business Magazine, where he oversaw publication of the inaugural edition of the Rich 100, the magazine’s annual survey of Canada’s wealthiest people. Sean is a two-time winner of the National Newspaper Award, the Montreal Economic Institute Economic Education Prize and the Hon. Edward Goff Penny Memorial Prize for Young Canadian Journalists. He led The Globe & Mail’s coverage of the fall of BlackBerry. Sean has a business degree from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada, and a journalism degree from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/967 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Agile New Service Development in an Interdisciplinary Context %A Sabrina Cocca %A Ann-Mareen Franke %A Simone Schell %K agile %K engineering and automation %K interdisciplinarity %K KIBS %K knowledge-intensive business services %K life sciences %K new service development %K service engineering %X This article it shows the role of services in a highly interdisciplinary context: promoting cooperation between organizations in the life sciences industry and in the engineering and automation industry. It provides insights on how required offerings of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) are developed systematically based on a simple service engineering process model. In addition to the content-related view of new service development, findings from a meta-view are presented. Cooperating researchers and practitioners in the new-service development process observed their own collaboration and how the applied service engineering model had to be modified dynamically to the requirements of the use case. The results show that an easy-to-use service engineering model in a highly interdisciplinary context has benefits, but success is dependent on the joint efforts of an accordingly interdisciplinary team of engineers and natural scientists; a close communication with the customers both from the life sciences industry and the engineering and automation industry; and a more agile approach. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 33-45 %8 02/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/872 %N 2 %1 Fraunhofer IAO Sabrina Verena Cocca is Researcher and Project Manager in the Competence Team for New Service Development at Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO in Stuttgart, Germany. She holds a Dipl. rer. com. in Communication Science from the University of Hohenheim, also in Stuttgart, Germany, with a focus on information and communication technology and corporate communications. She has worked on different scientific research projects in the field of green services, user integration in the development of new services, and the integration of service and product lifecycle management. %2 BioRegio STERN Management GmbH Ann-Mareen Franke is a Project Manager at BioRegio STERN Management GmbH, where she assembles cross-industry projects to develop pioneering technologies for efficient production processes for life sciences companies. Dr. Franke studied Biology at the University of Tübingen in Germany, after which she joined the German Cancer Research Center in Heidelberg, Germany. Her work on special issues in carcinogenesis earned her a doctorate at the Faculty of Biosciences at Heidelberg University in 2013. Dr. Franke is a multi-skilled professional with a proven track record of managing complex projects in interdisciplinary environments. %3 BioRegio STERN Management GmbH Simone Schell is a Bio- and Process Technology Engineer at BioRegio STERN Management GmbH, where she uses her interdisciplinary knowledge of science and engineering within the ELSA project to connect the life sciences industry with the automation and engineering sector. This article arose from a portion of her Business Engineering Master's thesis on service development for knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) at Baden-Württemberg Cooperative State University in Germany. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/872 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T A Design Science Approach to Constructing Critical Infrastructure and Communicating Cybersecurity Risks %A Steven Muegge %A Dan Craigen %K advanced persistent threats %K critical infrastructures %K cybersecurity %K design propositions %K design science %K resilience %X Academics are increasingly examining the approaches individuals and organizations use to construct critical infrastructure and communicate cybersecurity risks. Recent studies conclude that owners and operators of critical infrastructures, as well as governments, do not disclose reliable information related to cybersecurity risks and that cybersecurity specialists manipulate cognitive limitations to overdramatize and oversimplify cybersecurity risks to critical infrastructures. This article applies a design science perspective to the challenge of securing critical infrastructure by developing a process anchored around evidence-based design principles. The proposed process is expected to enable learning across critical infrastructures, improve the way risks to critical infrastructure are communicated, and improve the quality of the responses to citizens’ demands for their governments to collect, validate, and disseminate reliable information on cybersecurity risks to critical infrastructures. These results will be of interest to the general public, vulnerable populations, owners and operators of critical infrastructures, and various levels of governments worldwide. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 6-16 %8 06/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/902 %N 6 %1 Carleton University Steven Muegge is an Assistant Professor at the Sprott School of Business at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, where he teaches and leads a research program within Carleton’s Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program. His research, teaching, and community service interests include technology entrepreneurship and commercialization, non-traditional settings for innovation and entrepreneurship (business ecosystems, communities, platforms, and interconnected systems that combine these elements), and business models of technology entrepreneurs (especially in non-traditional settings). %2 Communications Security Establishment Dan Craigen is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment in Canada and a Visiting Scholar at the Technology Innovation Management Program of Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. Previously, he was President of ORA Canada, a company that focused on High Assurance/Formal Methods and distributed its technology to over 60 countries. His research interests include formal methods, the science of cybersecurity, and technology transfer. He was the chair of two NATO research task groups pertaining to validation, verification, and certification of embedded systems and high-assurance technologies. He received his BScH and MSc degrees in Mathematics from Carleton University. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/902 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Editorial: Critical Infrastructures and Cybersecurity (June 2015) %A Chris McPhee %A Dan Craigen %A Steven Muegge %K botnet %K club theory %K critical infrastructure %K cybersecurity %K design principles %K design science %K healthcare %K networked medical devices %K project management maturity model %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 3-5 %8 06/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/901 %N 6 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen's University in Kingston, Canada. He has over 15 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Communications Security Establishment Dan Craigen is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment in Canada and a Visiting Scholar at the Technology Innovation Management Program of Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. Previously, he was President of ORA Canada, a company that focused on High Assurance/Formal Methods and distributed its technology to over 60 countries. His research interests include formal methods, the science of cybersecurity, and technology transfer. He was the chair of two NATO research task groups pertaining to validation, verification, and certification of embedded systems and high-assurance technologies. He received his BScH and MSc degrees in Mathematics from Carleton University. %3 Carleton University Steven Muegge is an Assistant Professor at the Sprott School of Business at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, where he teaches and leads a research program within Carleton’s Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program. His research, teaching, and community service interests include technology entrepreneurship and commercialization, non-traditional settings for innovation and entrepreneurship (business ecosystems, communities, platforms, and interconnected systems that combine these elements), and business models of technology entrepreneurs (especially in non-traditional settings). %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/901 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Establishing New Codes for Creativity through Haute Cuisine: The Case of Ferran Adrià and elBulli %A Ignasi Capdevila %A Patrick Cohendet %A Laurent Simon %K ambidexterity %K creative process %K creativity %K elBulli %K exploitation %K exploration %K Ferran Adrià %K gastronomy %K haute cuisine %K innovation %X Ferran Adrià is one of the most recognized chefs in the world. His restaurant, elBulli, was awarded five times the title of the Best Restaurant in the World. Through an analysis of the last 30 years of the creative journey of elBulli, this contribution highlights that Adrià and his team of chefs succeeded in articulating two different processes: i) a process of creativity that aimed at defining a new “school” of high cuisine and ii) a process of innovation that was expressed by the new gastronomic experiences offered to the (happy few) customers of the restaurant until its closure in 2011. A careful examination of the coupling and decoupling of these two processes shows how they fueled each other, and how the management of the organization (through a specific type of ambidexterity) was conducive to the adequate articulation of the two processes. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 25-33 %8 07/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/911 %N 7 %1 Paris School of Business Ignasi Capdevila is an Associate Professor at PSB Paris School of Business in France, and he is a member of Mosaic, the Creativity & Innovation Hub at HEC Montréal, Canada, where he obtained his PhD. Ignasi also holds three engineer diplomas from Spain and France, in addition to an Executive MBA from ESADE Business School in Barcelona, Spain. His research interests include localized knowledge creation and transfer, and creativity and innovation management in organizations and in urban environments. Prior to his academic career, Ignasi gained twelve years of experience in the automotive industry in Spain, France, Germany, and Sweden, during which time he was responsible for the development of new products and projects. %2 HEC Montréal Patrick Cohendet is a Professor in the Department of International Business at the HEC Montréal business school in Montreal, Canada, where he is also the Co-Director of Mosaic, the Creativity & Innovation Hub. His research interests include the economics of innovation, knowledge management, and the economics of knowledge and creativity. He is the author of numerous articles and books including La Gestion des connaissances: firmes et communautés de savoir (2006) and The Architectures of Knowledge: Firms, Capabilities and Communities (2004). He was principal investigator of numerous research projects at BETA, a research lab at the University of Strasbourg, France, studying the economic and social impact of new technologies. He has conducted a series of economic studies on innovation for different firms and organizations, notably for the European Commission, the OECD, the Council of Europe, and the European Space Agency. %3 HEC Montréal Laurent Simon is an Associate Professor in the Department of Entrepreneurship and Innovation at the HEC Montréal business school in Montreal, Canada, where he is also the Co-Director of Mosaic, the Creativity & Innovation Hub. His current research focuses on characterizing the management of techno-creative projects and the study of creative environments and practices, the management of creative projects, creative communities, "creative cities", and the determinants of creativity in innovation management. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/911 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Introduction to the Special Issue on Creativity in Innovation %A Patrick Cohendet %A Laurent Simon %K creativity %K ideas %K ideation %K innovation %K management %X Managing creativity for innovation is a key challenge in today’s economy; therefore, the management of ideas will play in increasing role in driving the growth and resilience of organizations. Rather than simple inspired insights, ideas have to be addressed as complex socio-cognitive processes, to be organized and managed. To benefit from the full value of new ideas, management must constantly balance the formal and the informal, the logic of creation and the logic of production, and must learn to couple idea-generation processes and innovation processes through renewed knowledge management practices. In this introduction to the Technology Innovation Management Review's special issue on Creativity in Innovation, the guest editors highlight the need to manage: i) ideation processes to foster creativity, ii) the tension that exists between the logic of creation and production; and iii) disruptive innovation to transform a traditional industry. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 5-13 %8 07/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/909 %N 7 %1 HEC Montréal Patrick Cohendet is a Professor in the Department of International Business at the HEC Montréal business school in Montreal, Canada, where he is also the Co-Director of Mosaic, the Creativity & Innovation Hub. His research interests include the economics of innovation, knowledge management, and the economics of knowledge and creativity. He is the author of numerous articles and books including La Gestion des connaissances: firmes et communautés de savoir (2006) and The Architectures of Knowledge: Firms, Capabilities and Communities (2004). He was principal investigator of numerous research projects at BETA, a research lab at the University of Strasbourg, France, studying the economic and social impact of new technologies. He has conducted a series of economic studies on innovation for different firms and organizations, notably for the European Commission, the OECD, the Council of Europe, and the European Space Agency. %2 HEC Montréal Laurent Simon is an Associate Professor in the Department of Entrepreneurship and Innovation at the HEC Montréal business school in Montreal, Canada, where he is also the Co-Director of Mosaic, the Creativity & Innovation Hub. His current research focuses on characterizing the management of techno-creative projects and the study of creative environments and practices, the management of creative projects, creative communities, "creative cities", and the determinants of creativity in innovation management. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/909 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Secure by Design: Cybersecurity Extensions to Project Management Maturity Models for Critical Infrastructure Projects %A Jay Payette %A Esther Anegbe %A Erika Caceres %A Steven Muegge %K C2M2 %K capability maturity models %K CERT RMM %K critical infrastructures %K cybersecurity %K NIST %K P3M3 %K PjM3 %K project management %X Many systems that comprise our critical infrastructures – including electricity, transportation, healthcare, and financial systems – are designed and deployed as information technology (IT) projects using project management practices. IT projects provide a one-time opportunity to securely "design in" cybersecurity to the IT components of critical infrastructures. The project management maturity models used by organizations today to assess the quality and rigour of IT project management practices do not explicitly consider cybersecurity. This article makes three contributions to address this gap. First, it develops the argument that cybersecurity can and should be a concern of IT project managers and assessed in the same way as other project management capabilities. Second, it examines three widely used cybersecurity maturity models – i) the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) framework for improving critical infrastructure cybersecurity, ii) the United States Department of Energy’s Cybersecurity Capability Maturity Model (C2M2), and iii) the CERT Resilience Management Model (CERT RMM) from the Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute – to identify six cybersecurity themes that are salient to IT project management. Third, it proposes a set of cybersecurity extensions to PjM3, a widely-deployed project management maturity model. The extensions take the form of a five-level cybersecurity capability perspective that augments the seven standard perspectives of the PjM3 by explicitly assessing project management capabilities that impact the six themes where IT project management and cybersecurity intersect. This article will be relevant to IT project managers, the top management teams of organizations that design and deploy IT systems for critical infrastructures, and managers at organizations that provide and maintain critical infrastructures. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 26-34 %8 06/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/904 %N 6 %1 Carleton University Jay Payette is a graduate student in the Masters of Design program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and is the Managing Principal of Payette Consulting. Jay founded Payette Consulting in 2011 to help clients balance the consistent results of repeatable business processes and analytic decision making, with the fuzzy world of creativity. His research has focused on applying design-thinking principles to business model generation, strategy, and project delivery. Prior to founding Payette Consulting, Jay worked for the Canadian consulting practice of Accenture and as an independent IT Project Manager. %2 Carleton University Esther Anegbe is a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. She also holds a Bachelor's degree in Computer Engineering from Ladoke Akintola University of Technology in Nigeria. She worked as a Technology Analyst with a leading Investment Management Firm in Lagos, Nigeria (Sankore Global Investments), where she formed part of the technology team that developed, deployed, and provided support for the financial software projects that expanded the market reach of the firm’s stock brokerage and wealth management subsidiaries. She is currently working on a startup (Tech Wits) to provide enterprise solutions and services to startups in their accelerators and incubators. %3 Carleton University Erika Caceres is a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. She holds a Bachelor's degree in Technology Information Management from The University of Yucatan, Mexico. She previous worked as an innovation consultant at I+D+i Hub, a leading technology transfer office in Merida, Mexico, where she formed part of the management team to produce innovation projects that were submitted for funding to the government to help accelerate the economy in the south of Mexico. She is currently working on Volunteer Safe, an online startup that pre-screens and licenses volunteers and connects them to volunteer opportunities aligned to their profile. %4 Carleton University Steven Muegge is an Assistant Professor at the Sprott School of Business at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, where he teaches and leads a research program within Carleton’s Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program. His research, teaching, and community service interests include technology entrepreneurship and commercialization, non-traditional settings for innovation and entrepreneurship (business ecosystems, communities, platforms, and interconnected systems that combine these elements), and business models of technology entrepreneurs (especially in non-traditional settings). %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/904 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T TIM Lecture Series – Communicating Strategy: How Drawing Can Create Better Engagement %A Stephen Cummings %K communicating %K drawing %K frameworks %K illustrations %K strategic management %K strategy %K SWOT %K visual communication %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 44-48 %8 08/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/922 %N 8 %1 Victoria University of Wellington Stephen Cummings is Professor of Strategy and ICMCI Academic Fellow at Victoria Business School, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. He has published on strategy, creativity, and management history in a range of journals including the Academy of Management Learning and Education Journal, Academy of Management Perspectives, Human Relations, Long Range Planning, and Organization Studies. He has also written, co-written and edited a number of books promoting creative approaches to strategy development. These include Recreating Strategy (2002), Images of Strategy (2003), Creative Strategy (2010), The Handbook of Management and Creativity (2014), and Strategy Builder: How to Create and Communicate More Effective Strategies (2015). %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/922 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T TIM Lecture Series – Three Collaborations Enabling Cybersecurity %A Deborah Frincke %A Dan Craigen %A Ned Nadima %A Arthur Low %A Michael Thomas %K book launch %K collaboration %K cybersecurity %K entrepreneurship %K NSA %K research %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 45-48 %8 06/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/906 %N 6 %1 National Security Agency Deborah Frincke is the Director of Research for the National Security Agency/Central Security Service in the United States. Dr. Frincke's research spans a broad cross section of computer security, both open and classified, with a particular emphasis on infrastructure defense and computer security education. She has been a member of several editorial boards, including: Journal of Computer Security, the Elsevier International Journal of Computer Networks, and the International Journal of Information and Computer Security, and she co-edits a Board column for IEEE Security and Privacy. She is a steering committee member for Recent Advances in Intrusion Detection (RAID) and Systematic Advances in Digital Forensic Engineering (SADFE). Dr. Frincke received her PhD from the University of California, Davis in 1992. %2 Communications Security Establishment Dan Craigen is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment in Canada and a Visiting Scholar at the Technology Innovation Management Program of Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. Previously, he was President of ORA Canada, a company that focused on High Assurance/Formal Methods and distributed its technology to over 60 countries. His research interests include formal methods, the science of cybersecurity, and technology transfer. He was the chair of two NATO research task groups pertaining to validation, verification, and certification of embedded systems and high-assurance technologies. He received his BScH and MSc degrees from Carleton University. %3 Denilson Ned Nadima is the Founder and Chief Executive Officer of Denilson, a company that develops mobile payment solutions for retail enterprises. He is currently a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and he holds a Bachelor's of Science degree in Commerce and Marketing from the University of Ottawa. %4 Crack Semiconductor Arthur Low is the founder and Chief Executive Officer of Crack Semiconductor, a supplier of high-performance cryptographic silicon IP used in some of the most demanding security applications. Arthur has a number of patents in the field of hardware cryptography. He has worked for a number of IC startups as a Senior IC designer and Architect and gained much of his fundamental IC design experience with Bell-Northern Research in the early 1990s and with IBM Microelectronics in the late 1990s. Arthur has a BSc degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada, and is completing his MSc degree in Technology Innovation Management in the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. %# Bedarra Research Labs Michael Thomas is the Vice President of Development at Bedarra Research Labs, a private industrial R&D lab whose mission is to seek out promising next-generation computing and communication technologies and apply them to creative solutions for emerging business problems. Prior to joining Bedarra Research Labs, he worked as a Software Developer and Release Engineer at Object Technology International. Michael holds a Master of Business Administration degree from Athabasca University in Canada, in addition to a Bachelor of Arts degree from Brock University in St. Catharines, Canada. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/906 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Toward a New Understanding of Creative Dynamics: From One-Size-Fits-All Models to Multiple and Dynamic Forms of Creativity %A Stephen Cummings %A Chris Bilton %A dt ogilvie %K action-embedded creativity %K creative dynamics %K creativities %K creativity %K creativitying %K innovation %K management %X This article proposes an alternative to a managerial "best practice" approach to creativity based on the notion of creativity as a singular concept. Our alternative draws on three fundamental ideas that are emerging in different pockets of the creativity literature in a way that can be readily conceptualized and applied in practice. The first idea is that creativity is really about "creativities", or a cluster of different and discrete qualities that can be combined to suit the context in which they operate. The second is that creativity is not static: it is about "creativitying", or the action and the practice of combining these creativities, which evolve over time. The third is that being creative in organizations is not an individual act: rather, it is the multiple activities of groups as they go about creativitying. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 14-24 %8 07/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/910 %N 7 %1 Victoria University of Wellington Stephen Cummings is Professor of Strategy and ICMCI Academic Fellow at Victoria Business School, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. He has published on strategy, creativity, and management history in a range of journals including the Academy of Management Learning and Education Journal, Academy of Management Perspectives, Human Relations, Long Range Planning, and Organization Studies. He has also written, co-written and edited a number of books promoting creative approaches to strategy development. These include Recreating Strategy (2002), Images of Strategy (2003), Creative Strategy (2010), The Handbook of Management and Creativity (2014), and Strategy Builder: How to Create and Communicate More Effective Strategies (2015). %2 University of Warwick Chris Bilton is Reader in the Centre for Cultural Policy Studies at the University of Warwick, United Kingdom, where he specializes in management of creativity and creativity of management. He is the author, editor, and co-author of several books on creative management and creative strategy and teaches modules on creative business and marketing. Chris has a background in theatre and in community arts, which he gained before entering the world of academia. His research interests include: leadership, strategy, and structure in creative organizations; cultural policy and the creative industries; and structure of the creative economy. He is currently working on a book about marketing in the creative industries, for publication in 2016. %3 Saunders College of Business/Rochester Institute of Technology dt ogilvie is Distinguished Professor of Urban Entrepreneurship and former Dean of Saunders College of Business at Rochester Institute of Technology, in New York, United States, where she founded the Center for Urban Entrepreneurship (CUE). She is formerly Professor of Business Strategy & Urban Entrepreneurship at Rutgers Business School – Newark and New Brunswick (RBS), where she founded The Center for Urban Entrepreneurship & Economic Development (CUEED) and the Scholarship Training and Enrichment Program (STEP). She has published in top journals and five of her research papers have been recognized with research awards. Her research interests include strategic decision making and the use of creativity to enhance business and battlefield decision making and applying complexity theory to strategy and creativity; executive leadership strategies of multicultural women executives; women in the executive suite; strategic thinking in the 21st century; cognition and strategic decision making; entrepreneurship and economic development of urban cities; and assessing environmental dimensions. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/910 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2014 %T Assessing Scientific Contributions: A Proposed Framework and Its Application to Cybersecurity %A Dan Craigen %K assessing science %K cybersecurity %K science of cybersecurity %K scientific contributions %K scientific progress %K societal contributions %X Through a synthesis of existing work on evaluating scientific theories and contributions, a framework for assessing scientific contributions is presented. By way of example, the framework is then applied to two contributions to the science of cybersecurity. The science of cybersecurity is slowly emerging. As the science and its theories emerge, it is important to extract the key contributions that characterize actual progress in our understanding of cybersecurity. Researchers and funding agencies will be interested in the assessment framework as a means of assessing scientific contributions to cybersecurity. In a nascent research area such as the science of cybersecurity, this article may contribute to a focused research program to accelerate the growth of the science. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 4 %P 5-13 %8 11/2014 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/844 %N 11 %1 Communications Security Establishment Dan Craigen is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment in Canada. Previously, he was President of ORA Canada, a company that focused on High Assurance/Formal Methods and distributed its technology to over 60 countries. His research interests include formal methods, the science of cybersecurity, and technology transfer. He was the chair of two NATO research task groups pertaining to validation, verification, and certification of embedded systems and high-assurance technologies. He received his BScH and MSc degrees in Mathematics from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/844 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2014 %T Challenging the Stage-Gate Model in Crowdsourcing: The Case of Fiat Mio in Brazil %A Fabio Prado Saldanha %A Patrick Cohendet %A Marlei Pozzebon %K automobile industry %K Brazil %K crowdsourcing %K Fiat %K marketing %K Open innovation %K project management %X A large crowdsourcing project managed by Fiat Brazil involved more than 17,000 participants from 160 different nationalities over 15 months. Fiat promoted a dialogue with an enthusiastic community by linking car experts, professionals, and lay people, through which more than 11,000 ideas were selected and developed to create a concept car using a collaborative process. Through an in-depth case study of this crowdsourcing project, we propose a new approach – the accordion model – which uses project management to help maximize the beneficial inputs of the crowd. Whereas the stage-gate process relies on a “funnel” of articulated sequences expressing a progressive reduction from an initial stock of potential ideas and concepts, in this article, we suggest that crowdsourced projects are more akin to a process that articulates a succession of broadening and funnelling periods that represent information requests and deliveries. We use the metaphorical terminology of “the sacred and the profane” to illustrate the interaction of sophisticated and ordinary ideas between the “sacred” experts from Fiat and the “profane” lay people associated with the project. Lessons learned from the Fiat Mio case suggest how both organizations and Internet users may benefit from successful crowdsourcing projects. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 4 %P 28-35 %8 09/2014 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/829 %N 9 %1 HEC Montréal Fabio Prado Saldanha has a degree in Communications from Fundação Armando Álvares Penteado, in São Paulo, Brazil. He has worked with several organizations in the telecommunications, entertainment, and culture industries, both in the public and private sectors. He is interested in the economic, social, and cultural issues of contemporary society. He has a Master of Management degree in Cultural Enterprises from HEC Montréal, in Canada. Currently, he is a Research Assistant at MOSAIC HEC Montréal where he works on projects concerning the study of economic impacts and the management of innovation and creativity, from different fields, such as the automobile and space industries. %2 HEC Montréal Patrick Cohendet is Professor at HEC Montréal business school in Canada and belongs to the International Business Department, which is in charge of all the international campuses of HEC Montréal, including a campus in Vietnam. He was Director of the International Business Department from 2007 to 2008. His research interests include the economics of innovation, technology management, knowledge management, the theory of the firm, and the economics of creativity. He is the author or co-author of 15 books and over 50 articles in refereed journals. He has conducted a series of economic studies on innovation, including measurement of spin-offs, evaluation of the economic benefits of R&D projects, and evaluation of technology transfer. These studies were carried out by his research laboratory, BETA, at the University of Strasbourg, for different European and North American organizations, such as the European Commission, the European Union, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the Council of Europe, and the Canadian Space Agency. %3 HEC Montréal Marlei Pozzebon is Professor at HEC Montréal and Associate Professor at Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Escola de Administração do Estado de São Paulo (FGV-EAESP), Brazil. Her research interests include social innovation, social inclusion, citizen creativity, local and sustainable development ,and global-local dialogue. These interests are linked to the possibilities of social change using practice-based theoretical lenses and qualitative research methods. Theoretically, structuration theory, different forms of social constructivism, and critical theory are additional interests. She has published her work in various peer-reviewed journals. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/829 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2014 %T Defining Cybersecurity %A Dan Craigen %A Nadia Diakun-Thibault %A Randy Purse %K cybersecurity %K cyberspace %K definition %K interdisciplinary %K security %X Cybersecurity is a broadly used term, whose definitions are highly variable, often subjective, and at times, uninformative. The absence of a concise, broadly acceptable definition that captures the multidimensionality of cybersecurity impedes technological and scientific advances by reinforcing the predominantly technical view of cybersecurity while separating disciplines that should be acting in concert to resolve complex cybersecurity challenges. In conjunction with an in-depth literature review, we led multiple discussions on cybersecurity with a diverse group of practitioners, academics, and graduate students to examine multiple perspectives of what should be included in a definition of cybersecurity. In this article, we propose a resulting new definition: "Cybersecurity is the organization and collection of resources, processes, and structures used to protect cyberspace and cyberspace-enabled systems from occurrences that misalign de jure from de facto property rights." Articulating a concise, inclusive, meaningful, and unifying definition will enable an enhanced and enriched focus on interdisciplinary cybersecurity dialectics and thereby will influence the approaches of academia, industry, and government and non-governmental organizations to cybersecurity challenges. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 4 %P 13-21 %8 10/2014 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/835 %N 10 %1 Communications Security Establishment Dan Craigen is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment in Canada. Previously, he was President of ORA Canada, a company that focused on High Assurance/Formal Methods and distributed its technology to over 60 countries. His research interests include formal methods, the science of cybersecurity, and technology transfer. He was the chair of two NATO research task groups pertaining to validation, verification, and certification of embedded systems and high-assurance technologies. He received his BScH and MSc degrees in Mathematics from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. %2 Communications Security Establishment Nadia Diakun-Thibault is Senior Science and Analytics Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment in Canada. She holds a Master's degree in Public Administration from Queen's University in Kingston, Canada, and an ABD (PhD) degree in Slavic Languages and Literatures from the University of Toronto, Canada. She has served as Parliamentary Advisor to Members of Parliament and held an Order-in-Council appointment to the Province of Ontario's Advocacy Commission. Her research interests include neurophilosophy, semiotics, linguistics, and public policy. She is also an adjunct faculty member in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at North Carolina State University in the United States. %3 Communications Security Establishment Randy Purse is the Senior Learning Advisor at the Information Technology Security Learning Centre at the Communications Security Establishment in Canada. A former officer in the Canadian Forces, he is an experienced security practitioner and learning specialist. His research interests include the human dimensions of security and collective and transformative learning in the workplace. He has a Master’s of Education in Information Technology from Memorial University of Newfoundland in St. John's, Canada, and he is a PhD candidate specializing in Adult and Workplace Learning in the Faculty of Education at the University of Ottawa, Canada. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/835 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2014 %T Enhancing Innovation through Virtual Proximity %A Tom Coughlan %K clusters %K communication %K distance %K innovation %K tools %K virtual proximity %X Historically, innovation strategists have focused on leveraging local resources and the development of local clusters, which have relied heavily on personal contact. It was assumed that serendipity would occur through casual contact and that this contact would result in rapid sharing of ideas. Many studies have supported this concept; however, the pace of innovation has changed and the most successful organizations promote not only physical proximity but also virtual proximity to resources. Virtual proximity refers to the level of emotional closeness between individuals, as developed through the use of information and communications technologies. This article argues that organizations can and should look to develop local virtual relationships supported by physical proximity: the mix of both virtual proximity and physical proximity can increase an organization's innovation capability. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 4 %P 17-22 %8 02/2014 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/765 %N 2 %1 Mercy College Tom Coughlan, DBA, is the Associate Dean of the School of Business at Mercy College in Dobbs Ferry, New York. He is also is an adjunct faculty in the graduate programs of the University of Phoenix, the Manhattan Institute of Management, the University of Bridgeport, and the Weller International Business School in Paris. His fields of practice include management, marketing, and e-business with a particular emphasis on the development of virtual proximity to increase levels of applied innovation within and across organizations. In addition to his academic activities, Dr. Coughlan has over 30 years of field experience as an entrepreneur, consultant, and marketing/management professional. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/765 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2014 %T TIM Lecture Series – Cybersecurity Metrics and Simulation %A George Cybenko %K cybersecurity %K metrics %K modelling %K simulation %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 4 %P 43-45 %8 10/2014 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/839 %N 10 %1 Dartmouth College George Cybenko is the Dorothy and Walter Gramm Professor of Engineering at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, United States. He has made multiple research contributions in signal processing, neural computing, information security, and computational behavioural analysis. He was the Founding Editor-in-Chief of both IEEE/AIP Computing in Science and Engineering and IEEE Security & Privacy. He has served on the Defense Science Board (2008–2009), on the US Air Force Scientific Advisory Board (2012–2015), and on review and advisory panels for DARPA, IDA, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Cybenko is a Fellow of the IEEE and received his BS (Toronto) and PhD (Princeton) degrees in Mathematics. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/839 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Corporate Lifecycles: Modelling the Dynamics of Innovation and Its Support Infrastructure %A Tamas Koplyay %A Lisa Chillingworth %A Brian Mitchell %K innovation %K Innovation management %K leadership %K market lifecycle %K model %K organizational culture %K staffing %X Corporate leadership and corporate culture have to be aligned to market realities to ensure the long-term success of a firm. As companies form, grow, and mature, the management of the enterprises also have to evolve through the business lifecycle. What is successful in the introduction stage may not be successful for a mature company. Firms are required to change their focus from product development, to market development, to process development, and finally to market and financial leadership. To be successful means that not only the types of employees hired have to evolve to support the culture required, but the leadership styles and management focus also have to change and adapt to the new realities that firms encounter in their market. The dynamic model presented in this article shows the broad strategic imperatives that must be met by firms, and it is presented through a graphical illustration of how successful firms manage their evolution and how firms can fail through mis-allocation of corporate efforts to non-mission critical initiatives. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 22-29 %8 10/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/733 %N 10 %1 Université du Québec en Outaouais Tamas Koplyay is Professor of High-Technology Strategic Management at the Université du Québec en Outaouais in Gatineau, Canada. He received Master's degrees in Systems Engineering, Applied Mathematics, and Information Theory from the State University of New York, United States; he received his MBA from the University of Ottawa, Canada; and he received his PhD in Systems Science from Michigan State University, United States. He has been a visiting researcher at the Harvard Law School in Public Finance. Currently, he is also the Director of Research for the Canadian Advanced Technology Alliance as part of his university commitments to the high-technology community. %2 Szent István University Lisa Chillingworth a PhD candidate in Management and Business Administration at Szent István University in Budapest, Hungary. She obtained her Bachelor of Arts degree from York University in Toronto, Canada. She is a Project Management Professional (PMP) and LEED Accredited Professional (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) and holds her Masters degree in Project Management from the Université du Québec, Canada, for which she received the 2012 Governor General’s Gold Medal for academic excellence. Ms. Chillingworth has 20 years of experience in project management and is currently the Director of Program Management and Advisory Services, North America, for an international real estate and capital facilities project management firm. Previously, Ms. Chillingworth spent a number of years as a project and management consultant, specializing in business transformation, operations, and strategic planning. She is also the Director of International Corporate Relations for the Global Academic Network, and their annual Global Management Conference, which work to bridge academia and the business community. She is also an Executive in Residence and Associate Director of Research for the Canadian Advanced Technology Alliance (CATA). %3 Szent István University Brian Mitchell is a PhD candidate in Management and Business Administration at Szent István University in Budapest, Hungary. He holds a Master’s degree in Project Management from the Université du Quebec, Canada, is a Project Management Professional (PMP), and LEED Accredited Professional (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) in the building design and construction industry. Mr. Mitchell has over 25 years of diverse experience in the delivery and management of capital projects and related work. As the National Practice Manager for a leading Canadian project management company, Mr. Mitchell was responsible for corporate research, project management best practice methodologies, and knowledge transfer across Canada. He was also a reviewer of the Project Management Institute's Construction Extension to the PMBoK Guide, Second Edition. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/733 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Developing an Innovation Engine to Make Canada a Global Leader in Cybersecurity %A Tony Bailetti %A Dan Craigen %A David Hudson %A Renaud Levesque %A Stuart McKeen %A D’Arcy Walsh %K business ecosystem %K cybersecurity %K innovation engine %K innovation in commercialization %K innovation in research and development %X An engine designed to convert innovation into a country’s global leadership position in a specific product market is examined in this article, using Canada and cybersecurity as an example. Five entities are core to the innovation engine: an ecosystem, a project community, an external community, a platform, and a corporation. The ecosystem is the focus of innovation in firm-specific factors that determine outcomes in global competition; the project community is the focus of innovation in research and development; and the external community is the focus of innovation in resources produced and used by economic actors that operate outside of the focal product market. Strategic intent, governance, resource flows, and organizational agreements bind the five entities together. Operating the innovation engine in Canada is expected to improve the level and quality of prosperity, security, and capacity of Canadians, increase the number of Canadian-based companies that successfully compete globally in cybersecurity product markets, and better protect Canada’s critical infrastructure. Researchers interested in learning how to create, implement, improve, and grow innovation engines will find this article interesting. The article will also be of interest to senior management teams in industry and government, chief information and technology officers, social and policy analysts, academics, and individual citizens who wish to learn how to secure cyberspace. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 5-14 %8 08/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/711 %N 8 %1 Carleton University Tony Bailetti is an Associate Professor in the Sprott School of Business and the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering at Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada. Professor Bailetti is the Director of Carleton University's Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program. His research, teaching, and community contributions support technology entrepreneurship, regional economic development, and international co-innovation. %2 Communications Security Establishment Canada Dan Craigen is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC). Previously, he was President of ORA Canada, a company that focused on High Assurance/Formal Methods and distributed its technology to over 60 countries. His research interests include formal methods, the science of cybersecurity, and technology transfer. He was the chair of two NATO research task groups pertaining to validation, verification, and certification of embedded systems and high-assurance technologies. He received his BScH in Math and his MSc in Math from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. %3 Carleton University David Hudson has recently completed his doctoral studies at Carleton University’s Sprott School of Business in Ottawa, Canada. He is a lecturer in information technology innovation in the MBA program at Sprott, a Director of the Lead to Win entrepreneurship program, and Chair of the Ontario Centres of Excellence advisory board for the Information, Communication, and Digital Media sector. David also consults with Fortune 500 firms on innovation management. Previously, he was the Vice President for advanced research and development at a large technology firm and has had an extensive career in technology development and product line management. David received Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Systems Design Engineering from the University of Waterloo, Canada. %4 Communications Security Establishment Canada Renaud Levesque is the Director General of Core Systems at the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC), where he is responsible for R&D and systems development. He has significant experience in the delivery of capability and organizational change in highly technical environments. His career began at CSEC in 1986 as a Systems Engineer, responsible for the development and deployment of numerous systems, including the CSEC IP corporate network in 1991. In 2000 Renaud went to work in the private sector as Head of Speech Technologies at Locus Dialogue, and later at Infospace Inc., where he became Director of Speech Solutions Engineering. He rejoined CSEC in 2003, where he assumed the lead role in the IT R&D section. Subsequently, as a Director General, he focused efforts towards the emergence of CSEC's Joint Research Office and The Tutte Institute for Mathematics and Computing. Renaud holds a Bachelor of Engineering from l’École Polytechnique, Université de Montréal, Canada. %# Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation Stuart McKeen works for the Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation (MRI), where he just finished serving a three-year secondment with the Federal Economic Development Agency for Southern Ontario (FedDev). At FedDev, he was both the Agency’s Manager of Innovation and the Manager of Entrepreneurship, Internship, and Youth Programs. He has worked in six different ministries of the Ontario Government over the past 30 years. In 2008, he was awarded the Amethyst Award, the Province of Ontario’s highest employee recognition award for his pioneering work on prospecting and developing large-scale international research consortiums that have brought jobs and investment to Ontario. Stuart holds a BScH degree in Zoology from the University of Western Ontario, Canada and a BA degree in Economics from the University of Toronto, Canada. %$ Communications Security Establishment Canada D’Arcy Walsh is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC). His research interests include software-engineering methods and techniques that support the development and deployment of dynamic systems, including dynamic languages, dynamic configuration, context-aware systems, and autonomic and autonomous systems. He received his BAH from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada, and he received his BCS, his MCS, and his PhD in Computer Science from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/711 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Editorial: Managing Innovation for Tangible Performance (October 2013) %A Chris McPhee %A Sorin Cohn %K applied research %K boundary management %K commercialization %K company culture %K competitiveness %K firm-level innovation management %K innovation literacy %K innovative capabilities %K managing innovation %K market lifecycle %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 3-5 %8 10/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/730 %N 10 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen's University in Kingston. He has over 15 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 BD Cohnsulting Inc. Sorin Cohn has 35 years of international business and technology experience, having been involved in most facets of innovation development: from idea to research and lab prototype, from technology to product, and then to market success on the global stage. He has developed new technologies, created R&D laboratories, started new product lines, and initiated and managed new business units. Sorin has several essential patents in web services, wireless, and digital signal processing, as well as over 70 publications and presentations. He has also been Adjunct Professor at the University of Ottawa. He is a Killam Scholar, and he holds a PhD in Electrical Engineering, an MSc in Physics, and an MEng in Engineering Physics. Sorin is President of BD Cohnsulting Inc. As well, he acts as Leader of Innovation Metrics at The Conference Board of Canada and as Chief Program Officer of i-CANADA. He is also Member of the Board of Startup Canada as well as the Board of the Centre for Energy Efficiency. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/730 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Editorial: Managing Innovation for Tangible Performance (September 2013) %A Chris McPhee %A Sorin Cohn %K commercialization %K competitiveness %K firm-level innovation management %K innovative capabilities %K managing innovation %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 3-5 %8 09/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/721 %N 9 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen's University in Kingston. He has over 15 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 BD Cohnsulting Inc. Sorin Cohn has 35 years of international business and technology experience, having been involved in most facets of innovation development: from idea to research and lab prototype, from technology to product, and then to market success on the global stage. He has developed new technologies, created R&D laboratories, started new product lines, and initiated and managed new business units. Sorin has several essential patents in web services, wireless, and digital signal processing, as well as over 70 publications and presentations. He has also been Adjunct Professor at the University of Ottawa. He is a Killam Scholar, and he holds a PhD in Electrical Engineering, an MSc in Physics, and an MEng in Engineering Physics. Sorin is President of BD Cohnsulting Inc. As well, he acts as Leader of Innovation Metrics at The Conference Board of Canada and as Chief Program Officer of i-CANADA. He is also Member of the Board of Startup Canada as well as the Board of the Centre for Energy Efficiency. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/721 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T A Firm-Level Innovation Management Framework and Assessment Tool for Increasing Competitiveness %A Sorin Cohn %K competitiveness assessment %K firm-level innovation %K innovation models %K innovation performance %K management %K management effectiveness %K tools %X Innovation depends on much more than just technology and R&D. It is a means to an end – competitive success and higher market value – and it needs to be managed strategically and methodically for tangible corporate performance where it matters: in the market. This article introduces a comprehensive corporate innovation management framework (v-CIM) and a targeted competitiveness assessment tool (i-TCA). Properly used by corporate leaders, this framework and its associated tool enable innovation managers to decide on priorities for competitive development, adopt appropriate innovation strategies to meet corporate goals, monitor progress, make adjustments, and help create and maintain a culture of innovation that is aligned with business goals. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 6-15 %8 10/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/731 %N 10 %1 BD Cohnsulting Inc. Sorin Cohn has 35 years of international business and technology experience, having been involved in most facets of innovation development: from idea to research and lab prototype, from technology to product, and then to market success on the global stage. He has developed new technologies, created R&D laboratories, started new product lines, and initiated and managed new business units. Sorin has several essential patents in web services, wireless, and digital signal processing, as well as over 70 publications and presentations. He has also been Adjunct Professor at the University of Ottawa. He is a Killam Scholar, and he holds a PhD in Electrical Engineering, an MSc in Physics, and an MEng in Engineering Physics. Sorin is President of BD Cohnsulting Inc. As well, he acts as Leader of Innovation Metrics at The Conference Board of Canada and as Chief Program Officer of i-CANADA. He is also Member of the Board of Startup Canada as well as the Board of the Centre for Energy Efficiency. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/731 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Incubation Programs from Public Research Organizations as Catalysts for Open Business Ecosystems %A Sven H. De Cleyn %A Frank Gielen %A Jan Coppens %K clusters of innovation %K incubation programs %K startup ecosystem %K technology entrepreneurship %K university-industry interaction %X In many economies, new knowledge and technology creation and transfer towards local entities and new startups have been recognized as catalysts for industry renewal and tools for safeguarding (or even enhancing) a region’s employment and prosperity. This article presents a case study of iMinds, a network organization in Flanders, Belgium. The organization fosters interdisciplinary research in information and communication technologies (ICT) and strongly engages in transferring these new technologies towards local actors and in creating and supporting new startups. iMinds’ incubation and entrepreneurship programs act as catalysts for open innovation and company startup activities in the Flemish region. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 29-34 %8 04/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/677 %N 4 %1 iMinds Sven H. De Cleyn is Incubation Programs Manager at iMinds, a strategic ICT research centre founded by the Flemish government, where he supports new startup and spin-off projects from their pre-seed phase onwards. He received a PhD in Applied Economics at Antwerp University, Belgium, for his research on the early development of academic spin-offs in Europe. He currently also lectures on entrepreneurship at Karel de Grote University College in Antwerp, he coaches students at the Antwerp Management School, and he conducts research on high-tech entrepreneurship and academic spin-offs as a post-doc researcher at the University of Antwerp. %2 iMinds Frank Gielen is Director of Incubation & Entrepreneurship at iMinds. He holds a PhD in Computer Science from the Free University of Brussels, Belgium. He is also Professor at Ghent University, Belgium, where he teaches courses on software and technology entrepreneurship and drives student entrepreneurship through the "Durf Ondernemen" program. He has entrepreneurial experience through different roles in several ventures. %3 iMinds Ondernemen" program. He has entrepreneurial experience through different roles in several ventures. Jan Coppens obtained his PhD in computer science engineering from the Information Technology Department of Ghent University, Belgium, in 2006. He continued his research in network technology at Alcatel-Lucent Bell Labs, where he managed several research projects. As part of an internal corporate venture effort, Jan founded and led a small team of entrepreneurs to bring innovative home-networking technology under CxO attention and push it along the product roadmap. At the end of 2007, he left Bell Labs to join the Business Technology Office of McKinsey & Company. Currently, Jan is responsible for marketing and business development at the iMinds Incubation & Entrepreneurship program. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/677 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Managing Cybersecurity Research and Experimental Development: The REVO Approach %A Dan Craigen %A Drew Vandeth %A D’Arcy Walsh %K cybersecurity %K experimental development %K performance indicators %K research %K research program lifecycle %K research-activity descriptions %K research-requirement statements %K strategic research contexts %X We present a systematic approach for managing a research and experimental development cybersecurity program that must be responsive to continuously evolving cybersecurity, and other, operational concerns. The approach will be of interest to research-program managers, academe, corporate leads, government leads, chief information officers, chief technology officers, and social and technology policy analysts. The approach is compatible with international standards and procedures published by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat (TBS). The key benefits of the approach are the following: i) the breadth of the overall (cybersecurity) space is described; ii) depth statements about specific (cybersecurity) challenges are articulated and mapped to the breadth of the problem; iii) specific (cybersecurity) initiatives that have been resourced through funding or personnel are tracked and linked to specific challenges; and iv) progress is assessed through key performance indicators. Although we present examples from cybersecurity, the method may be transferred to other domains. We have found the approach to be rigorous yet adaptive to change; it challenges an organization to be explicit about the nature of its research and experimental development in a manner that fosters alignment with evolving business priorities, knowledge transfer, and partner engagement. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 34-41 %8 07/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/705 %N 7 %1 Communications Security Establishment Canada Dan Craigen is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC). Previously, he was President of ORA Canada, a company that focused on High Assurance/Formal Methods and distributed its technology to over 60 countries. His research interests include formal methods, the science of cybersecurity, and technology transfer. He was the chair of two NATO research task groups pertaining to validation, verification, and certification of embedded systems and high-assurance technologies. He received his BScH in Math and his MSc in Math from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. %2 IBM Systems Research Drew Vandeth is the Senior Research Strategist for the National Security Community and a Senior Researcher at IBM Systems Research. He is the founder of the Tutte Institute for Mathematics and Computing (TIMC) and was its first Deputy Director. His research interests include theoretical and computational number theory, contextual and cognitive computing, high performance computing architectures, autonomic and autonomous analytical systems, and research management. Dr. Vandeth holds a PhD in Number Theory from Macquarie University in Sydney, Australia, an MMath in Number Theory from the University of Waterloo, Canada, and a BMath (Hons) in Pure Mathematics, also from the University of Waterloo. %3 Communications Security Establishment Canada D’Arcy Walsh is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC). His research interests include software-engineering methods and techniques that support the development and deployment of dynamic systems, including dynamic languages, dynamic configuration, context-aware systems, and autonomic and autonomous systems. He received his BAH from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada, and he received his BCS, his MCS, and his PhD in Computer Science from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/705 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Problemsourcing: Local Open Innovation for R&D Organizations %A Sally Davenport %A Stephen Cummings %A Urs Daellenbach %A Charles Campbell %K crowdsourcing %K local open innovation %K Open innovation %K problemsourcing %K R&D %X Open innovation and crowdsourcing are usually focused on using others external to the organization to solve your problems. How then do R&D organizations, who traditionally solve the problems of others, harness the benefits of open innovation and crowdsourcing yet maintain their mission and capabilities? "Problemsourcing" may provide the answer. In this mode of open innovation, the open call to the "crowd" of businesses is for them to suggest problems that, if solved by the R&D organization, could greatly enhance the business’ competitive advantage and therefore the nation’s economy. In this article, we describe a problemsourcing initiative developed by Industrial Research Ltd (IRL), a government-owned R&D organization in New Zealand. The "What’s Your Problem New Zealand?" competition promised NZ$1m worth of R&D services to the winning business. Using this case study, we map a range of benefits of crowdsourcing for R&D problems, including generating a potential pipeline of projects and clients as well as avoiding the challenge to the professional status of the organization’s research capability. A side-effect not initially taken account of was that, by demonstrating openness, accessibility, and helpfulness, the reputation of the research organization was greatly enhanced. The problemsourcing model provided by the "What’s Your Problem New Zealand?" competition represents a new strategic possibility for R&D organizations that complements their traditional business model by drawing on the openness that open innovation and crowdsourcing seek to leverage. As such, it can provide insights for other research organizations wishing to make use of the connectivity afforded by open innovation and crowdsourcing. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 14-20 %8 03/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/665 %N 3 %1 Victoria Business School Sally Davenport is Professor of Management at Victoria Business School in Wellington, New Zealand. Her PhD in Chemistry was obtained at IRL’s predecessor organization and she has maintained close research relationships based on her scientific background. Sally’s research interests include the strategic management of innovation, interaction between innovation stakeholders in the commercialization of research and the discourse of scientific organizations. She has published in a range of journals including Research Policy, Technovation, Journal of Technology Transfer, R&D Management, Innovation: Management, Policy & Practice, Science & Public Policy, and Technology Analysis & Strategic Management. %2 Victoria Business School Stephen Cummings is Professor of Strategy at Victoria Business School in Wellington, New Zealand. His research interests include the history of management and creative approaches to strategy development. His publications have appeared in Academy of Management Executive, Academy of Management Learning & Education, Business Horizons, Long Range Planning, Organization, and Organization Studies. His recent books include Recreating Strategy, The Strategy Pathfinder, Creative Strategy: Reconnecting Business and Innovation, and the forthcoming Handbook of Management and Creativity. %3 Victoria Business School Urs Daellenbach is a Reader in Management at Victoria Business School in Wellington, New Zealand. His research interests focus on the resource-based view of the firm with a specific focus on contexts associated with R&D and innovation and where multiple diverse stakeholders may create advantages cooperatively. His publications have appeared in Strategic Management Journal, Long Range Planning, Industrial & Corporate Change, Journal of Management Studies, Journal of Technology Transfer, and R&D Management. %4 Victoria Business School Charles Campbell is a researcher at Victoria Business School in Wellington, New Zealand. Charles has a PhD in History from the University Canterbury. He is also a novelist and is currently based in the Otago region of New Zealand. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/665 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Quantitative Metrics and Risk Assessment: The Three Tenets Model of Cybersecurity %A Jeff Hughes %A George Cybenko %K availability %K confidentiality %K integrity %K quantitative cybersecurity %K risk assessment %K vulnerabilities %X Progress in operational cybersecurity has been difficult to demonstrate. In spite of the considerable research and development investments made for more than 30 years, many government, industrial, financial, and consumer information systems continue to be successfully attacked and exploited on a routine basis. One of the main reasons that progress has been so meagre is that most technical cybersecurity solutions that have been proposed to-date have been point solutions that fail to address operational tradeoffs, implementation costs, and consequent adversary adaptations across the full spectrum of vulnerabilities. Furthermore, sound prescriptive security principles previously established, such as the Orange Book, have been difficult to apply given current system complexity and acquisition approaches. To address these issues, the authors have developed threat-based descriptive methodologies to more completely identify system vulnerabilities, to quantify the effectiveness of possible protections against those vulnerabilities, and to evaluate operational consequences and tradeoffs of possible protections. This article begins with a discussion of the tradeoffs among seemingly different system security properties such as confidentiality, integrity, and availability. We develop a quantitative framework for understanding these tradeoffs and the issues that arise when those security properties are all in play within an organization. Once security goals and candidate protections are identified, risk/benefit assessments can be performed using a novel multidisciplinary approach, called “QuERIES.” The article ends with a threat-driven quantitative methodology, called “The Three Tenets”, for identifying vulnerabilities and countermeasures in networked cyber-physical systems. The goal of this article is to offer operational guidance, based on the techniques presented here, for informed decision making about cyber-physical system security. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 15-24 %8 08/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/712 %N 8 %1 Tenet 3 Jeff A. Hughes is President of Tenet 3, LLC. Tenet 3 is a cybertechnology company with a focus on autonomous cyber-physical systems, analyzing their trustworthiness, and evaluating economical ways to demonstrably mitigate security risks. Previously, Jeff held various positions in the US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), where he led research into advanced techniques for developing and screening trustworthy microelectronic components and performing complex system vulnerability and risk analysis for cyber-physical systems. Jeff has an MS in Electrical Engineering from the Ohio State University and has completed graduate work towards a PhD at the Air Force Institute of Technology in Ohio, United States. %2 Dartmouth College George Cybenko is the Dorothy and Walter Gramm Professor of Engineering at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, United States. Professor Cybenko has made multiple research contributions in signal processing, neural computing, information security, and computational behavioural analysis. He was the Founding Editor-in-Chief of both IEEE/AIP Computing in Science and Engineering and IEEE Security & Privacy. He has served on the Defense Science Board (2008-2009), on the US Air Force Scientific Advisory Board (2012-2015), and on review and advisory panels for DARPA, IDA, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Professor Cybenko is a Fellow of the IEEE and received his BS (Toronto) and PhD (Princeton) degrees in Mathematics. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/712 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Securing Canada’s Information-Technology Infrastructure: Context, Principles, and Focus Areas of Cybersecurity Research %A Dan Craigen %A D’Arcy Walsh %A David Whyte %K Canada %K cyberdefence %K cyberinfrastructure %K cybersecurity %K entrepreneurship %K experimental development program %K information-technology infrastructure %K management %K research %X This article addresses the challenges of cybersecurity and ultimately the provision of a stable and resilient information-technology infrastructure for Canada and, more broadly, the world. We describe the context of current cybersecurity challenges by synthesizing key source material whose importance was informed by our own real-world experiences. Furthermore, we present a checklist of guiding principles to a unified response, complete with a set of action-oriented research topics that are linked to known operational limitations. The focus areas are used to drive the formulation of a unified and relevant research and experimental development program, thereby moving us towards a stable and resilient cyberinfrastructure. When cybersecurity is viewed as an inherently interdisciplinary problem of societal concern, we expect that fundamentally new research perspectives will emerge in direct response to domain-specific protection requirements for information-technology infrastructure. Purely technical responses to cybersecurity challenges will be inadequate because human factors are an inherent aspect of the problem. This article will interest managers and entrepreneurs. Senior management teams can assess new technical developments and product releases to fortify their current security solutions, while entrepreneurs can harness new opportunities to commercialize novel technology to solve a high-impact cybersecurity problem.. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 12-18 %8 07/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/704 %N 7 %1 Communications Security Establishment Canada Dan Craigen is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC). Previously, he was President of ORA Canada, a company that focused on High Assurance/Formal Methods and distributed its technology to over 60 countries. His research interests include formal methods, the science of cybersecurity, and technology transfer. He was the chair of two NATO research task groups pertaining to validation, verification, and certification of embedded systems and high-assurance technologies. He received his BScH in Math and his MSc in Math from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. %2 Communications Security Establishment Canada D’Arcy Walsh is a Science Advisor at the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC). His research interests include software-engineering methods and techniques that support the development and deployment of dynamic systems, including dynamic languages, dynamic configuration, context-aware systems, and autonomic and autonomous systems. He received his BAH from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada, and he received his BCS, his MCS, and his PhD in Computer Science from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. %3 Communications Security Establishment Canada David Whyte is the Technical Director for the Cyber Defence Branch at the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC). He is CSEC's technical lead responsible for overseeing the implementation of the next-generation cyberthreat-detection services for the Government of Canada. He has held many positions over the last 16 years within CSEC that span both the Signals Intelligence and Information Technology Security mission lines. David holds a PhD in Computer Science from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. The main focus of his research is on the development of network-based behavioural analysis techniques for the detection of rapidly propagating malware. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/704 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Sustainability and Governance in Developing Open Source Projects as Processes of In-Becoming %A Daniel Curto-Millet %K becoming %K emergence %K governance %K open source %K Ostrom %K processes %K requirements %K sustainability %X Sustainability is often thought of as a binary state: an open source project is either sustainable or not. In reality, sustainability is much more complex. What makes this project more sustainable than that one? Why should it be assumed in the first place that sustainability is a prolonged state of an ingraced project? The threads are pulled from their yarns in many directions. This article attempts to reconceptualize some assumed notions of the processes involved in developing open source software. It takes the stance in favour of studying the fluctuant nature of open source and the associated artefacts, not as well-defined objects, but as commons that are continually built upon, evolved, and modified; sometimes in unexpected ways. Further, the governance of these commons is an ongoing process, tightly linked with the way in which these commons are allowed to further develop. This perspective of "in-becoming" is useful in understanding the efforts and processes that need to be provided to sustainably govern the development of open source projects and the advantages for managing requirements derived therein. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 40-45 %8 01/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/649 %N 1 %1 London School of Economics and Political Science Daniel Curto-Millet is a PhD student at the London School of Economics and Political Science. His research focuses on studying requirements engineering and innovation in open source contexts from new perspectives. He has presented his work at a number of international conferences including the Academy of Management conference and the European Conference of Information Systems Doctoral Consortium. He has a background in Software Engineering from University College London and has worked for the DG DIGIT of the European Commission. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/649 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Sustainability of Open Collaborative Communities: Analyzing Recruitment Efficiency %A Kevin Crowston %A Nicolas Jullien %A Felipe Ortega %K DEA modeling %K efficiency %K recruitment %K Wikipedia %X Extensive research has been conducted over the past years to improve our understanding of sustainability conditions for large-scale collaborative projects, especially from an economic and governance perspective. However, the influence of recruitment and retention of participants in these projects has received comparatively less attention from researchers. Nevertheless, these concerns are significant for practitioners, especially regarding the apparently decreasing ability of the main open online projects to attract and retain new contributors. A possible explanation for this decrease is that those projects have simply reached a mature state of development. Marwell and Oliver (1993) and Oliver, Marwell, and Teixeira (1985) note that, at the initial stage in collective projects, participants are few and efforts are costly; in the diffusion phase, the number of participants grows, as their efforts are rewarding; and in the mature phase, some inefficiency may appear as the number of contributors is greater than required for the work. In this article, we examine this possibility. We use original data from 36 Wikipedias in different languages to compare their efficiency in recruiting participants. We chose Wikipedia because the different language projects are at different states of development, but are quite comparable on the other aspects, providing a test of the impact of development on efficiency. Results confirm that most of the largest Wikipedias seem to be characterized by a reduced return to scale. As a result, we can draw interesting conclusions that can be useful for practitioners, facilitators, and managers of collaborative projects in order to identify key factors potentially influencing the adequate development of their communities over the medium-to-long term. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 20-26 %8 01/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/646 %N 1 %1 Syracuse University Kevin Crowston is a Distinguished Professor of Information Science at the Syracuse University School of Information Studies (aka the iSchool). He is currently on a temporary rotation as a Program Director for the Human-Centered Computing Program at the US National Science Foundation in the Information and Intelligent Systems Division of the Computer and Information Science and Engineering Directorate. His research examines new ways of organizing made possible by the extensive use of information technology. %2 Telecom Bretagne Nicolas Jullien is an Associate Professor at the LUSSI Department of Telecom Bretagne (Brest, France). His research interests are on the organization and the attractiveness of open, online communities (Linux, Wikipedia). Most of his papers are available at SSRN. %3 University Rey Juan Carlos Felipe Ortega is a Researcher in the Department of Statistics and Operations Research at University Rey Juan Carlos in Madrid, Spain. He is also a part-time Associate Professor at University Alfonso X El Sabio, teaching courses in the Information and Communication Technologies Department. His research is focused on open online communities, with emphasis on data retrieval, replicability, and data analysis. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/646 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T TIM Lecture Series – Enhancing Competitive Position Through Innovation Beyond R&D %A Sorin Cohn %K Canada %K commercialization %K competition %K culture %K entrepreneurship %K globalization %K innovation %K managing innovation %K metrics %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 34-38 %8 05/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/686 %N 5 %1 BD Cohnsulting Inc. Sorin Cohn has 35 years of international business and technology experience, having been involved in most facets of innovation development: from idea to research and lab prototype, from technology to product, and then to market success on the global stage. He has developed new technologies, created R&D laboratories, started new product lines, and initiated and managed new business units. Sorin has several essential patents in web services, wireless, and digital signal processing, as well as over 70 publications and presentations. He has also been Adjunct Professor at the University of Ottawa. He is a Killam Scholar, and he holds a PhD in Electrical Engineering, an MSc in Physics, and an MEng in Engineering Physics. Sorin is President of BD Cohnsulting Inc. As well, he acts as Leader of Innovation Metrics at The Conference Board of Canada and as Chief Program Officer of i-CANADA. He is also Member of the Board of Startup Canada as well as the Board of the Centre for Energy Efficiency. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/686 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T TIM Lecture Series – Using Risk to Drive a Security Service %A Paul Card %K cybersecurity %K platforms %K risk management %K security %K services %K strategy %K uncertainty %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 42-45 %8 06/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/696 %N 6 %1 Seccuris Paul Card is Director of R&D at Seccuris. He has more than 10 years of experience working with domestic and international companies to advance technology, research, and development strategies. Prior to joining Seccuris, Paul was a Research Scientist at TR Labs, where he was responsible for the security research portfolio. He has worked with over 20 different ICT companies in research and development activities. Paul holds a PhD and MSc in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, Canada. Paul is an Adjunct Professor of the University of Manitoba, and he is a member of the IEEE and the ACM. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/696 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Time to Innovate: Reflections and Recommendations on Time Management for Innovation Managers %A Robert J. Crawhall %K commercialization %K innovation %K product development %K technology %K time management %X Effective time management is a critical success factor for most projects; however, it is particularly challenging for projects involving substantial innovation. For most projects, time (i.e., the schedule) becomes a management "red flag" that signals when something goes wrong or gets out of control. The challenge for projects involving significant innovation is that one or more critical activities may be of an unknown duration or involve factors outside the normal design process and require "red flagging" from the outset. Managers of innovation projects have to distinguish between those activities or work packets that are a part of “business as usual” and those that involve innovation. They must identify and quantify the schedule risks and develop strategies to mitigate them. For example, one strategy to manage time-related risk is to decouple the innovation value as perceived by the customer (innovation output) from the technology innovation that is needed to deliver the product value in a cost-effective manner (innovation input). This strategy should take into account the likely consequences of longer-than-anticipated innovation time. Two common risks associated with poor time management for innovation are running out of financial runway to reach sustainable revenue and missing a critical market window. In this article, the author reflects on almost 30 years of experience in the Canadian innovation system across several industry sectors and provides some practical recommendations on time management for innovation managers. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 13-19 %8 09/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/723 %N 9 %1 Innoxec Innovation Executive Services Robert Crawhall is Principal Consultant at Innoxec Innovation Executive Services. He works with senior managers of companies and organizations on the development and implementation of innovation strategy. He is Board member with the ArboraNano Business-Led Network of Centres of Excellence, NanoOntario, and the Canadian Association of Security and Intelligence Studies. He is formerly COO of Precarn Inc. a federal pre-commercialization fund for intelligent systems companies, CEO of NanoQuébec, Executive Director of the Ontario Research Network in Electronic Commerce, CEO of the National Capital Institute of Telecommunications. He held three Director roles at Nortel in Strategic Planning, Advanced Research Networks, and Disruptive Technologies as well as four management roles in technology development with BNR and Northern Telecom Electronics. He started his career with General Electric (Canada) in manufacturing engineering and with Sulzer (Canada) in project management for nuclear energy systems. He holds degrees in Mechanical and Electrical Engineering from McGill University in Montreal, Canada, and a PhD in Electrical Engineering from the University of Ottawa, Canada. He is a registered professional engineer in the province of Ontario, a member of the IEEE, and a certified project management professional (PMP). %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/723 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T Accelerating a Network Model of Care: Taking a Social Innovation to Scale %A Vickie Cammack %A Kerry Byrne %K network centric care %K network model of care %K personal networks %K social innovation %K Tyze %X Government-funded systems of health and social care are facing enormous fiscal and human-resource challenges. The space for innovation in care is wide open and new disruptive patterns are emerging. These include self-management and personal budgets, participatory and integrated care, supported decision making and a renewed focus on prevention. Taking these disruptive patterns to scale can be accelerated by a technologically enabled shift to a network model of care to co-create the best outcomes for individuals, family caregivers, and health and social care organizations. The connections, relationships, and activities within an individual’s personal network lay the foundation for care that health and social care systems/policy must simultaneously support and draw on for positive outcomes. Practical tools, adequate information, and tangible resources are required to coordinate and sustain care. Tyze Personal Networks is a social venture that uses technology to engage and inform the individual, their personal networks, and their care providers to co-create the best outcomes. In this article, we demonstrate how Tyze contributes to a shift to a network model of care by strengthening our networks and enhancing partnerships between care providers, individuals, and family and friends. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 2 %P 26-30 %8 07/2012 %U http://timreview.ca/article/578 %N 7 %1 Tyze Personal Networks Vickie Cammack is President and CEO of Tyze Personal Networks. In this role, Vickie focuses her attention and expertise on how best to deliver online, personal support networks to people facing life challenges. Vickie is also a co-founder of Planned Lifetime Advocacy Network (PLAN), a pioneer social enterprise supporting families to secure the future of their family member with a disability. She created PLAN’s Personal Network program, a unique response to the isolation experienced by people with disabilities and mentored the spread of PLAN groups in 40 locations globally. Vickie is the recipient of the Meritorious Service Medal of Canada, the Canadian Psychological Association’s Humanitarian Award, and Simon Fraser University President’s Club Distinguished Community Leadership Award. She co-led a Canadian exploration on sustainability and social innovation and is a Fellow with Social Innovation Generation. %2 Tyze Personal Networks Kerry Byrne, PhD, is the Director of Research at Tyze Personal Networks. She has over 10 years of healthcare research experience and cares deeply about improving care for families. Through her work, she strives to give a voice to families’ and patients’ experiences with health and social care and improve the mobilization of formal and informal support for family caregivers and persons experiencing life challenges. Her areas of research expertise are in family caregiving, care transitions, home care, and relationship-centered care. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/578 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T Hacking Health: Bottom-up Innovation for Healthcare %A Jeeshan Chowdhury %K hackathon %K hacking health %K healthcare %K social innovation %K technology entrepreneurship %X Healthcare is not sustainable and still functions with outdated technology (e.g., pagers, paper records). Top-down approaches by governments and corporations have failed to deliver digital technologies to modernize healthcare. Disruptive innovation must come from the ground up by bridging the gap between front-line health experts and innovators in the latest web and mobile technology. Hacking Health is a hackathon that is focused on social innovation more than technical innovation. Our approach to improve healthcare is to pair technological innovators with healthcare experts to build realistic, human-centric solutions to front-line healthcare problems. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 2 %P 31-35 %8 07/2012 %U http://timreview.ca/article/579 %N 7 %1 Hacking Health Jeeshan Chowdhury is completing an MD/DPhil at the Universities of Alberta and Oxford, where he studied as a Rhodes Scholar. Jeeshan’s academic research focuses on emerging healthcare technologies, namely developing novel point-of-care diagnostics and quantitative methods to measure the impact of health information systems. As a Sauvé Scholar, Jeeshan has co-founded HackingHealth.ca to foster health technology innovations. He also launched EnlightHealth.com, a health tech startup that innovates web and mobile solutions for patients, providers, and clinics. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/579 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T How Do Large Companies Manage Their Investments Across the Three Horizons? %A Peter Carbone %K horizon management %K investment %K large companies %K technology entrepreneurship %X Technical entrepreneurship continues to be important to a technology company’s health and growth, even after it has successfully delivered its first product. It is essential to help the company deal with competitive forces and to renew its revenue stream. However, as the company grows, its entrepreneurial capability often becomes handicapped both by company culture as well as external pressures. The company must achieve the right mix of investment and level of attention across three time horizons of growth: immediate, imminent, and future. This balancing act requires a commitment to a strategic growth goal, appropriate tools, and leaders that can manage significant degrees of uniqueness in the resources that address each of these time horizons. This article discusses some of the horizon-management challenges faced by top management teams of large companies and overviews some mechanisms and processes that have worked effectively. Large companies must overcome internal teams’ divergent values and culture as well as significant external, short-term pressures being applied by their existing base of customers and markets. Discipline at the entry point to Horizon 3 (exploratory phase) and then a rapid transition to Horizon 1 (current operations) is the priority of any successful growth company. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %V 2 %P 28-34 %8 04/2012 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/548 %N 4 %1 Peter Carbone is a successful executive known for his thought leadership, business acumen, and technology leadership. He is often called on to address new business and technology challenges. Peter is a pathfinder with a track record of creating innovative solutions, strategically managing technology and innovation, successfully launching and running new businesses, and leading business development initiatives. Peter has held CTO, R&D, and senior business positions in several high-tech companies, and he has led or been directly involved with several technology company acquisitions. Peter has been engaged as technical advisor to startups, is part of the faculty of an entrepreneur development program that has created >100 new companies, and has been on the boards of US-based Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS) and Coral CEA. He is past Vice-Chair of the Executive Committee of the Information Technology Associationof Canada (ITAC) and Chair of an ITAC committee, which is focused on the Global Competitiveness of Canada’s Knowledge Economy. Peter is also on the Advisory Board of the Technology Innovation Management Review. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/548 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2012 %T The Physical Internet and Business Model Innovation %A Benoit Montreuil %A Jean-François Rougès %A Yan Cimon %A Diane Poulin %K business models %K logistics %K physical internet %K supply chains %X Building on the analogy of data packets within the Digital Internet, the Physical Internet is a concept that dramatically transforms how physical objects are designed, manufactured, and distributed. This approach is open, efficient, and sustainable beyond traditional proprietary logistical solutions, which are often plagued by inefficiencies. The Physical Internet redefines supply chain configurations, business models, and value-creation patterns. Firms are bound to be less dependent on operational scale and scope trade-offs because they will be in a position to offer novel hybrid products and services that would otherwise destroy value. Finally, logistical chains become flexible and reconfigurable in real time, thus becoming better in tune with firm strategic choices. This article focuses on the potential impact of the Physical Internet on business model innovation, both from the perspectives of Physical-Internet enabled and enabling business models. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 2 %P 32-37 %8 06/2012 %U http://timreview.ca/article/566 %N 6 %1 Université Laval Benoit Montreuil, PEng., PhD (Georgia Tech, ISYE, 1982) is Professor in the Faculty of Administration Sciences at Université Laval in Quebec City, Canada. He holds the Canada Research Chair in Enterprise Engineering. He is a board member of the CIRRELT Interuniversity Research Centre on Enterprise Networks, Logistics and Transportation. He is a member of the EDS Institute on Environment, Development and Society. He is the MHIA Board Liaison of the College Industry Council on Material Handling Education. His main research interests lie in developing concepts, methodologies, and technologies for creating, optimizing, transforming and enabling businesses and value creation networks that can thrive in a fast evolving world. He is the inventor of the Physical Internet towards efficient and sustainable interconnected logistics, and is leading the International Physical Internet Initiative. DC Velocity has named him 2011 Rainmaker-of-the-Year. %2 Université Laval Jean-François Rougès is a PhD Student at the Faculty of Business Administration at Université Laval (Québec City, Canada) and a member of the CIRRELT, Interuniversity Research Centre on Enterprise Networks, Logistics and Transportation. His research focuses on strategy and business model innovation enabled by information and communication technologies. He also works as a consultant in strategic change management. %3 Université Laval Yan Cimon, CD, PhD (HEC Montreal) is Associate Professor of Strategy at the Faculty of Business Administration at Université Laval (Quebec City, Canada). He is the Deputy Director of CIRRELT (Québec), the Interuniversity Research Centre on Enterprise Networks, Logistics and Transportation. He is also an associate member of HEI, the Quebec Institute for Advanced International Studies. His research focuses on networks and alliances between firms. His most recent research focuses on the dynamics of Canada-US value chain integration and how they may better leverage the innovative power of complex North American value creation networks that are too often overlooked. A winner of many awards for the implications and impact of his work, he has also been elected to Alpha Iota Delta. %4 Université Laval Diane Poulin, PhD (École Polytechnique de Paris/France) is full Professor of Strategy at the Faculty of Business Administration at Université Laval (Quebec City, Canada). She is a founder member of CIRRELT (Québec), the Interuniversity Research Centre on Enterprise Networks, Logistics and Transportation. She is also a member of CeRTAE, the Enterprise Architecture and Transfer Research Centre, and FORAC, Research Consortium of expertise for the advancement of the forest products industry. Her research focuses on innovation and technologies, networks enterprises and alliances. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/566 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2011 %T Acquisition Integration Models: How Large Companies Successfully Integrate Startups %A Peter Carbone %K Acquisitions %K Company Integration %K Competitive M&A %K Mergers %X Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) have been popular means for many companies to address the increasing pace and level of competition that they face. Large companies have pursued acquisitions to more quickly access technology, markets, and customers, and this approach has always been a viable exit strategy for startups. However, not all deals deliver the anticipated benefits, in large part due to poor integration of the acquired assets into the acquiring company. Integration can greatly impact the success of the acquisition and, indeed, the combined company’s overall market success. In this article, I explore the implementation of several integration models that have been put into place by a large company and extract principles that may assist negotiating parties with maximizing success. This perspective may also be of interest to smaller companies as they explore exit options while trying to ensure continued market success after acquisition. I assert that business success with acquisitions is dependent on an appropriate integration model, but that asset integration is not formulaic. Any integration effort must consider the specific market context and personnel involved. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 1 %P 26-31 %8 10/2011 %U http://timreview.ca/article/490 %N 1 %1 Peter Carbone is a successful executive known for his thought leadership, business acumen, and technology leadership. He is often called on to address new business and technology challenges. Peter is a pathfinder with a track record of creating innovative solutions, strategically managing technology and innovation, successfully launching and running new businesses, and leading business development initiatives. Peter has held CTO, R&D, and senior business positions in several high-tech companies, and he has led or been directly involved with several technology company acquisitions. Peter has been engaged as technical advisor to startups, is part of the faculty of an entrepreneur development program that has created >100 new companies, and has been on the boards of US-based Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS) and Coral CEA. He is past Vice-Chair of the Executive Committee of the Information Technology Association of Canada (ITAC) and Chair of an ITAC committee, which is focused on the Global Competitiveness of Canada’s Knowledge Economy. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/490 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2011 %T Editorial: Intellectual Property Rights (December 2011) %A Chris McPhee %A Peter Carbone %K intellectual property %K intellectual property rights %K IP %K IPR %K patents %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 1 %P 3-4 %8 12/2011 %U http://timreview.ca/article/500 %N 3 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review and is in the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton University in Ottawa. Chris received his BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen's University in Kingston, following which he worked in a variety of management, design, and content development roles on science education software projects in Canada and Scotland. %2 Peter Carbone is a successful executive known for his thought leadership, business acumen, and technology leadership. He is often called on to address new business and technology challenges. Peter is a pathfinder with a track record of creating innovative solutions, strategically managing technology and innovation, successfully launching and running new businesses, and leading business development initiatives. Peter has held CTO, R&D, and senior business positions in several high-tech companies, and he has led or been directly involved with several technology company acquisitions. Peter has been engaged as technical advisor to startups, is part of the faculty of an entrepreneur development program that has created >100 new companies, and has been on the boards of US-based Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS) and Coral CEA. He is past Vice-Chair of the Executive Committee of the Information Technology Association of Canada (ITAC) and Chair of an ITAC committee, which is focused on the Global Competitiveness of Canada’s Knowledge Economy. Peter is also a member of the Advisory Board and Review Board of the Technology Innovation Management Review. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/500 %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2011 %T Introducing the Oregon State University Open Source Lab %A Anthony Casson %A Leslie Hawthorn %X The Oregon State University Open Source Lab (OSUOSL) is the home of growing, high-impact open source communities. Its world-class hosting services enable the Linux operating system, Apache web server, the Drupal content management system, and over 50 other leading open source software projects to collaborate with contributors and distribute software to millions of users globally. Through custom software development, vendor partnerships, and industry events such as the Government Open Source Conference (GOSCON), the lab's staff and students encourage open source adoption in education, government, health care, and other sectors. In addition, the lab creates real-world educational opportunities for its students by providing high-value development and hosting services for open source communities. In this article, we describe the benefits of the OSUOSL to open source projects and to students of Oregon State University. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 08/2011 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/461 %N August 2011 %9 Articles %1 Oregon State University Open Source Lab Anthony Casson is a part-time student writer for the Oregon State University's Open Source Lab since January 2011 and also works with Oregon State Athletics as one of the Sports Information Department's feature writers. He is pursuing a career in writing and is studying new media communications. He will graduate with a B.S. in Liberal Arts in December. Anthony has written for various publications, both domestic and international, predominantly as a feature and profile author. You can find him on Twitter as @ASCasson. %2 Oregon State University Open Source Lab Leslie Hawthorn has more than 10 years experience in high tech project management, marketing and public relations. She currently works as the Outreach Manager for Oregon State University's Open Source Lab. She also serves on the Boards of the Sahana Software Foundation and CASH Music, as an Advisor to the Humanitarian FOSS Project and on the Editorial Board for the Open Source Business Resource. Leslie previously worked as a Program Manager for Google's Open Source Programs Office, where she was responsible for the company's developer outreach efforts, most notably the Google Summer of Code program and the Google Highly Open Participation (now Google Code In) contest. You can find her on Twitter as @lhawthorn or read her personal blog at http://hawthornlandings.org. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2011 %T Learning from Failure: A Case Study in Entrepreneurship %A Daniel Crenna %X Business ventures often fail even when market demand is demonstrated and evaluated by peers, and when the project team is capable of producing the work. In this informal case study based on the author's own experiences, the topics of market size and fit, team size, human dynamics, business validation, and interaction design are explored to form a picture of how a business with seemingly promising prospects could still fail. Specifically, the challenges faced by small or single-person implementation teams are discussed, with suggestions for overcoming these challenges to produce more realistic and viable businesses. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 06/2011 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/447 %N June 2011 %9 Articles %1 Postmark Daniel Crenna is a software developer from Ottawa, Canada. Daniel has delivered software for the web's biggest brands and has created open source software for millions of users. He is currently the lead developer for Postmark, a hosted email service provider, and writes on technical entrepreneurship at danielcrenna.com. He is currently at the design stage of his next tech venture. %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2011 %T Patents to Exclude vs. Include: Rethinking the Management of Intellectual Property Rights in a Knowledge-Based Economy %A Patrick Cohendet %A Julien Pénin %K knowledge-based economy %K markets for technology %K Open innovation %K patents %K R&D collaboration %X Traditional patent theory emphasizes the importance of patents for excluding imitators. This view is far too restrictive and is at odds with many empirical and theoretical works. Therefore, we propose an analysis of patent management that considers the properties of knowledge-based economies explicitly. Patents are thus shown to be critical instruments for coordinating innovative activities between firms. They not only exclude potential infringers, but also “include” all the heterogeneous stakeholders of the innovation process. Patents facilitate coordination via two mechanisms: they encourage the emergence of markets for technology (market coordination) and they play an important role in formal and informal inter-firm collaboration (non-market coordination). We also link firms’ patenting strategy with the characteristics of the technological regime of their sector. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 1 %P 12-17 %8 12/2011 %U http://timreview.ca/article/502 %N 3 %1 HEC Montréal Patrick Cohendet is Professor of Economics at HEC Montréal business school in Canada. He was previously a professor at the University of Strasbourg, France. His research interests include the economics of innovation, technology management, knowledge management, theory of the firm, and the economics of creativity. He is the author or co-author of 15 books and over 60 articles in refereed journals. He has conducted a series of economic studies on innovation and economics of knowledge (measurement of spin-offs, evaluation of the economic benefits of R&D projects, evaluation of technology transfer, etc.). These studies were carried out by his research laboratory BETA of the University of Strasbourg, and MOSAIC at HEC Montreal for different European and North American organisations such as the European Commission, the EU, OECD, Council of Europe, and the Canadian Space Agency. %2 University of Strasbourg Julien Pénin is Associate Professor at the University of Strasbourg, France, and is a researcher at BETA (Bureau d’Economie Théorique et Appliquée). His research interests include economics and management of patents, open innovation, and open source innovation. He has authored and coauthored over 20 articles in refereed journals. Julien also teaches economics and management of innovation and intellectual property rights at the department of economics and management of the University of Strasbourg. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/502 %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2011 %T Quality-Based Co-Value in SaaS Business Relationships %A Xian Chen %A Paul Sorenson %X In the past decade, the focus of information technology (IT) development has been on service-oriented architecture, especially the new service delivery model, Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). Accordingly, interest in quality management in the planning and operation of SaaS systems has increased tremendously. In practice, it is necessary to take into greater account the nature of service quality shared by both service provider and customer in the SaaS delivery. This paper introduces a study on a theory that integrates the service quality and value co-creation (co-value) in the SaaS business relationships between service provider and customer. The theory is established, in part, based on the results of a survey of Chief Information Officers (CIOs) that shows a strong correspondence between the service quality required or desired by a client and the business relationship needed between SaaS clients and providers. We have used the theory as the foundation for an approach and tool for evaluating SaaS applications. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 03/2011 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/428 %N March 2011 %9 Articles %1 University of Alberta Xian Chen received his Ph.D degree in Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, in 2010. He focuses his research interest on Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), Cloud Computing, Software-as-a-Service (SaaS), Software Process Management, etc. His Ph.D thesis poses the problem of developing a service quality based evaluation model in SaaS that incorporates business relationship between service provider and service customer. The model can be used to assess service quality and improve decision making related to the adoption of SaaS systems. %2 University of Alberta Paul Sorenson is Professor Emeritus of Computing Science at the University of Alberta. He previously held several academic positions at the University of Saskatchewan (Professor and Head) and the University of Alberta (Professor, Chair of Computing Science, Assoc. VP (Research) and Vice-Provost (Information Technology)). He teaches courses and has research interests in software engineering and the management and delivery of software service systems. He co-authored books in data structures and compiler design and he co-founded two start-up companies: Avra Software Lab and Onware Systems. He is co-author on more than one hundred journal and conference papers and has served on the Boards of a large number of research institutes and centres. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2011 %T Which Gender Differences Matter for High-Tech Entrepreneurship? %A J. McGrath Cohoon %X With data from successful founders of high-tech companies, we identify traits common to large majorities of them and any gender differences in those traits. There are few. Further, we identify criteria that might lead to gender imbalance among successful founders by comparing similarities and differences in the gender distribution of these traits among the general population and among successful founders. We find that signature traits of successful founders include: motivation by the desire to build wealth, and not by the inability to find traditional employment, nor because they developed a technology in a lab environment and wanted to see it make an impact; belief that startup success was due to prior industry or work experience, lessons learned from previous successes and failures, the company's management team, and good fortune, not because of state or regional assistance or alumni networks; access to mentors, and little financial pressure for a steady income. None of these dominant traits appeared to be required unequally of men and women, although some traits were unequally distributed in the general population. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 07/2011 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/454 %N July 2011 %9 Articles %1 National Center for Women & IT Joanne McGrath Cohoon holds positions as Associate Professor of Science, Technology, and Society at the University of Virginia and as Senior Research Scientist at the National Center for Women & IT (NCWIT). Results from her research are reported in scholarly journals and an award-winning book from MIT Press, co-edited with William Aspray: Women and Information Technology: Research on Underrepresentation. At NCWIT, Cohoon researches and creates resources on high-tech startups, entrepreneurship, gender and education, technology, organizations, and inequality. She also serves on the board of the Computer Research Association's Committee on the Status of Women in Computing Research (CRA-W), conducts interventions with high school teachers, trains and supervises professional consultants, and collaborates on increasing women's participation in volunteer computing. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2010 %T Enterprise Mashups: Cloud-Based, Cloud-Driven and Cloud-Derived Applications %A John Crupi %A Chris Warner %X After Google Maps Mashups launched the mashup craze in 2005, this consumer-based idea quickly evolved, matured and migrated into the enterprise. Structured tools and platforms emerged that codified more formal, repeatable approaches to mashups emerged, including products like IBM Mashup Center, JackBe Presto, and WSO2 Mashup Server. Finally, the emergence of cloud-based hosting platforms and cloud-based data services have given many enterprises access to a richer set of options for mashup creation and deployment. So where are mashups in the enterprise today? The goal of this article is to document and share mashups use-cases. It is also an effort to expand upon the previous OSBR articles Open APIs, Mashups and User Innovation and Mapping Mashup Ecosystems. We hope you find it provides practical mashup implementation examples and patterns collected through empirical and anecdotal research conducted with commercial and government mashup practioners. In the last three years we have performed many formal interviews and surveys with commercial and government mashup practioners in all 50 United States and over 50 countries around the world. The examples in this article are based on the practical implementation examples and patterns collected through this empirical research as well as anecdotal information from our own implementation experiences of 'inside the firewall' and cloud-based mashups. Much of the research cited is based upon data collected from the 3,890 members of JackBe's Mashup Developer Community and that community's Presto Cloud mashup platform running on Amazon EC2. From our research we've learned many things about the ways in which mashups are (or are expected to be) applied. One macro-trend appears to unite all other enterprise mashup trends and patterns: enterprise mashups are most applicable in data-intensive areas of an organization where i) information needs are dynamic; and ii) data must reach the user. Given the explosive rate of data growth in enterprise data in recent years, enterprise mashups can have meaning to just about every organization. The cloud plays a critical role in the relevance and value of enterprise mashups. The value of a mashup increases exponentially as more data sources are incorporated into them. It is easy to assume that the onus is upon data sources inside the enterprise firewall and in the past this was generally true. The recent rapid growth of enterprise-quality cloud-based data sources makes it much easier to establish genuinely meaningful mashups from third-party data services. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 04/2010 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/344 %N April 2010 %9 Articles %1 JackBe Corporation John Crupi is CTO at JackBe Corporation. John has 20 years experience in OO and enterprise distributed computing. John spent eight years with Sun Microsystems, serving as a Distinguished Engineer and CTO for Sun's Enterprise Web Services Practice. He is co-author of the highly popular Core J2EE Patterns book, has written many articles for various magazines and is a well-known speaker around the globe. He is a frequent blogger and was recently featured on Fox Business Network. John was also named as a member of the Software Development Magazine's Dream Team and a Washingtonian Magazine Tech Titan. John can be found on Twitter. %2 JackBe Corporation Chris Warner is Vice President of Marketing at JackBe and he co-manages JackBe's 3,800-member Mashup Developer Community. Chris has more than 18 years of experience in all types of enterprise software environments, private and public, big and small. He has published articles and blogs in many notable journals including SAP Netweaver Magazine, Ajax World Magazine, The SOA Magazine, and SOA World Magazine. Chris can be found on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, YouTube, and a few trout streams in Montana. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2010 %T How to Add Value to your Business with CEA: A Practical Approach %A Daniel Cardenas %X Companies are always trying to differentiate themselves from the rest of the pack by applying different strategies such as improving customer service, increasing the efficiency of their operations, or reducing their costs. Most of the time, however, these goals are competing against each other for scarce resources, and managers often need to decide to concentrate on one. A small company can effectively and simultaneously accomplish these goals for a fraction of the cost by implementing communications-enabled business processes or solutions, which are a set of technology components that add real-time networking functionality to applications. One particular implementation of this framework is the one provided by Coral CEA. Coral CEA is a business ecosystem anchored around CEA functionalities that are offered as building blocks, out-of-the-box components that link the capabilities and intelligence of networks platforms with the power of current applications to provide a new set of features and functionalities. In this article, we show how a small company called Rezact, located in the ski resort town of Mont-Tremblant, Quebec, successfully implemented CEA capabilities within its own operations using Coral CEA services. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 05/2010 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/348 %N May 2010 %9 Articles %1 Rezact Daniel Cardenas is a Software Architect at Rezact Inc, a software company dedicated to create a new reservation system called Activity Box. Thanks to the efficiency in the reservation process gained with the new system, our client broke in 2009 a life-time sales record for a single day of reservations. Before joining Rezact in 2006, Daniel worked for more than 10 years as a Programmer and IT Project Manager for several companies in the finance and manufacturing sectors. Daniel holds a BSc in Systems Engineering from Lima University in Peru and is a recent graduate from Carleton University's Technology Innovation Management Program. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2010 %T Inspired by Open Source and CEAs: The Future of Collaborative Healthcare Delivery in Canada %A Andrew Ceponkus %X Open source and communications enabled applications are emerging as a vital part of e-Health strategies across Canada. This article provides an overview of lessons learned from our investigation of collaborative telehealth systems delivery in Canadian healthcare. Specifically, the role of open source software and CEAs with respect to pan-Canadian patient record management and telehealth service prototyping are discussed. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 05/2010 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/349 %N May 2010 %9 Articles %1 Tivoli Andrew Ceponkus graduated from the University of Toronto's Engineering Science program in 2001, after which he spent nearly 10 years working in various software and networking technical roles with companies in Ottawa and Toronto. He now works as a team lead and project manager within IBM's Tivoli Provisioning Manager Quality Assurance team, and expects to graduate from Carleton University's Technology Innovation Management program this term. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2010 %T Open is the New Closed: How the Mobile Industry uses Open Source to Further Commercial Agendas %A Andreas Constantinou %X Openness is a much-misunderstood word. It represents a kind of good-will moniker to which people attach an impressive variety of definitions: open source code, open standards, open handsets, openness as in transparency, shared roadmaps, open application programming interfaces (APIs), open route to market, and so on. It is a very forgiving term as far as definitions go. One of the mobile industry's favourite facets of openness is open source code. Since 2007, tens of mobile industry giants and consortia have embraced open source in some form or other: the Symbian Foundation, LiMo Foundation, Google's Android, Nokia's Qt, Apple's WebKit and Nokia+Intel's Meego are the initiatives that have hit the industry front pages. On the surface, these initiatives use open source licenses, but that only tells half the story. Behind the scenes, Google, Apple, Nokia and others use restrictive governance models and control points that effectively detract the very freedoms that open source licensing is meant to bestow. This discusses the many forms that governance models can take, and how they are used in the mobile industry to tightly control the roadmap and application of open source projects. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 03/2010 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/330 %N March 2010 %9 Articles %1 VisionMobile Andreas Constantinou is the Research Director at VisionMobile where he oversees the company's research, advisory and industry mapping projects. He has ten years experience in research, development and strategy in mobile, specialising in the handset ecosystem, software strategy and open source. Andreas has worked on several product and marketing strategy projects for clients including Sony Ericsson, RIM, Microsoft, France Telecom, T-Mobile, OMTP, Qualcomm, ST Ericsson, Gemalto and Trolltech and authored numerous research reports for analyst firms Informa, Ovum and ARCchart. Andreas also teaches the Mobile Open Source workshop, part of VisionMobile's 360 degree training courses on complex industry sectors. Prior to founding VisionMobile, Andreas spent 3 years at Orange's Research and Innovation division, including serving as a technology lead for the Orange-Microsoft relationship. His interests include uncovering under-the-radar industry trends and pursuing human-centric design. When not hopping on planes, Andreas spends his time in Athens, Greece. Andreas holds a Ph.D. in Image and Video Compression from the University of Bristol, UK. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2010 %T Open Source Contributions as a Complement to Your Sales Strategy %A Jason Côté %A Julian Egelstaff %X Freeform Solutions, a not-for-profit IT consultancy, discovered a large portion of its work was being carried out without being paid for directly from consulting fees. This led to an investigation of the nature of such pro bono work, and what value it could provide to Freeform and its clients. Supporting open source communities was determined to be the most significant use of the time possible. Accordingly, Freeform has taken steps to focus a significant portion of its work on that task, and to integrate this work with its overall orientation to clients. This commitment to open source provides a strong differentiator in the marketplace. It also enables one kind of prioritization of sales leads. Ultimately, the commitment to the work is considered the most important aspect of the work, rather than the specific kind of activities that are undertaken, or how they are paid for. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 10/2010 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/387 %N October 2010 %9 Articles %1 Freeform Solutions Jason Côté is the President and CEO of Freeform Solutions. He has held senior positions at CANARIE, as well as chief executive positions at Actua, and CanadaHelps, all three of them leading national not-for-profits that excel in the use of information technology. Today, Jason oversees all operations at Freeform, and works with clients and staff to build the IT capacity of the not-for-profit sector. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Computer Systems Engineering and an Executive MBA in Leadership. %2 Freeform Solutions Julian Egelstaff has been working in the software and IT industries for over 13 years. In 2003, he co-founded Freeform Solutions, a not-for-profit organization with a mission to help other not-for-profits use technology more effectively. The idea for Freeform Solutions came from seeing how not-for-profit and public sector organizations have many IT challenges in common, but they experience them and approach them differently from commercial organizations. Maybe a for-the-sector, by-the-sector, approach could help everyone do better? These days Julian puts all his experience to use planning systems with Freeform's partners. He is also the lead programmer of the open source project Formulize, which is a web form and data management system that is designed to provide non-programmers with the ability to create database systems on the web. Before working with technology, Julian spent a lot of time writing and thinking his way towards a Bachelor's degree in Journalism and Philosophy. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2010 %T Re-evaluating Open Source for Sustaining Competitive Advantage for Hosted Applications %A Daniel Crenna %X The use of open source in hosted solutions is undoubtedly widespread. However, it is seldom considered important in its own right, nor do the majority of hosted solutions providers contribute to or create open source as natural artifacts of doing good business. In this exploration of the nature of hosted solutions and their developers, it is suggested that not only consuming open source, but creating and disseminating it to collaborators and competitors alike, is essential to success. By establishing an open source ecosystem where hosted solutions compete on differentiation rather than lose time and money to concerns that are expected by users, do not add value, and benefit from public scrutiny, hosted solution providers can reduce the cost of their solution, the time it takes to deliver new ones, and improve their quality without additional resources. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 04/2010 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/341 %N April 2010 %9 Articles %1 Lunarbits Daniel Crenna is an award winning developer, author, and active entrepreneur from Ottawa, Canada. He is the lead developer of several open source projects including TweetSharp, the most popular Twitter development library for .NET developers, and DotNetMerchant, a hosted eCommerce platform built on Microsoft's ASP.NET technology. He is currently developing Lunarbits, a hosted eCommerce solution for small to medium publishers selling digital goods. He recently became a graduate of the Lead to Win program. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2009 %T Accelerating Successful Technical Entrepreneurship %A Peter Carbone %X Technical entrepreneurship is often associated with innovation, research and invention. However, the motivation for entrepreneurship is the creation of wealth and commercialization of an idea. Wide scale disruptions in the economy, consolidations in industry, and the shift in value towards applications and applied technology create new challenges for the entrepreneur and the need for new business approaches to commercialization. Business ecosystems can effectively address these challenges. This article describes Coral CEA, the keystone of a worldwide ecosystem anchored around the commercialization of communication enabled applications. The vision of Coral CEA is to create new companies and knowledge jobs by implementing new commercialization models and driving massive innovation that is linked to commercialization. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 08/2009 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/278 %N August 2009 %9 Articles %1 Coral CEA Peter Carbone is an ICT executive that specializes in ICT strategy and commercialization. He has a track record of creating innovative solutions, strategically managing technology and innovation, successfully launching and running new businesses, and leading business development initiatives. Peter has been engaged as a technical advisor to startups and has served on the board of US-based Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS). He is past Chairman of the Information Technology Association of Canada's (ITAC) committee focused on the Global Competitiveness of Canada's Knowledge Economy. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2009 %T The Emerging Promise of Business EcoSystems %A Peter Carbone %X This article highlights the relevance of new business models and ecosystems in the knowledge-era economy. We begin with an introduction then argue that the shift in what is valued drives the need for new business models. The third section provides examples of innovative business models. The fourth section describes two key roles in an ecosystem: keystone and niche player. Finally, the last section provides the conclusions of this article. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 02/2009 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/227 %N February 2009 %9 Articles %1 Coral CEA Peter Carbone is an ICT executive that specializes in ICT strategy and commercialization. He has a track record of creating innovative solutions, strategically managing technology and innovation, successfully launching and running new businesses, and leading business development initiatives. Peter has been engaged as a technical advisor to startups, and has served on the board of US-based Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS). He is currently Chairman of the Information Technology Association of Canada's (ITAC) committee focused on the Global Competitiveness of Canada's Knowledge Economy. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2009 %T Special Considerations for Business Intelligence Projects %A David Currie %X A business intelligence (BI) project has to be managed with as much discipline as any other information technology (IT) project in order to be successful. There are a few items that need special consideration given the nature of BI solutions, regardless of the specific methodology or technology involved. This article will discuss how to extract maximum value from an investment in BI software. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 09/2009 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/285 %N September 2009 %9 Articles %1 Clearview Informatics David Currie is the founder of Clearview Informatics, a software startup focused on BI solutions and analytics for customer data. He has worked as an independent BI consultant, providing technical and project management advice to both private sector and government organizations. Previously, he was employed by IBM Cognos, advising strategic customers and troubleshooting enterprise BI implementations gone bad. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2008 %T Blood on the Tracks: 6 Years of Technical Entrepreneurship in Ottawa %A John Callahan %A Tony Bailetti %X In 2002, twenty nine engineers and computer scientists completed a Lead-to-Win (LTW) program in Technical Entrepreneurship. The LTW program was a pilot program designed for former Nortel employees to gain the skills needed to become entrepreneurs. Of the participants, fifteen started technology businesses, ten tried to attract venture capital funding, eleven tried to grow their companies with no venture capital funding, and seven established five technology businesses headquartered in Ottawa. These businesses attracted over $91 million from venture capital firms during one of the worst economic times to hit this region and created over 280 jobs globally. On May 15th at the Partnership Conference Series, John Callahan and Tony Bailetti, directors of the LTW program, and three of the LTW graduates spoke about the lessons learned during and since the program. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 05/2008 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/150 %N May 2008 %9 Articles %1 %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2008 %T Free and Open Source Software: Overview and Preliminary Guidelines for the Government of Canada %A Robert Charpentier %X After a slow beginning in the late 1990s, Free/Libre and Open Source Software (F/LOSS) has been constantly growing in importance and expanding in many software architectures all over the world. This impressive growth has been supported by the numerous successes, the high-quality reputation of F/LOSS-based systems and, of course, by the expectation of cost savings. In 2003, Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC) initiated a special study to determine the role of F/LOSS in our information system architectures. This study was later expanded to the whole Government of Canada (GoC). This article summarizes some key findings based on the original DRDC report published in 2004. It includes a general introduction to F/LOSS followed by some guidelines in assessing the usefulness of F/LOSS in GoC project contexts. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 03/2008 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/127 %N March 2008 %9 Articles %1 Defence Research Establishment Robert Charpentier completed his degree in engineering physics at l'Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal in 1979. After working at CAE Electronics on flight simulators, he joined Defence Research Establishment Valcartier, where he specialized in infrared imagery and space-based surveillance. His current research domain is software security design and attack resistance of information systems operated in hostile environment. He has been deeply involved in F/LOSS studies since 2003. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2008 %T Security Hardening of Open Source Software %A Robert Charpentier %A Mourad Debbabi %X In today's computing world, security takes an increasingly predominant role. The industry is facing challenges in public confidence at the discovery of vulnerabilities and customers are expecting security to be delivered out of the box, even on programs that were not designed with security in mind. Software maintainers must face the challenge to improve the security of their programs and are often under-equipped to do so. Some are taking advantage of open source software (OSS) for their production systems as the availability of the source code facilitates their validation and answers their need for trustworthy programs. OSS are often implemented using the C programming language (26% according to SourceForge.net), making it is necessary to investigate the security issues related to C. This paper summarizes key concepts related to security hardening, and demonstrates its applicability on the C language. We also propose a progressive approach to integrate security services and protection measures into existing software to ultimately make it more resistant against cyber-attacks. Given our ever increasing dependability on information technologies, it becomes critically important to provide tools to maintainers that will facilitate and accelerate the security hardening process, increasing the effectiveness of the effort and lowering the resources required to do so. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 06/2008 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/157 %N June 2008 %9 Articles %1 Defence Research Establishment Robert Charpentier completed his degree in engineering physics at l'Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal in 1979. After working at CAE Electronics on flight simulators, he joined Defence Research Establishment Valcartier, where he specialized in infrared imagery and space-based surveillance. His current research domain is software security design and attack resistance of information systems operated in hostile environment. He has been deeply involved in F/LOSS studies since 2003. %2 Concordia University Mourad Debbabi is full professor and acting director at the Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering. He is Concordia University Research Chair Tier I and Specification Lead for four Java Specification Standards. He received his Ph.D. in Computer Science from Paris XI Orsay University and worked as senior scientist for PINTL Laboratory and General Electric Corporate Research before joining Concordia University in Montreal. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2007 %T Competitive Open Source %A Peter Carbone %X Peter Carbone describes insights gained from a joint industry-university research project. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 07/2007 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/93 %N July 2007 %9 Articles %1 Coral CEA Peter Carbone is an ICT executive that specializes in ICT strategy and commercialization. He has a track record of creating innovative solutions, strategically managing technology and innovation, successfully launching and running new busineses, and leading business development initiatives. Peter has been engaged as a technical advisor to start-ups, and has served on the board of US-based Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS). He is currently Chairman of the Information Technology Association of Canada's (ITAC) committee focused on the Global Competitiveness of Canada's Knowledge Economy. %0 Journal Article %J Open Source Business Resource %D 2007 %T Supporting Not-for-Profits: an Opportunity for the Commons %A Jason Côté %A Julian Egelstaff %X In 2004, the Nonprofit Open Source Initiative (NOSI) released "Choosing and Using Free and Open Source Software: A Primer for Nonprofits". The primer describes the potential impact that Free/Libre and Open Source Software (F/LOSS) might have on the not-for-profit (NFP) sector. In a recently released update, the primer concludes that, despite many advances in the use of F/LOSS in the sector over the past several years, a real and perceived lack of support remains a significant barrier to the increased adoption of F/LOSS by NFPs. Support is often the last thing people think of when they think of F/LOSS and NFPs. Instead, people tend to focus on the price, which is of particular importance to cash-strapped NFPs. There is a widely held belief that free software represents a cost savings to NFPs. %B Open Source Business Resource %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %8 11/2007 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/56 %N November 2007 %9 Articles %1 Freeform Solutions Jason Cote is the President and CEO of Freeform Solutions. He has held senior positions at CANARIE, as well as chief executive positions at Actua, and CanadaHelps, all three of them leading national not-for-profits that excel in the use of information technology. Today, Jason oversees all operations at Freeform, and works with clients and staff to build the IT capacity of the not-for-profit sector. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Computer Systems Engineering and an Executive MBA in Leadership. %2 Freeform Solutions Julian Egelstaff is the Senior Director of Consulting Services. Prior to co-founding Freeform Solutions, Julian held a variety of positions in project management, documentation, and internal tool development at Corel and later Cognos. Today, Julian oversees all consulting projects, manages client relationships and coordinates Freeform's open source development efforts. Julian has 8 years experience in PHP development, and is a ZCE. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Journalism and Philosophy, and has completed some graduate studies in Cognitive Science.